RU60076U1 - WATER FILTER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to water treatment and can be used to purify water, including to obtain large volumes of purified water intended for drinking, cooking, for medical use, etc. areas of human activity. The problem is solved due to the fact that in the water filter containing the filter element, means for supplying water and drainage of the filtrate, the filter element is made of filter material containing resorcinol-formaldehyde ASG polymer and activated carbon, while the amount of coal is 50-80% (by weight) by weight of the polymer; 1 Il, 4 Tab.

Description

The utility model relates to water treatment and can be used to purify water, including to obtain large volumes of purified water intended for drinking, cooking, for medical use, and the like areas of human activity.

The prior art knows a significant number of filters that differ from each other, both in principle of operation and in filter materials.

A known filter from US 4567207, B 01 D 17/04, C 01 G 15/00, C 02 F 1/28, publ. 01/28/1986, the filter element of which is made of a material that is a solid porous three-dimensional structure (ASG-polymer) with a pore size of 0.002-10 microns and a permeability coefficient of 2 × 10 ^-7 ... 2 × 10 ^-2 cm / sec.

A method of manufacturing a filter material includes the polycondensation of formaldehyde with at least one monomer that can be shaped together with formaldehyde into a three-dimensional structure. The polycondensation reaction is carried out in an aqueous medium at pH = 0.1-4 at a polymer concentration of 20-65%. Further, the polymer is maintained under conditions necessary for the formation of a porous solid highly dispersed spatially globular structure.

Other filters are known, the filtering elements of which are made of a polymer of spatially globular structures. Known materials and filters are disclosed, in particular, in SU 1756289, C 02 A 9/00, publ. 23.08.89 and RU 2257253, 7 B 01 D 29/11, publ. 07/27/2005 copyright holder - LLC Akvatoriya (St. Petersburg).

In the known solution RU 2257253 (which is a prototype), the water filter comprises a water supply means, a filter element made of resorcinol - formaldehyde ASG polymer, and a filtrate removal means. The structure of the resorcinol-formaldehyde ASG polymer is formed by microglobules forming a regular highly permeable structure.

Known filter material and, accordingly, the filter element allows you to remove ions and iron hydroxide, at the same time it has insufficient

sorption ability in relation to humic acids, the amount of which in water determines its color.

The disadvantages of the filter are directly related to the disadvantages of the filter material. The objective of the proposed solution is to overcome these drawbacks, namely, ensuring the removal of color by a known filter while maintaining high sorption ability for ions and iron hydroxide, as well as strength properties, allowing the filter element to be machined to a given shape.

The problem is solved due to the fact that

- In the water filter containing the filter element, means for supplying water and removing the filtrate, the filter element is made of resorcinol-formaldehyde ASG - a polymer containing activated carbon, while the amount of coal is 50-80% (by weight) by weight of the polymer;

For the synthesis of filter material, various brands of coal are suitable:

- АУ 207С (coconut activated carbon),

- NCP-P (powdered coconut activated carbon) and others.

Coal is preliminarily mixed with a predetermined amount of an aqueous acid solution, for example, HCl, which prevents the pores of the coal from filling with the resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer, leaving them open during synthesis, and also gives the coal particles the necessary specific gravity for their uniform distribution in the composite material. Further, the coal thus treated is introduced into a polymer solution with a specific weighted average molecular weight of oligomers corresponding to a solution turbidity of 50-100 EMF.

The inventive filter is illustrated by graphic material, where in a schematic form the main elements are presented - a filter element, a means for supplying water and a means for removing the filtrate. The positions in the drawing relate to the following elements: 1 - a filter housing containing a filter element 2, a means for supplying water 3 and a means for draining the filtrate 4. Water enters the gap between the housing 1 and the filter element 2, seeps through the pores of the latter with simultaneous filtration, the filtrate is removed through pipe 4. Other suitable designs are possible containing the main filter elements.

New filters with filter elements made in accordance with the claimed utility model and having the shape of a hollow cylinder with a height of 150

mm, with a diameter of 75 mm and a volume of 550 ml (filter cartridge), a means for supplying contaminated water and a means for removing filtrate, have been tested with a positive result.

During the filtration process, water (tap water of the centralized drinking water supply system, the water temperature corresponds to the temperature in the water supply network) enters the cylinder, seeps through the pores and enters the tank to collect the filtrate.

Model solutions complied with the requirements of GOST R 51871 of 2002. “Water treatment devices. General requirements for efficiency and methods for its determination. " A cartridge of the claimed material (permeability coefficient - 5 · e ^-12 m ² , pore size - 1-2 microns) was placed in the filter housing. Portions of a model solution of 10 l were passed at a rate of 1 l / min, and with an interval of several hours. Filtrate samples were taken at the end of each 10 L portion. The filtrate was subjected to chemical analysis. The test results are presented in Table 3. For comparison, the SHS cartridge was tested under similar conditions (material: pressed activated carbon, production Thailand, pore size 1 μm) (test results are presented in Table 1) and a cartridge (pore size 1-2 μm) made in accordance with the solution - prototype (resorcinol-formaldehyde ASG polymer). The material of this cartridge has an absolute permeability coefficient of 5 · e ^-12 m ² (the test results are presented in Table 2)

Table 1 Water (parameters) EMF turbidity Color, Grad. The total iron content (Fe + ² + Fe ⁺³ ), mg / l Source water 0.9 150 1.8 10 l of filtrate <0.1 66 1,0 30 l of filtrate <0.1 82 1,2 50 l of filtrate <0.1 90 1.3 100 l of filtrate <0.1 110 1.4

Table 2 Water (parameters) EMF turbidity Color, Grad. The total iron content (Fe ⁺² + Fe ⁺³ ), mg / l Source water 0.9 150 1.8 10 l of filtrate <0.1 110 0.85 30 l of filtrate <0.1 118 0.85 50 l of filtrate <0.1 118 0.87 100 l filtrate <0.1 125 0.9 Tab. 3 Water (parameters) EMF turbidity Color, Grad. The total iron content (Fe ²⁺ + Fe ³⁺ ), mg / l The coal content in the ASG polymer% (by weight) Source water 0.9 150 1.8 10 l of filtrate <0.1 13 <0.05 fifty 30 l of filtrate <0.1 10 <0.05 fifty 50 l of filtrate <0.1 fifteen <0.05 fifty 100 l of filtrate <0.1 eighteen <0.05 fifty 150 l of filtrate <0.1 17 <0.05 fifty 200 l of filtrate <0.1 twenty <0.05 fifty 250 l of filtrate <0.1 26 <0.05 fifty 10 l of filtrate <0.1 13 <0.05 65 30 l of filtrate <0.1 10 <0.05 65 50 l of filtrate <0.1 fifteen <0.05 65 100 l of filtrate <0.1 eighteen <0.05 65 150 l of filtrate <0.1 17 <0.05 65 200 l of filtrate <0.1 twenty <0.05 65 250 l of filtrate <0.1 26 <0.05 65 10 l of filtrate <0.1 13 <0.05 80 30 l of filtrate <0.1 10 <0.05 80 50 l of filtrate <0.1 fifteen <0.05 80 100 l of filtrate <0.1 eighteen <0.05 80 150 l of filtrate <0.1 17 <0.05 80 200 l of filtrate <0.1 twenty <0.05 80 250 l of filtrate <0.1 26 <0.05 80

The data presented in Table 3 indicate that when using the inventive water filter, the filter element of which is made of ASG polymer containing activated carbon within the stated limits, not only the color of the water decreases, but also an unexpected effect is manifested - the total iron content (Fe ²⁺ + Fe ³⁺ ), mg / l decreases to a much greater extent than when using resorcinol formaldehyde ASG - a polymer that does not contain coal (Table 2)

Note to table.№№1-3:

1) filtrate transmission rate - 1.0 l / min

2) the content of Fe ²⁺ ions in the source water is more than 90% with respect to the total iron content (Fe ²⁺ + Fe ³⁺ ) in the water.

Information on the methods for determining the content of the investigated substances are given in Table 4.

Table 4 No. p / p Defined Parameter MPC SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 DKM, GN.2.3.3.972-00 Test methods one. Total iron, mg / l 0.3 MU 08-47 / 104 2. Color, degrees twenty GOST 3351-74 3. Turbidity, EMF 2.6 GOST 3351-74

Claims (1)

A water filter comprising a filter element made of a resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer of a spatially globular structure, a water supply and a filtrate outlet, characterized in that the filter element is made of a spatially globular polymer containing activated carbon, the amount of coal being 50 -80% (by weight) by weight of the polymer.