RU62570U1 - MOBILE DEFECTOSCOPE-TRACK METER - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to increase the efficiency of diagnostics of the railway track by providing comprehensive measurements of the track-measuring parameters of the railway track and flaw detection diagnostics, a mobile flaw detector-track gauge is created in the form of an auto-track consisting of a body with two control cabins, a power plant, a running gear, a supporting frame and equipped with a universal automated diagnostic complex, consisting of a travel measuring system, a flaw detection system and an on-board monitoring numeral complex; wherein the travel measuring system comprises travel measuring equipment, including travel measuring trolleys and equipped with a control system of travel measuring equipment; the flaw detector system contains a tracking and search system equipped with a flaw detector control system, a flaw detector and a recording software and hardware complex, and an on-board control and computing complex contains an information-measuring system, a hardware-software complex and an equipment power supply system.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to mobile instrumentation designed for the diagnosis of railways, and can be used to determine the parameters of the rail track and to identify rail defects during the movement of railway transport, and using for this purpose a railcar, which is a self-propelled car equipped with a power train. installation.

Famous track-measuring car, equipped with control cabins, a saloon for measuring work, as well as a lounge for rest and two cabins of increased comfort. The diesel generator of this track-measuring car rail provides movement during operation and power supply to the car track measuring system (www.czsofia.spb.ru/pm/mdru.html; "Track-car MD-RU”).

A disadvantage of the known design is its limited ability to determine and process only the path-measuring parameters of the path, such as the position of the path along the gauge and the position of the path on the level.

However, for the safe operation of railway tracks, their regular flaw detection diagnostics is necessary in order to detect possible rail defects, for which special mobile flaw detectors are currently being used, and flaw mobile detachable carts can also be used for these purposes.

Known defectoscopic auto-track, which is a self-propelled reversible complex of ultrasonic diagnostics for the distance of the railway track with a system for automatic registration and processing of ultrasonic control signals and is designed to diagnose rails (http://www.kammash.ru/products/2/amd_3/index.htm; “Automotris flaw detector AMD-3”; NPP “VIGOR”, Chisinau, JSC “Kambarsky machine-building plant”).

The specified flaw detector auto-track provides the display on the monitor screen of defectograms of all control channels synchronously with the speed of the auto-detector flaw detector to assess the quality of work of the flaw detector in the control process; control for encryption by the operator with the conclusion

copies of the image on the printer both in the control process and in the parking lot; recording information about the controlled section of the path to the streamer for additional storage; monitoring the performance of the flaw detector system.

However, in this case, for carrying out track-measuring measurements, specially equipped track-measuring trolleys or track-measuring car trunks or wagons are additionally used, which is associated with additional significant material costs for their creation and maintenance, additional costs of maintenance personnel for separate performance of track-measuring and flaw detection diagnostics, as well as additional load of iron the roads.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of diagnostics of the railway track by providing integrated measurements of the track-measuring parameters of the railway track and flaw detection diagnostics, i.e. by creating a universal diagnostic complex.

The problem is solved thanks to the creation of a mobile flaw detector - a track gauge, characterized in that it is made in the form of an auto-track consisting of a body with two control cabins, a power plant, a running gear, a supporting frame and equipped with a universal automated diagnostic complex consisting of a travel measuring system, a flaw detector system and on-board computer complex; wherein the travel measuring system comprises travel measuring equipment, including travel measuring trolleys and equipped with a control system of travel measuring equipment; the flaw detector system includes a tracking and search system equipped with a flaw detector control system, a flaw detector and a recording software and hardware complex, and an on-board control and computing complex contains an information-measuring system, a hardware-software complex and an equipment power supply system

The implementation of a mobile flaw detector-track gauge in the form of a car track equipped with a universal automated diagnostic complex, consisting of a travel measuring system, a flaw detector system and an on-board control and computing complex, allows for an integrated approach

to assess the operability of the railroad track by significantly expanding the range of simultaneously diagnosed track parameters, it provides its versatility and multifunctionality by performing measurements of the rail track parameters and defectoscopic diagnostics of rails in one passage through the monitored section.

The presence of a universal automated diagnostic complex makes it possible to increase the efficiency of railway track diagnostics by expanding the database of diagnosed parameters for their comprehensive analysis, as well as providing potential opportunities for the prospective development of new analyzed track condition parameters.

A universal automated diagnostic complex equipped with an on-board control and computing complex allows measurements and analysis of complex parameters, thereby improving the quality and reliability of diagnostics, increasing the measurement speed, speed and convenience of analyzing measurement results.

The manufacture of a mobile flaw detector-tracker provides material savings compared with the manufacture of highly specialized auto-tracers - track measuring and flaw detection, as well as reducing the cost of its operation and maintenance.

In addition, the number of staff is reduced, the time spent on comprehensive diagnostics of the condition of the track is reduced and the workload of the railway tracks is diagnosed, and the degree of automation of the control of the diagnostic process and the level of ergonomics of the staff are increased.

The presence of distinctive features in the claimed technical solution allows us to conclude that it meets the condition of patentability “novelty”. The patentability condition "industrial applicability" is confirmed by the example of a specific implementation.

The device of a mobile flaw detector-tracker is illustrated by images, where in Fig.1 - shows a General view of a mobile flaw detector-tracker,

figure 2 - General view of a mobile flaw detector-tracker in plan;

figure 3 - General view of a mobile flaw detector tracker in front;

figure 4 is a structural diagram of a universal automated diagnostic complex;

5 is a structural diagram of a travel measuring system;

6 is a photo of measuring equipment;

Fig.7 is a structural diagram of a flaw detection system;

Fig - photo tracking ski;

Fig.9 is a structural diagram of a flaw detector;

figure 10 is a structural diagram of a recording software and hardware complex;

11 is a structural diagram of an onboard computer complex.

The mobile flaw detector-tracker is made in the form of an auto-track consisting of a body 1 with two control cabins 2, a power plant 3, a running gear containing a drive trolley 4 and a non-drive trolley 5, as well as a supporting frame 6.

In the body 1, there is a hardware compartment 7 for accommodating the necessary equipment and mechanisms, an engine compartment 8, a repair compartment 9, a recreation compartment for maintenance personnel 10 and a household compartment 11, providing comfortable conditions for work and leisure.

A motor rail is designed to accommodate power, electric, pneumatic, hydraulic and other necessary equipment, as well as for stand-alone or trailed rail-mounted locomotive.

On the rail is a universal automated diagnostic complex 12 (UADK) (figure 4), consisting of:

- from a travel measuring system 13, containing travel measuring equipment 14 and a control system of travel measuring equipment 15;

- from a flaw detection system 16, comprising a tracking system 17 and a search system 18, equipped with a control system of flaw detection equipment 19, a flaw detector 20 and a recording hardware-software complex (RPAC) 21;

- from the on-board control and computing complex 22 (BKVK) containing the information-measuring system 23 (IMS), the hardware-software complex 24 (AIC) and the power supply system of equipment 25 (SEA).

Tracking equipment 14 (figure 5) consists of the following mechanisms, which are divided according to their functional purpose and allow measurements on straight and curved sections of the track: the mechanism for measuring the relative position of rail threads in height - mechanism

measuring level 26, including level corrector 27; gauge measuring mechanism - gauge measuring mechanism 28; a mechanism for measuring arrows of bending of rail threads in the horizontal plane of the track — a mechanism for measuring straightening 29; mechanism for measuring arrows of bending of rail threads in a vertical plane - mechanism for measuring drawdown 30.

All of the above measuring measuring mechanisms 26, 28, 29, 30 are equipped with measuring wheels 31 (Fig.6), directly in contact with the rails, as well as mechanisms that transmit the movement of the measuring wheels 31 relative to the supporting frame 6 to the displacement sensors BKVK 22.

The measuring mechanism of the template 28 and the measuring mechanism of the straightening 29 includes a track gauge 32 (Fig.6), which consists of a mechanism for moving the measuring wheels 33, the bearing beam 34, the articulated-parallelogram mechanism 35, the clamp mechanism of the track gauge 36.

Tracking trolleys 32 are installed under the body 1 of the vehicle on the frames of the drive 4 and non-drive 5 trolleys. Each track trolley 32 has the ability to self-install in the transverse plane of the track, regardless of the position of the frame of the drive trolley 4 or non-drive trolley 5, tracking the flanks of the measuring wheels 31 of the inner side faces of the rail heads. Such independent stable movement is possible due to the articulated-parallelogram mechanism 35, which connects the track measuring cart 32 and the frame of the drive 4 or non-drive 5 carts.

The control system of travel measuring equipment 15 is equipped with a set of microcontroller modules 37, which controls the corresponding elements of the pneumatic system 38 (figure 5). The set of microcontroller modules 37 is integrated into a single information network.

The tracking system 17, which is an integral part of the flaw detection system 16 (Fig. 7), provides tracking of the rail surface and is designed to install tracking skis 39 on it, with search skis 40 and magnetic skis 41 fixed to them, and provide the necessary working conditions. The tracking system 17 provides the orientation of the tracking 39 and the search 40 skis relative to the rail head, and also makes it possible to travel turnouts without a speed decrease.

Tracking ski 39 consists of three sections - the central section 42 (Fig. 8), which is in direct contact with the rail, and two guardrails 43 connected to the central section.

The search system 18 (Fig. 7) consists of an ultrasonic search system 44 and a magnetic search system 45.

The control system of flaw detection equipment 19 consists of a set of microcontroller modules 46, which controls the corresponding elements of the pneumatic system 47. The control system of flaw detection equipment 19 provides the transfer of tracking 39, 40, magnetic 41 skis from the working position to the transport position, their fixation in this position, adjusts the pressing force of the tracking 39 and the searching 40 ski, and also rotates the Central section 42 of the tracking ski 39 around the longitudinal axis.

The flaw detection system 16 contains a flaw detector 20, consisting of a housing 48 (Fig. 9), in which a power supply unit 49, a magnetic channel unit 50, a generator-amplifier unit 51, an internal bus 52, a control controller 53, an optocouple 54, a PC pairing controller 55 are installed , a magnetic sensor 56, a piezoelectric transducer 57, a remote marker 58, and a rotation angle sensor 59.

The operation of the ultrasonic and magnetic channels of the flaw detection system 16 is consistent with the synchronization pulses. From the angle sensor 59 through an optocoupler 54, synchronization pulses are supplied to the control controller 53 of the flaw detector 20, the duty cycle and frequency of which linearly depend on the speed of movement.

The operation of the ultrasonic channel by flaw detection system 16 is based on the ability of ultrasonic vibrations to be reflected from discontinuities or various inhomogeneities in the rail metal (defects, joints, bolt holes, etc.) or from the bottom of the rail.

The pulses of ultrasonic vibrations are transformed by the piezoelectric transducers 57 into electrical pulses, which are amplified and fed for further processing and registration.

The work of the magnetic search system 45 of the magnetic channel of the flaw detection system 16 is based on trapping, identifying defect zones with a pronounced heterogeneity of the magnetic field by magnetic sensors 56 mounted on magnetic skis 41.

The RPAK 21 recording software and hardware complex is designed for monitoring rails by magnetic and ultrasonic methods as a recorder for recording signals from a flaw detector 20 to a personal computer 60 (Fig. 10), recording the current path coordinate and speed of a motor track, visualizing and decrypting recorded information when combining ultrasonic and magnetic driveways.

RPAC 21 includes at least three personal computers 60 connected to a local network equipped with printer 61, which makes RPAC 21 more flexible.

The on-board control and computing complex 22 (BKVK) (Fig. 11) is intended for the preparation of a priori information of the measured track section, the operational control of the work of the mobile flaw detector-tracker in the process of monitoring and evaluating the geometric parameters of the rail track, the monitoring and processing of motion parameters of the flaw detector-tracker in real time scale, refinement of the parameters of the studied section of the track (coordinates of kilometer posts, level crossings, turnouts, etc.), the formation of information for the purpose of analysis as well as planning work on the current maintenance and repair of the track.

BKVK 22 provides: converting the movements of the measuring mechanisms of the flaw detector-tracker into electrical signals, processing them in order to obtain information about the geometric parameters of the rail track (track width, position of rail threads in level, drawdown of rail threads, position of the track in plan); obtaining additional information (the speed of the mobile flaw detector-tracker, time, control actions of the operator, the mark of the moment of passage of the counter-rail zone of the turnout switch, etc.); processing the information obtained in order to identify deviations of the geometric parameters of the rail gauge from the content standards; visualization and registration of the geometric parameters of the rail track, the parameters of the identified deviations from the content standards and the necessary speed limits, additional information (speed of the mobile flaw detector-tracker, current time and coordinate along the way, administrative division, turnouts, bridges, tunnels, kilometer columns and etc.), the technical condition of the flaw detector-tracker hardware; processing information on the identified deviations of the geometric parameters of the rail gauge from the content standards in accordance with their quantitative and qualitative assessment and in order to ensure its long-term storage and issuance of reporting documentation forms.

BKVK 22 consists of an information-measuring system 23 (IMS), a hardware-software complex 24 (AIC), and a power supply system for equipment 25 (SEA) integrated by information and energy networks.

IIS 23 includes a set of primary sensors-converters 62, a set of microcontroller modules for collecting sensor information 63, a block of sensors for the angle of inclination of the flaw detector-tracker 64, a system of sensors for monitoring the status of track-measuring equipment 65.

The composition of APK 24 includes a primary sensor information server 66 (SPDI), an automated workstation (AWP) of operator 67, AWP of team leader 68, AWP of post-processing operator 69.

The composition of the SEA 25 includes an uninterruptible power supply device 70, noise suppressing filters 71, a power supply 72, providing power to the IIS 23 and the control system of track measuring equipment 15.

IIS 23 is used to generate and collect information about the position of both individual measuring mechanisms of the measuring system 13 (figure 4), and the motion parameters of the mobile flaw detector-tracker as a whole.

“Binding” of the parameters measured by the mobile flaw detector-tracker to a specific point on the path is made using the path and speed sensor, which is a magnetoelectronic unit.

Information about the inclination of the flaw detector-tracker is formed by sensors integrated into the block of sensors of the angle of inclination of the flaw detector-tracker.

Sensors for measuring the displacements of the mutual position of the measuring mechanisms of the flaw detector-tracker are determined by optoelectronic sensors of the angular position.

Switches control sensors are inductive position sensors.

All IIS 23 sensors are connected to microcontroller interface modules for collecting and processing information, interconnected by an information network.

The microcontroller software provides simultaneous recording of the readings of all optoelectronic sensors by the clock signal coming from the synchronization unit in time with the pulses of the path and speed sensor. On the information network, the converted output signal of the optoelectronic sensors, as well as information about the state of the additional sensors, is transmitted to SPDI 66 (Fig. 11).

AIC 24 is made in the form of several automated workplaces - an operator 67, a foreman 68, a post-processing operator 69 - and a primary server

sensor information 66 (SPDI) based on personal computers 60. All automated workstations are connected by the Internet via a network hub and are equipped with interface devices, and several workstations can operate simultaneously on the same computer.

All workstations 67, 68, 69 work under the control of individual parts of a single software package. The software running on personal computers 60 APK 24 serves both to directly perform the functions of workstations 67, 68, 69, and to control the operation of other elements of BKVK 22.

Operator AWP program 67 is designed for processing and recording data received from SPDI 66 and monitoring the state of the track in real time. When working in the path control mode, the program performs the following functions:

- display on the monitor screen of the data about the state of the path in the form of a measuring tape with diagrams of level, leveling, gauge, drawdowns, as well as track objects (arrows, bridges / tunnels, curves, etc.) obtained from a previously prepared track route file;

- precise reference to the real railway coordinate using a special button-picket tester remote control mark 58;

- automatic decoding of the path parameters and determination of deviations from the norms of the content of the path;

- km-by-kilometer printing of sheets with diagrams of level, straightening, gauge, drawdowns and withdrawal of deviations revealed during automatic decoding of path parameters.

- registration of data received from SPDI 66 for the purpose of their further processing and viewing;

- recording the results of automatic decryption of path parameters for the data post-processing program.

The workstation of the team leader 68 runs software similar to that of the operator 67, but the work is carried out in viewing mode, which allows for more detailed analysis of individual sections of the track in order to make operational decisions.

The program of the post-processing operator 69 automated workplace is intended for processing the results of rail track inspection, their correction and filling in reports.

The program processes the data received during the trip, as a result of which it is filled in:

- A statement of the state of the track, including: the number of kilometers with an estimate and the average score; number of deviations by type; kilometer deviations; average score for linear sections and departments; list of unsatisfactory kilometers; number of kilometers estimated in directions; certificate of adjustment of control results;

- Protocol for adjusting control results

- Assessment of station tracks

- Derogations: 4 degrees; 3 degrees; 2 degrees; 5 degrees and combinations excluded from the qualitative assessment; speed limited

- Unsatisfactory kilometers and their repeatability.

Along with the listed programs, the software includes an additional program that is not included in any of the workstations - a program designed to prepare a priori information on a controlled section of the track and maintain a database of such information. It can be run on any of the computers of the APK 24, but is mainly used by the distance service for the preliminary preparation of information. The output of the program is the path route file used by the software operator.

The main part of the APK 24 is located in the hardware compartment 7 of the mobile flaw detector-tracker. Only the automated workstation of the post-processing operator 69 can be moved to another room equipped with a network wiring. The output of graphic and text information of all workstations is made to the printer 61.

BKVK 22 is powered through the SEA 25 from the AC network. A special stabilized direct current source is used to power the IIS 23 devices and the control system 15 of the measuring equipment.

Information from sensors generated by IIS 23 is collected in SPDI 66 APK 24 and used by workstation programs 67, 68, 69, and, thereby, the APK 24, IIS 23 and control system 15 of the measuring equipment are combined into a single on-board control and computing unit BKVK complex 22.

Thus, the task of increasing the efficiency of diagnostics of railway tracks is solved due to the fact that the inventive mobile flaw detector-track gauge, made in the form of a car rail equipped with

a universal automated diagnostic complex that provides simultaneous measurements of path-measuring parameters and flaw detection diagnostics, allows you to expand the range of simultaneously recorded parameters, increase the quality, reliability of the processing and analysis of the results, with the possibility of obtaining new comprehensive analysis results that increase the safety of railway tracks.

In addition, an important result of the new technical solution is the increase in economic efficiency in the manufacture of a mobile flaw detector-tracker due to a decrease in the production of highly specialized car trajectories and when it is used due to the reduction of driveways necessary for the diagnostics of a controlled track section.

Claims (1)

A mobile flaw detector-tracker, characterized in that it is made in the form of an auto-track consisting of a body with two control cabins, a power plant, a running gear, a supporting frame and equipped with a universal automated diagnostic complex consisting of a travel measuring system, a flaw detection system and an on-board control and computing unit complex, while the measuring system contains track measuring equipment, including track trolleys and equipped with a control system eritelnym equipment defectoscopic system provides tracking and search system, equipped with a control system defectoscopic equipment, flaw detector and recording hardware and software system and on-board control computer system includes information and measuring system of hardware and software and system equipment supply.