RU64844U1 - DISC HARROW WORKING BODY WITH CLEANING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the design of the working bodies of disk harrows. Essence: the working body of the disk harrow is made in the form of a set of metal disks with cutting edges bent from the plane of the disks, which are mounted with an inclination alternately through the spacer sleeves on a horizontal square shaft. The cutting edges of the discs are spot or continuous wear-resistant surfacing. Radial windows are made in metal disks. Closed circuits are freely placed in the interdisk spaces, the length of which in the sagging state does not exceed the radius of the disk. These chains can be attached to the cross beam of the disc harrow. Either additional side links or side cutting inserts can be installed on some or on each link of the mentioned chains. Technical advantages: the possibility of intensive mixing of the surface soil layer; lack of soil sticking in the internal cavity of the disc of the working body; the exception of clogging with soil by the interdisk space; stability of the depth of tillage; the possibility of cutting stubble residues; improving the quality of soil cultivation; reducing the complexity of the maintenance of the disk battery unit. 1 independent. P. f-ly. 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to tools for tillage and can be used in the design of the working bodies of disk harrows.

Known working body of the disk harrow, made in the form of a set of solid metal disks with cutting edges bent from the plane of the disk, which are mounted with an inclination alternately through the spacer sleeves on a horizontal square shaft. When rolling this working body of the disk harrow across the field, the cutting edges of the disks, crashing into the soil, develop it: cut and loosen (see Ukrainian patent No. 40869 for class А01В 19/02 published on August 15, 2001 in Bull. No. 7).

The main disadvantage of this working body of the disc harrow is that the cutting edges of the discs do not have a wear-resistant coating or wear-resistant surfacing. As you know, soil is a fairly highly abrasive material. Since the cutting edges have low wear resistance, they will wear out quickly, which reduces the life of the discs. As a result, there is a need for frequent replacement of the working bodies, which is not economically justified. The second disadvantage of this working body of the disk harrow is that its design does not provide for any cleaning devices that can remove soil from the spaces between the disks. As a result, the free spaces between the disks will quickly become clogged with soil clods, especially when processing wet soil, which makes it difficult for the cutting edges to penetrate the soil, and thereby disrupting the technological process (predetermined depth) of the soil processing.

The closest in nature and the achieved effect, taken as a prototype, is the working body of the disk harrow, made in the form of a set of solid metal disks with cutting edges bent from the plane of the disk, which are mounted with an inclination alternately through the spacer sleeves on a horizontal square shaft, while the cutting the edges of the discs have spot or continuous wear-resistant surfacing. When rolling this working body of the disc harrow across the field, the cutting edges of the discs, crashing into the soil, develop it: cut and loosen. Due to the presence of wear-resistant surfacing on the cutting edges of the disks, they wear out much less, which significantly increases the working life of the working body

disc harrow (see Russian patent No. 2273977 for class А01В 49/02 published on 04/20/2006 in Bull. No. 11).

The main disadvantage of the known working body of the disk harrow is that its disks are made of a solid metal sheet. It is this circumstance that leads to soil sticking to the internal cavity of the disk (a bent cutting edge ensures the formation of an internal cavity in the disk, like a plate), which limits its operational performance, firstly, and, secondly, it is the solidity of the disk design that does not allow mixing soil properly, which limits its technological capabilities.

The second disadvantage of the known working body of the disk harrow is, as in the previous design, the absence of any cleaning devices that can remove soil from the spaces between the disks, which limits the operational capabilities of such a working body due to a gradual decrease in the depth of soil cultivation due to sticking of the inter-disk space with soil.

The utility model is based on the task of improving the technical and operational characteristics of the working body of the disk harrow while improving the quality of soil cultivation by stabilizing the depth of the soil cultivation and intensifying the process of mixing its cut layer by using a slotted disc design and equipping the working body of the disk harrow with cleaning devices that are freely located in interdisk spaces.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the working body of the disk harrow, made in the form of a set of metal disks with cutting edges bent from the plane of the disks, which are mounted with an inclination alternately through spacers on a horizontal square shaft, moreover, the cutting edges of the disks have a point or continuous wear-resistant surfacing, according to the proposal, radial windows are made in metal disks, and closed circuits, the length of which in the sagging does not exceed the radius of the disk, or these chains are attached to the transverse beam of the disk harrow, and also on some or on each link of the mentioned chains either additional side links or side cutting plates can be installed.

Since the disks of the working body of the disk harrow, when processing the soil, are in an inclined position, when rolling, their cutting edges capture the soil and move it up. Due to the presence in the disks of radial windows, raised

upward the soil has the ability to wake up on the other side of the disks, which contributes to more intensive mixing and thorough loosening of the soil, and also reduces the likelihood of sticking of the internal cavities of the disks.

The presence of free closed circuits in the interdisk spaces generally excludes clogging of the indicated spaces by clods of soil, which ensures the constancy of the depth of tillage over the entire area of the field being cultivated.

The invention is illustrated by illustrative material, which shows the following: figure 1 - design of the disk of the proposed working body of the disk harrow, plan view; figure 2 - design of the working body of the disk harrow, side view, an option with the free placement of closed circuits in the interdisk spaces; figure 3 is the same, an option with the fastening of closed circuits to the transverse beam of a disk harrow; 4 is a chain link with additional side links; 5 is a chain link with side cutting plates.

The working body of the disk harrow is made in the form of a metal disk 1 with a central hole 2 and radial windows 3 and a peripheral cutting edge 4 bent from the plane of the disk 1 with a wear-resistant layer 5 deposited on it.

The disks 1 are mounted with an inclination alternately through the spacer sleeves 6 on a horizontal shaft 7 of square cross section. In one embodiment of the working body, closed circuits 8 are freely placed in the interdisk spaces, the length of which in the sagging state does not exceed the radius of the disk 1. In another embodiment of the working body, closed circuits 8 are also located in the interdisk spaces, but they are attached to the transverse beam 9 disc harrow.

On the individual (or all) links of the chain 8, either additional side links 10 or side cutting plates 11 can be installed, which makes it possible to intensify the process of cleaning the inter-disk space and the destruction of clods.

The further essence of the utility model is explained in conjunction with the principle of operation of the proposed working body of the disk harrow.

In the direction of the disk harrow along the cultivated area, the cutting edges 4 of each disk 1 are buried in the ground. Due to the fact that the disks 1 are mounted on the shaft 7 with an inclination and their cutting edges 4 are bent from the plane of the disks 1, the upper soil layer is trimmed. Partially this cropped soil layer, when rolling the working body of the disk harrow, is carried away by the bent cutting edge 4 upwards. Being in the upper part, the soil under its own weight falls down, but due to the inclination of the disk 1 and the presence of radial windows 3 in it, the soil falls on

the other side of the disk 1. This contributes to more intensive mixing and more thorough loosening of the soil, and also reduces the likelihood of sticking of the internal cavity of the disk 1 soil.

When the disk harrow moves along the cultivated area, the closed chains 8 rotate freely in the inter-disk spaces around the horizontal shaft 7. If the closed chains 8 are not fixed on the transverse beam 9, then their rotation speed does not coincide with the rotation speed of the disks 1 (when processing dry loose soil, chains 8 may not rotate at all), which ensures complete cleaning of the interdisc space from clods of soil, and ensures a constant depth of tillage. If closed chains 8 are fixed on the transverse beam 9, then they do not rotate at all, which also ensures complete cleaning of the interdisc space from clods of soil, and ensures a constant depth of tillage. The second embodiment of the working body is preferable when treating wet and heavy soils. To increase the intensity of cleaning of the inter-disk spaces allow additional links 10, and if the cutting plates 11 are fixed to the links, this allows you to cut the stubble residues that accumulate in the inter-disk spaces.

A significant difference between the claimed object of the utility model and the previously known is that the disks of the working bodies of the disc harrow are hollow, and closed circuits are located in the interdisk spaces, which serve as cleaners, the effectiveness of which can be increased by additional links or additional cutting plates. These differences, in aggregate, allow intensively mixing the cultivated soil layer, as well as eliminating clogging of the interdisk space by clods of earth, and, thus, ensuring the constancy of the quality of the soil treatment. None of the known working bodies of disk harrows can have the indicated properties, since their disks are made of solid metal sheets, which excludes the possibility of "transferring" the soil to the back of the disk, and well-known harrows, if they have cleaners, are not very effective, since they are rigidly fixed to the frames of disc harrows.

The technical advantages of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the prototype, include the following:

- the possibility of intensive mixing of the surface soil layer due to the fact that in the disk of the working body there are radial windows;

- lack of adhesion of the soil in the internal cavity of the disc of the working body for the same reason;

- the exception of clogging with soil by the interdisk space due to the fact that closed chains are located on them on the shaft;

- stability of the depth of soil cultivation due to the absence of adhesion of clods of soil in the interdisk spaces;

- the ability to cut stubble residues due to the fact that the cutting links are installed on the chain links;

- improving the quality of tillage due to the intensification of its mixing and due to stabilization of the depth of processing of the surface layer;

- reducing the complexity of servicing the disk battery unit due to the absence of sticking of clods of soil in the inter-disk spaces.

The agrotechnical advantages of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the prototype, are obtained due to the uniform germination of seeds and ripening of the crop due to the uniformity of tillage over the entire field area.

Claims (1)

The working body of the disk harrow with a cleaning system, made in the form of a set of metal disks with cutting edges bent from the plane of the disks, which are alternately inclined with inclination through spacers on a horizontal square shaft, the cutting edges of the disks having a point or continuous wear-resistant surfacing, characterized in that radial windows are made in metal disks, and closed circuits are freely placed in the interdisk spaces, the length of which in the sagging state does not exceed the radius of the disk a, or these chains are attached to the transverse beam of the disc harrow, and also on some or on each link of the mentioned chains either additional side links or side cutting plates can be installed.