RU61530U1 - COMPUTER MORPHOMETRY DEVICE FOR PSORIASIS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to the use of radiation therapy in the treatment of psoriasis, neurodermatitis, occupational dermatoses, mycoses, as well as to diagnosis. In particular, to instruments and tools for medical examination by examination and photographing. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the accuracy of determining the geometric dimensions of the area of the skin affected by psoriasis, the dynamic observation of the treatment result, the formation of the patient's medical history. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the computer morphometry device, the illuminator is shadowless, the camera is made in the form of a digital camera, and the marker is made in the form of a set of light filters and a comparative color model, the device is equipped with a carrier with psoriasis morphometry software. 1 s.p.f. 1 zpf 15 ill. (FIG. 1 to publication), Software code.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to the use of radiation therapy in the treatment of psoriasis, neurodermatitis, occupational dermatoses, mycoses, as well as to diagnosis. In particular, to instruments and tools for medical examination by examination and photographing.

Currently, in dermatology for the treatment of diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo and other dermatoses, the PUVA method is widely used (Psoralen + UVA radiation with a wavelength of λ≥320 nm).

Parrish I.A., Fitzpatrick T. B., Shea C., Pathak A., 1976. Photo chemotherapy of vitiligo. Use of Orally Administered Psoralens and High-Intensity Long-Wave Ultraviolet Light System. Arch. Dermatol., 112, No. 111531-1534.

Epstein J.H., 1977. Photomedicine. In: "The Science of Photobiology" Ed. Smith K.C., A Plenum Rosetta Edition, No. 4, 175-207.

Psoralen is a group of substances of plant origin that can sensitize the skin to long-wave UV radiation. The result of PUVA - exposure to the skin - therapeutic effect in skin diseases and PUVA - induced erythema.

The clinical efficacy of PUVA therapy reaches 70-95% in the treatment of psoriasis. Babayants RS, Vladimirov VV, Kulikova EP, Panichkina GS, 1980. Treatment of psoriasis by photochemotherapy (PUVA). Bulletin of Dermatology, Venereology, No. 10, No. 1, pp. 4-7.

A device for computer morphometry containing a illuminator, a video camera (digital or analog), an IBM PC-compatible computer, and a morphometric flat marker are known.

Vidioendoscopic computer morphometry. Computer program reg. No. 2003610161, the Official computer bulletin. Database. Topologies of integrated circuits. 2003, No. 2.

The presence of a flat marker leads to distortion of measurements of geometric dimensions.

A device for computer morphometry containing a illuminator, a video camera (digital or analog), an IBM PC-compatible computer, a morphometric spherical marker is known.

Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2256395, IPC: A 61 N 1/04, 2005. Prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype, as well as the analogue is the measurement of the area of small sizes of about 5-15 mm ² .

The objective of the utility model is to develop a device for automatically determining the area affected by psoriasis of the skin by recognizing the color in the image.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the accuracy of determining the geometric dimensions of the area of the skin affected by psoriasis, the dynamic observation of the treatment result, the formation of the patient's medical history.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a computer morphometry device containing a illuminator, a camera, an IBM PC-compatible computer and a morphometric marker, the illuminator is shadowless, the camera is designed as a digital camera, and the marker is designed as a comparative color model, the device is equipped with a software carrier providing morphometry of psoriasis. The marker is made in the form of a set of filters.

The utility model is illustrated in figures 1-15.

Figure 1 schematically presents a structural diagram of a utility model, where:

1 - a shadowless illuminator, in particular, a photochemotherapy device cabin, which is equipped with a tent-type roof, ultraviolet light reflectors are located on the inner surface of the roof, ultraviolet emitters are uniformly located on the inner side of the roof, the camera stand is made in the form of an ultraviolet light reflector (patent of the Russian Federation Utility Model No. 466670, 2005); 2 - light filter;

3 - a digital camera, in particular, Konica Minolta, 4 - IBM. PC-compatible computer, in particular, Pentium II processor 333 MHz and higher, operating environment Windows 95 and higher; 5 - patient.

The colors are numbered by us due to the requirements of the black-and-white image of the figures in the applications for inventions. In real conditions, all images are executed in color.

Figure 2 schematically shows a color structure for assessing the color of spots on the patient’s skin, where: 6 is pink, 7 is dark pink, 8 is red, 9 is brown, 10 is purple, 11 is green, 12 is black, 13 is gray, 14 is yellow, 15 is dark green, 16 is blue, 17 is light green, 18 is light yellow.

Figure 3 schematically shows the use of the principle of binarization. The program was created in the color model HLS (Hue Lightness Saturation - Color Efficiency Saturation).

Figure 4 presents the main two fields: Left field - processed photo. The right field is the program toolbar. Figure 5 presents the image selection window.

Figure 6 presents the image selection window. Figure 7 presents the color selection window. On Fig presents the image capture window. Figure 9 presents the window for calculating areas.

Figure 10 presents the window for calculating the areas of the test object.

Figure 11 presents the result of the evaluation of the test object. On Fig presents a fragment of the image of a real object.

On Fig presents a fragment of the image capture of a real object. On Fig presents the capture of the full image of a real object (on the spot on the back). On Fig presents a capture of the full image of a real object on the arm.

The device operates as follows.

Using a digital camera 3 and some kind of light filter 2 when using a shadowless illuminator 1 we get a photograph of patient 5.

A shadowless illuminator 1, in particular, a photochemotherapy device cabin, with a tent-type roof, on the inner surface of which there are ultraviolet light reflectors and ultraviolet emitters. The camera stand is made in the form of a UV reflector (patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 466670, 2005); The shadowless illuminator 1 can be made in the form of a set of spherical reflectors. With pronounced spots of psoriasis, you can do without a light filter 2.

A photograph or a fragment of the obtained image (object) is displayed on an IBM PC-compatible computer 4 and the area is measured using a binary image.

The software part is written in the environment of the program Borland C ⁺⁺ Builder 5.0 and higher.

The program performs a number of functions:

- uploads a photo of a patient with psoriasis,

- on the photo highlights reddish spots on the patient’s skin,

- calculates the area of selected objects (area of affected skin),

- Counts the area of single objects (to track changes in a specific area of the skin).

Photography, in particular, is carried out with a Konica Minolta digital camera under lighting from a distance of 70-100 cm from the subject. The binarization algorithm * was used according to the distance matrix.

Binarization * - the process of obtaining a binary image in which the color distance of each pixel can take one of two values - an object or background.

You can imagine a black and white image in which all the pixels of the objects of interest to us are blue (the color of the object), and all the pixels are the background color. The binarization threshold (allowable distance) is determined by the user by moving the slider.

Initial data: photographs of a patient with psoriasis, where areas of affected skin are clearly visible, a set of light filters, light devices, UV

lamps, films with different photosensitivity, Konica Minolta digital camera, tripod for photographing.

The object is voluminous, shadows or darkening of some areas are displayed in photographs. On the skin there are: hair, moles, scars, etc. Spot manifestations of psoriasis have a different look. Two adjacent spots may have a different color. One is saturated red, and the other has gray fragments in the center. And if you compare them with different people, you can generally take them for the natural redness of the skin.

Increasing the brightness is achieved using various filters 2.

The following model was created (figure 2). The model has several shades of red (two objects each) and the other colors.

The program was created in the color model HLS (Hue Lightness Saturation).

Program operation algorithm:

- image loading,

- setting the image format to 32 bits per pixel (for ease of access to pixels),

- filling in an array of pointers to drains for access to pixels,

- smoothing the image with a low-pass matrix filter with a 3 × 3 mask consisting of units,

- setting the size of the distance matrix equal to the image size,

- when you press the right button, the distance matrix is filled,

- setting the current color (object color),

- the image is binarized by the distance matrix (the binarization threshold is changed by the slider),

- determination of the area of all objects,

- determination of the area of the selected (mouse pointer) object.

As mentioned above, the program is written in the environment of Borland C ⁺⁺ Builder 6.0.

The program consists of two main fields.

The left margin is the processed image. The right field is the toolbar of the program (figure 4). In order to get started, you need to upload a picture (photo). An image selection window appears (FIG. 5). Select the desired image (the image must be in BMP or JPEG formats) and click "Open." As can be seen from Fig.6, in the right working part appears the image we have selected. In order to start processing, you need to set the current color.

This is the color that the program will highlight. To do this, move the mouse to the desired area of the image and click on the right button. In the left (instrumental) part of the program, a square of the color that was selected will appear (Fig. 7).

Next, use the slider "Capture Level" to adjust the necessary image capture until all the necessary objects turn blue (Fig. 8). To calculate the area, you need to click on the button “Area calculation”. In the lower right window "Area of all objects" should appear the estimated area of all blue elements (Fig.9). The unit of area is a pixel. To calculate the area of one of the selected objects, simply drag a mouse to it and its area will appear in the "Area of the selected object" window.

To exit the program, you must click the "cross" in the upper right corner.

Example 1. Let us evaluate the work of the program on the previously created model. Download our model (figure 10). try to select and calculate the pink area.

3 objects are painted in pink: (see figure 2) a large square in the upper right corner and two small rectangles under it.

We select the required capture level with the slider on the screen of the IBM PC-compatible computer 4. Select all the objects. We calculate all areas, as well as a large square. The area of all objects is equal to 19098 pixels, the square area is equal to 18095 pixels (Fig.11).

The program works absolutely correctly with the test model.

Example 2. Now we apply the program to real conditions. Using a digital camera 3, using a shadowless illuminator 1, we obtain a photograph of the patient (object) 5. Take a fragment of a photograph. The photo format is jpeg 768 × 576, size 372 Kb. Foreign objects are present in the photo: hair (Fig. 12).

As can be seen from the example (Fig.13), the program is able to identify all objects and select them. It is no coincidence that for the first example of “real conditions”, a small fragment of the photograph was taken. This fragment was selected so that the brightness of all areas was uniform.

Example 3. Below is a complete photograph, a “complex object” is added to our fragment - a hand and a side (Fig. 14). The photo format is the same: jpeg 768 [576, size 373 Kb.

On Fig capture is made on the spot on the back (light background), as you can see the hand and side (dark background) could not be captured.

On Fig capture is made on the arm (dark background), it can be seen that the program captured spots on the arm and side.

Studies of the applicability of computer morphometry and recognition programs to real patients were carried out. employees of the clinic "Psoriasis Center".

Since the effect of the treatment is “flowing”, and after each procedure it is difficult to determine the result, starting from the first procedure and every five procedures, patient 5 was placed on a pre-prepared stand, where they were photographed.

We shot patient 5 at the maximum possible illumination, in order to technically smooth and remove the effect of stereometry.

In addition to monitoring the results of treatment, the device allows to increase the accuracy of determining the geometric dimensions of the area of the skin affected by psoriasis, to form a patient’s medical history, which, when relapsing, allows to form a shorter recovery regime for the patient, to regulate the administration of drugs and radiation doses.

Claims (2)

1. A computer morphometry device for psoriasis containing a illuminator, a camera, an IBM PC-compatible computer, a morphometric marker, characterized in that the illuminator is shadowless, the camera is a digital camera, and the marker is a comparative color model, the device is equipped with a carrier with psoriasis morphometry software. 2. The computer morphometry device for psoriasis according to claim 1, characterized in that the marker is made in the form of a set of light filters.