RU68070U1 - SEMI-NATURAL STAND FOR TESTS OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS AND CONTROL OF GAS-TURBINE ENGINES - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the utility model relates to bench tests of automatic control systems and control of gas turbine engines (SAUK GTD).

EFFECT: increased reliability of complex tests of self-propelled guns of a gas turbine engine due to failure simulation.

The essence of the utility model: in a semi-natural test bench for automatic control and monitoring of gas turbine engines, including an electronic control system, actuator simulator, first adder, first integrator, sensor simulator, and the output of the electronic control system connected to the input of the actuator simulator, the output of the first adder connected to the input of the first integrator, the output of which is connected to the input of the sensor simulator, the output of the sensor simulator is connected to the input electronically th control system, characterized in that it further comprises an amplifier with linearly increasing gain A + ΔA _j (t) (where j = 7 ... n + 6), an amplifier with linearly increasing gain B + ΔB _j (t) ( where j = 7 ... n + 6), the type-setting field, which is an array of k (n + 10) toggle switches T _ij (i = 1 ... k, j = 1 ... n + 10), the power source, k failure enable buttons, and the i-th input of the dial field (where i = 1 ... k) is connected to the first contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where j = 1 ... n + 10), the j-th output of the dial field (where j = 1 ... n + 10) is connected to the second contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where i = 1 ... k), 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6- th up The main outputs of the type-setting field are connected to the corresponding 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th control inputs of the actuator simulator for switching on the variable

short circuit, constant short circuit, constant speed motion, alternating break, constant break and fixation of the actuator, the control outputs from the 7th to (n + 6) -th typesetting field are connected to the control inputs of the amplifiers A + ΔA _j (t) and B + ΔB _j (t) to turn on the j-th engine failure (where j = 1 ... n), (n + 7) -th, (n + 8) -th, (n + 9) -th and the (n + 10) -th outputs of the dialed field are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the sensor simulator for switching on an alternating short circuit, a constant short circuit, an alternating break of the sensors and constant breakage of the sensors, the output of the actuator simulator is connected to the input of the amplifier with gains B + ΔB _j (t), the output of which is connected to the first input of the first adder, the output of the first integrator is connected to the input of the amplifier with gains A + ΔA _j (t) the output of which is connected to the second input of the first adder, the first contacts of the failure enable buttons k are connected to the positive bus of the power supply, the second contacts of the failure enable buttons k are connected to the input of the input field, the negative source bus and the power is grounded.

Description

The utility model relates to bench tests of automatic control and monitoring systems for gas turbine engines (SAUK GTD).

A known bench for testing fuel-control equipment, containing a pump and a motor rotor speed controller (or pump-controller), moreover, hydro and electric drives are used as a power drive [B. Cherkasov. Automation and regulation of air-jet engines: Textbook for universities in the specialty "Aircraft engines." - M. Mechanical Engineering, 1988. - 360 p.].

The disadvantage of this stand is the large mass and dimensions, as well as the inability to simulate failures.

The closest technical solution chosen for the prototype is a test bench for automatic control systems for gas turbine engines, which contains an electronic control system, which is connected to the gas turbine engine model by means of actuator simulators, which, in turn, is connected to sensor simulators. The output from the sensor simulator block is connected to the input of the electronic control system. The gas turbine engine model includes an integrator, an adder and two amplifiers with coefficients A and B, and the outputs of these amplifiers are connected to the inputs of a common adder [Abdulnagimov AI, Arkov V.Yu. A semi-standard test bench for testing automatic control systems for gas turbine engines // XXXII Gagarinsky readings. Scientific works of the International Youth Scientific Conference in 8 volumes- M .: MATI., 2006- T.2- p.161-162.].

The disadvantage of this stand is the inability to simulate engine failures, actuators and sensors in a given sequence and in given combinations.

The task to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase the reliability of complex tests of self-propelled guns by simulating several sudden and gradual failures of the engine, sensors and actuators.

The problem is solved using a semi-standard test bench for automatic control and monitoring of gas turbine engines, including an electronic control system, actuator simulator, first adder, first integrator, sensor simulator, and the output of the electronic control system is connected to the input of the actuator simulator, the output of the first adder connected to the input of the first integrator, the output of which is connected to the input of the sensor simulator, the output of the sensor simulator is connected to the input th electronic control system, in contrast to the prior art further comprises an amplifier with a linearly increasing gain factors A + ΔA _j (t) (where j = 7 ... n + 6), with linearly increasing power gain coefficients B + ΔB _j (t) (where j = 7 ... n + 6), a typesetting field representing an array of k (n + 10) toggle switches T _ij (i = 1 ... k, j = 1 ... n + 10), a power source , k buttons for turning on the failures, and the i-th input of the dial-up field (where i = 1 ... k) is connected to the first contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where j = 1 ... n + 10), the j-th output of the dial-up field ( where j = 1 ... n + 10) connected to the second contacts tumblers T _ij (where i = 1 ... k), 1 st, 2 nd, 3 The 4th, 5th, 6th control outputs of the typesetting field are connected to the corresponding 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th control inputs of the actuator simulator to enable variable short circuit, constant short circuit, movement with constant speed, variable break, constant break and fixation of the actuator,

the control outputs from the 7th to the (n + 6) th typesetting field are connected to the control inputs of the amplifiers A + ΔA _j (t) and B + ΔB _j (t) to turn on the j-th motor failure (where j = 1 .. .n), (n + 7) -th, (n + 8) -th, (n + 9) -th and (n + 10) -th outputs of the dialed field are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the sensor simulator to enable an alternating short circuit , permanent short-circuit, the AC and DC termination sensor breakage sensors, actuators simulator output coupled to an input amplifier with a gain B + ΔB _j (t), the output of which is connected to the lane by the input of the first adder, the output of the first integrator is connected to the input of the amplifier with gains A + ΔAj (t), the output of which is connected to the second input of the first adder, the first contacts of the power failure buttons k are connected to the positive power supply bus, the second contacts of the power failure buttons k connected to the input of the input field, the negative bus of the power supply is grounded.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the inventive stand.

Figure 2 presents a diagram of the typesetting field of the stand.

Figure 3 presents a diagram of a simulator actuators.

Figure 4 presents a graph of the position of the MI u (t) in case of failure, leading to the movement of the mechanism at a constant speed to the level of restriction.

Figure 5 presents a graph of the position of the MI u (t) in case of failure in the form of an open circuit, leading to the fixation of the mechanism in one position.

Figure 6 shows a graph of the position of the MI u (t) and failure in the form of a short circuit, leading to the fixation of the mechanism in the limit position.

Figure 7 presents a diagram of a machine model of a gas turbine engine.

On Fig presents a diagram of simulators of sensors.

The stand contains (see Fig. 1) an electronic control system 1, a simulator of actuators 2, an amplifier with linearly increasing gain A + ΔA (j) 3 (where j = 7 ... n + 6), an amplifier with linearly increasing coefficient amplification B + ΔB (j) 4 (where j = 7 ... n + 6), the first adder 5, the first integrator 6, the sensor simulator 7, the power supply 8, the array field 9, which is an array k {n + 10) toggle switches T _ij (i = 1 ... k, j = 1 ... n + 10), k buttons for turning on the failures 10, and the i-input of the dialed field 9 (where i = 1 ... k) (see figure 2) is connected to the first contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where j = 1 _... n + 10), the jth output n abortion field (where j = 1 ... n + 10) is connected to the second contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where i = 1 ... k), 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th the 6th control outputs of the type-setting field 9 are connected to the corresponding 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th control inputs of the actuator simulator 2 for switching on an alternating short circuit, a constant short short circuits, movements with constant speed, variable break, constant break and fixation of the actuator, control outputs from the 7th to (n + 6) -th set-up field 9 are connected to the control inputs of amplifiers A + ΔA _j (t) 3 and B + ΔB _j (t) 4 to turn on the j-th engine failure (where j = 1 ... n), (n + 7) -th, (n + 8) -th, (n + 9) -th and (n + 10) -th the outputs of the type-setting field 9 are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the sensor simulator 7 for switching on an alternating short circuit, a constant short circuit, a variable sensor break and a constant sensor break, the output of the electronic control system 1 is connected to the input of the actuator simulator 2, the output of the actuator simulator 2 is connected to the input of the amplifier with linearly increasing gain B + ΔB (j) 4, the output of which connected to the first input of the first adder 5, the output of the first adder 5 is connected to the input of the first integrator 6, the output of the first integrator 6 is connected to the input of the amplifier with ramping

the gain A + ΔA (j) 3 and with the input of the sensor simulator 7, the output of the amplifier with ramp gain A + ΔA (j) 3 is connected to the second input of the first adder 5, the output of the sensor simulator 7 is connected to the input of the electronic control system 1, the first contacts k of the failure enable buttons 10 are connected to the positive bus of the power supply 8, the second contacts k of the failure enable buttons 10 are connected to the input of the set-up field 9, the negative bus of the power supply is grounded.

The stand works as follows.

The dynamics of a gas turbine engine is modeled using a system of differential equations in the state space

The input of the GTE simulation model u (t) is the mass fuel consumption and other control factors. As the state variables x (t), the rotor speed of the turbocompressor is selected. In this case, state variables are simultaneously output variables.

The toggle switches T _ij (where i = 1 ... k, j = 1 ... n) in the dial-up field 9 are pre-set to the “closed” or “open” state, so that when selecting the failure number, they cause the corresponding switching in the stand and simulate various failures of sensors and actuators (alternating and permanent open circuit, alternating and permanent short circuit and good condition), as well as good condition and various engine failures. To enable the i-th failure, press the corresponding i-th button to enable the failure 10.

The IM simulator can be implemented as follows (see figure 3). The simulator contains a relay 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, a second adder 17, a third adder 18, a constant voltage source C 19, a constant voltage source D 20, a first variable signal generator 21, a third integrator 22, an amplitude limiting block 23. The IM simulator contains 6 control inputs: “variable short circuit” 1, “constant

short circuit ”2,“ speed ”3,“ alternating break ”4,“ permanent break ”5 and“ fixation ”6.

When simulating the operation of the MI in good condition, all control inputs of the simulator receive zero signals from the dial field 9. In this case, all relays from 11 to 16 close the first and third contacts. From the output of the ESA 1, the control signal is supplied to the input of the integrator 22 through the closed contacts of the relay 12, 13, 15, and the output signal of the integrator 22 to the input of the limiter 23. The output signal of the limiter 23 is fed to the input of the gas turbine engine model.

When simulating an alternating short circuit of the input electric circuit of the MI, the supply voltage from the set-up field 9 is supplied to the first control input of the IM simulator. This signal triggers the relay 11, as a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 11 are closed, and the first and third contacts open. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the output alternating signal from the first alternating signal generator 21 is supplied to the second input of the second adder 17, while the first input of the second adder 17 receives zero voltage (logical zero) from the set-up field 9. As a result, an alternating signal from the output of the second adder 17 enters the control winding of the relay 12, which leads to alternating opening of the first and third contacts and the closure of the second and third contacts. As a result, the output of the ESA 1 is periodically closed to the "ground".

When simulating a constant short circuit of the input electric circuit of the MI, the second control input of the IM simulator receives the supply voltage from the set-up field 9. In this case, the second input of the second adder 17 receives a zero signal from the relay 11, and the constant voltage is applied to the first input. The output of the second adder 17 is supplied with a supply voltage (logical unit), which is supplied to the control winding of the relay 12. As a result, the circuit is closed

the second and third contacts of the relay 12, and the first and third contacts open. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the output electrical circuit of the ESA 1 is shorted to ground.

When simulating the movement of the actuator in one direction at a constant speed until the third control input of the MI simulator is limited, the supply voltage from the dialed field is applied, which triggers the relay 13. In this case, the relay 13 closes the second and third contacts, and the first and third contacts open. The remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the constant voltage from the voltage source C 19 is supplied to the input of the third integrator 22 through the closed contacts of the relays 13 and 15. At the output of the third integrator 22, a signal is generated that varies at a constant speed. When this signal reaches a predetermined level of limitation (which corresponds to the extreme position of the MI), this signal is limited in amplitude in the block amplitude limit 23. The form of the received signal u (t) on the simulator is shown in Fig.4.

When simulating an alternating break in the input electric circuit of the MI, the fourth control input of the IM simulator receives the supply voltage from the dialed field. This signal triggers the relay 14, as a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 14 are closed, and the first and third contacts open. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the output alternating signal from the first alternating signal generator 21 is supplied to the second input of the third adder 18, while the first input of the third adder 18 receives zero voltage (logical zero) from the set-up field 9. As a result, an alternating signal from the output of the third adder 18 enters the control winding of the relay 15, which leads to alternating opening of the first and third contacts and short circuit

second and third contacts. In this case, the input of the third integrator 22 receives the output signal of the ESA 1 alternating with zero voltage.

When simulating a constant open circuit of the input electric circuit of the MI, the fifth control input of the IM simulator receives the supply voltage from the set-up field 9. In this case, the second input of the third adder 18 receives a zero signal from the relay 14, and the constant voltage is applied to the first input. The output of the third adder 18 is supplied with a supply voltage (logical unit), which is supplied to the control winding of the relay 15. As a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 15 are closed, and the first and third contacts are opened. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the input of the third integrator 22 receives a zero signal and its output signal remains constant (see figure 5).

In addition, there is the possibility of fixing the actuator in a predetermined state when the actuator ceases to execute controller commands. In this case, the sixth control input of the IM simulator receives a supply voltage from the dial field 9. This signal triggers the relay 16, as a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 16 are closed, and the first and third contacts are opened. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the output of the DC voltage source D 20 is connected to the second contact of the relay 16. As a result, a constant output signal is established at the output of the IM simulator unit, which does not change upon exit.

The machine model of a gas turbine engine can be implemented as follows (see Fig. 7). The gas turbine engine model contains a first adder 5, a first integrator 6, an amplifier with ramp gain A + ΔA _j (t) 3, an amplifier with ramp gain B + ΔB _j (t) 4, and has n control inputs to enable simulation engine failures from 1st to nth. Ramp amplifier

the gain A + ΔA _j (t) 3 contains 2n relays 25, 27, the fifth adder 29, the second multiplier 31, a constant voltage source A 33 with linearly increasing voltage generators ΔA ₁ (t) ... ΔAn (t) 36-37 . An amplifier with linearly increasing gain B + ΔB _j (t) 4 contains 2n relays 24, 26, the fourth adder 28, the first multiplier 30, a constant voltage source B 32 with linearly increasing voltage generators ΔB ₁ (t) ... ΔBn (t ) 34-35.

The normal functioning of the engine in the absence of failures is simulated using the fourth adder 28 and the fifth adder 29, the first multiplier 30 and the second multiplier 31, DC voltage sources B 32 and A 33. Coefficients A and B correspond to the healthy state of the engine. All relays from 24-27 are in the initial state, i.e. the first and third contacts are closed. The second and third contacts of relays 24-27 are open, and at the output of the fourth adder 28 we get a signal proportional to coefficient B, and at the output of the fifth adder 29 we get a signal proportional to coefficient A. As a result, the simulation model of the engine determines the value of the derivative in accordance with the formula .

Simulation of gradual engine failures (for example, gradual wear of parts or gradual deterioration of engine performance) is carried out by gradually changing the value of the coefficient of the model due to the smooth increase of additives ΔА _i (t) and ΔB _i (t).

This engine model allows you to simulate n typical gradual engine failures using the appropriate additives to the coefficients ΔA ₁ (t) ... ΔA _n (t) and ΔB ₁ (t) ... ΔB _n (t).

When simulating the selected i-th engine failure, press the i-th power failure button 10, the corresponding control input of the gas turbine engine model receives the supply voltage from outputs 7 to n + 6 of the set-up field 9. This signal triggers the corresponding relays 24, 25, 26, 27, which leads to the closure of the first and third contacts of the relay 24, 25,

26, 27, and the second and third contacts are open. The signals from the generators of ramp voltage ΔB _i (t) 34-35 through the corresponding relays go to the corresponding inputs of the fourth adder 28, and the signals from generators of ramp voltage ΔA _i (t) 36-37 to the corresponding inputs of the fifth adder 29. At the output of the fourth adder 28, a constant voltage of B + ΔB _i (t) is generated which is multiplied by the output signal IM u (t) in the first multiplier 30. At the output of the fifth adder 29, a constant voltage of A + ΔA _i (f) is generated, which is multiplied by the output signal model d x (t) in the second multiplier 31. The signals obtained after multiplication {A + ΔA _i (t)) x and (B + ΔB _i (t)) u are added in the first adder 5, the received signal is integrated in the first integrator 6. Thus Thus, the dynamics of a gas turbine engine in the case of simulating the i-th gradual engine failure is modeled using the differential equation

= (A + ΔA _i (t)) x (t) + (B + ΔB _i (t)) u (t), i.e.

.

A sensor simulator can be implemented as follows (see Fig. 8). The sensor simulator contains a relay 38, 39, 40, 41, a sixth adder 42, a seventh adder 43, a second variable signal generator 44, an electrical sensor simulation unit 45 and has 4 control inputs: "alternating short circuit" n + 7, "constant short circuit "N + 8," variable break "n + 9 and" constant break "n + 10.

When simulating the operation of the sensors in good condition, all the control inputs of the sensor simulator receive zero signals from the dial field 9. Moreover, all relays 38 to 41 are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). From the output of the gas turbine engine model, the control signal is fed to the input of the electrical simulation unit of the sensor 45, and the output signal from the electrical simulation unit of the sensor 45 is fed to the input of the ESA 1.

When simulating an alternating short circuit of the output electrical circuit of the sensors, the first control input of the sensor simulator receives the supply voltage from the (n + 7) -th output of the dialed field 9. This signal triggers the relay 38, as a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 38 are closed, and the first and third contacts open. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed) from the dial field 9. In this case, the output alternating signal from the second alternating signal generator 44 is supplied to the second input of the sixth adder 42, while the first input of the sixth adder 42 receives zero voltage (logical zero) from the dialed field 9. As a result, from the output of the sixth adder 42, an alternating signal is supplied to the control winding of the relay 39, which leads to the alternating opening of the first and third contacts and the closure of the second and third contacts. Thus, the input of the ESA 1 receives the output signal from the block of electrical simulation of the sensor 45 alternating with zero voltage.

When simulating a constant short circuit of the output electrical circuit of the sensors, the second control input of the sensor simulator receives the supply voltage from the (n + 5) -th output of the dialed field 9. In this case, the second input of the sixth adder 42 receives a zero signal from relay 38, and the first input is supplied with constant voltage. The output of the sixth adder 42 is supplied with a supply voltage (logical unit), which is supplied to the control winding of the relay 39. As a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 39 are closed, and the first and third contacts are opened. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, the output of the sensor simulator unit 45 is closed to the neutral wire of the power source, and a zero signal is supplied to the input of the ESA 1 (see Fig. 6).

When simulating an alternating break of the output electrical circuit of the sensors, the third control input of the sensor simulator enters

the supply voltage from the (n + 9) -th output of the dialed field 9. This signal triggers the relay 40, as a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 40 are closed, and the first and third contacts are opened. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed) from the dial field 9. In this case, the output alternating signal from the second alternating signal generator 44 is supplied to the second input of the seventh adder 43, while the first input of the seventh adder 43 receives zero voltage (logical zero) from the set-up field 9. As a result, from the output of the seventh adder 43, an alternating signal is supplied to the control winding of the relay 41, which leads to alternating opening of the first and third contacts and closing the second about and third contacts. In this case, the input of the ESA 1 receives the output signal from the electrical simulation unit of the sensor 45, which is periodically interrupted by an open circuit.

When simulating a constant open circuit of the input electric circuit of the IM, the fourth control input of the IM simulator receives the supply voltage from the (n + 10) -th output of the dialed field 9. In this case, the second input of the seventh adder 43 receives a zero signal from the relay 40, and the first input a constant voltage is supplied from the set-up field 9. At the output of the seventh adder 43, a supply voltage (logical unit) is supplied to the control windings of the relay 41. As a result, the second and third contacts of the relay 41 are closed, and the first and third bars open. In this case, the remaining relays are in the initial state (the first and third contacts are closed). In this case, at the input of the ESA 1, the electrical circuit is interrupted.

Using the proposed utility model for testing the ACS GTE provides the following advantages compared to the prototype:

a) allows you to simulate several failures of sensors, actuators and the engine during semi-natural tests of self-propelled guns GTE;

b) the volume of full-scale tests of the self-propelled guns GTE on the engine is reduced and

by plane.

Claims (1)

A semi-test bench for testing automatic control and monitoring systems of gas turbine engines, including an electronic control system, actuator simulator, first adder, first integrator, sensor simulator, the output of the electronic control system connected to the input of the actuator simulator, the output of the first adder connected to the input of the first integrator the output of which is connected to the input of the sensor simulator, the output of the sensor simulator is connected to the input of the electronic control system, schiysya in that it further comprises an amplifier with a linearly increasing gain factors A + ΔA _j (t) (where j = 7 ... n + 6), with linearly increasing power gain coefficients B + ΔB _j (t) (where j = 7 ... n + 6), a type-setting field, which is an array of k (n + 10) toggle switches T _ij (i = 1 ... k, j = 1 ... n + 10), a power source, k buttons for turning on the failures and the ith input of the type-setting field (where i = 1 ... k) is connected to the first contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where j = 1 ... n + 10), the j-th output of the type-setting field (where j = 1. ..n + 10) is connected to the second contacts of the toggle switches T _ij (where i = 1 ... k), the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th control outputs of the dial by I am connected to the corresponding 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th control inputs of an actuator simulator for switching on an alternating short circuit, a constant short circuit, moving at a constant speed, an alternating break, constant breakage and fixation of the actuator, the control outputs from the 7th to (n + 6) -th typesetting field are connected to the control inputs of the amplifiers A + ΔA _j (t) and B + ΔB _j (t) to turn on the 7th engine failure (where j = 1 ... n), (n + 7) -th, (n + 8) -th, (n + 9) -th and (n + 10) -th outputs of the dialed field are connected to the corresponding control in the sensor simulator moves to turn on an alternating short circuit, a constant short circuit, a variable sensor break and a constant sensor break, the output of the actuator simulator is connected to the amplifier input with amplification factors B + ΔB _j (t), the output of which is connected to the first input of the first adder, the output a first integrator coupled to an input amplifier with a gain a + ΔA _j (t), whose output is connected to a second input of the first adder, the first switching contacts k buttons failures connected to put noy bus power source, the second switching contacts k buttons failures typesetting connected to the input field, negative bus power source is grounded.