RU58129U1 - DEVICE FOR REMOVING MECHANICAL IMPURITIES FROM WASTE WATERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical wastewater treatment. A device is known for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, in the form of a housing with a filtering element-filtering drum, rigidly fixed to the shaft with the possibility of continuous rotation, with a drive unit, and made of perforated material with wire coils laid on its outer surface with a pressure strip , the device is equipped with a brush of rods mounted in front of the scraper with the possibility of rotation and connected to the drive unit, and the filter is located frontally in relation to the stream being cleaned water. The disadvantages of the known devices are: a low degree of removal of mechanical impurities, low productivity of the device, the lack of reliability of the device and the complexity of the design. A device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater containing a housing with a cylindrical filtering element-filter in it in the form of a drum formed from coils of wire, rigidly mounted on a shaft, connected to the drive unit, and mounted with the possibility of continuous rotation, filtering element-filter equipped with an additional, coaxial external inner drum with a diameter ratio of 1: 1.3-1.5, respectively, the ratio of the gaps between the turns of the outer and inner drums, component 1: 2.5-4.0 and the magnitude of the spaces reduced and constant after the dispersed distribution of the water flow along its movement, tape spiral guides are fixed on the inner side of each of the drums with a decrease in pitch and an increase in the diameter of the spiral tapes along the water flow , the device is equipped with a tray with overflow edges for dispersed water supply in the upper part of the drum, a tray with a pipe for collecting water and its removal, and in each of

the drums of the filtering element-filtering unit placed hydraulic regeneration of the filtering surface. 1 sec P. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical wastewater treatment, in particular, to devices for the detention and removal of garbage and waste from wastewater.

A device for detaining and removing debris from wastewater is known, comprising a filter grate recruited from rods mounted with a spacer, a device for cleaning the grate in the form of a rake, a rake lifting device and a drive (see "Memento technique de I'еau", DEGREMONT, 1983, vol. 1, pp. 115-120).

A disadvantage of the known device is the narrow size range of the removed impurities, which does not allow removal of impurities from water with dimensions less than 3 mm, determined by the size of the grating spaces, and requiring the installation of a grate for preliminary removal of large impurities, as well as the design complexity of the rake lifting device.

A device for the detention and removal of coarse impurities from wastewater, made in the form of a housing with a filter element-filtering device installed in it, a screw mechanism with the possibility of continuous rotation connected to the drive. The filtering elements are two flat, perforated sheets mounted on the side walls of the channel, at an angle to the direction of flow of the wastewater, while the housing of the screw mechanism is placed in the narrow part of the channel formed by perforated sheets and made perforated in the form of a half cylinder, which is an integral part of the filter filter element (see RU patent for utility model No. 36399, MKI E 03 F 5/14 with priority July 3, 2003, publ. B.I. No. 7, 2004).

A disadvantage of the known device is the clogging of the perforation of the housing with impurities, especially in the form of threads and hair, as well as the low throughput of the filtering element filtering due to the small "live perforation cross-sections.

A device is known for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, comprising a housing with a cylindrical filtering element-filter in it, connected to the drive unit and mounted with the possibility of continuous rotation, in which the filtering element-filter is installed at an angle to the horizontal, made in the form of a carrier drum formed by rings connected by tubular elements with a total length of gaps between the rings of at least 0.8 of the length of the drum. A mesh cylinder is attached to the inner surface of the rings with a cell gap of 1.0-2.5 mm, and spiral walls are fixed on the inner surface of the mesh cylinder, the rings on the ends of the drum are mounted on support rollers with the possibility of rotation, the ring on the upper end is provided with a groove for the wedge belt, the drive unit is made in the form of a V-belt transmission with a lever mechanism of belt tension, the device is equipped with a nozzle for distributed water supply in the upper part of the filter, a tray with a nozzle for collecting water and e removal, a tray for discharge of trapped impurities located in the lower part of the filter, a regeneration unit for the filter surface of the filter with slotted nozzles located along the mesh cylinder of the filter, a cover with a pipe for exhausting air with water vapor and odor, and the device is equipped with a control panel with automatic elements turning on the drive and nozzles (see RU patent for utility model No. 54053 with priority dated 02.02.2006, patent registration date 10.06.2006).

A disadvantage of the known device is not high enough performance due to the low filtration area, because the purified water supply unit is located at the bottom of the cylinder, the filter mesh

predisposed to intensive clogging, hydraulic flushing in this case is not very effective.

A device for the detention and removal of mechanical impurities from wastewater, the closest in purpose and technical nature to the claimed, made in the form of a fixed housing with a filtering element-filtering device in the form of a drum, rigidly mounted on the shaft with the possibility of continuous rotation, connected to drive unit, and made of perforated material with wire turns laid on its outer surface with a certain pitch; at least one strip is placed on the outer surface of the filtering element-filter, pressing the coils of wire to its surface and not protruding beyond the outer diameter of the laid turns, for which at least one groove parallel to the cylindrical generatrix is made on the outer surface of the filtering element drum and having a cross-sectional profile corresponding to the profile of the strap. Moreover, each coil of wire is located in the plane of rotation of the filter drum, and the change of each plane of the position plane is made under the clamping bar. The drum and body of the device are equipped with sealing elements. The device for trapping and removing impurities from wastewater is equipped with a brush made of elastic flexible rods mounted directly in front of the scraper with the possibility of constant rotation and connected to the drive unit, and the filtering element-filtering unit is located frontally with respect to the flow of purified water (see patent RU for useful model No. 36401, MKI E 03 F 5/14 with priority July 3, 2003, published by B.I. No. 7, March 10, 2004, PSG-150-00.00.000 TO, Sewage percolator NIKTI of the City Economy) .

The disadvantages of the known device are:

- a low degree of removal of mechanical impurities from wastewater due to their "slip" through the sealing elements between the rotating drum and the stationary body;

- low productivity of the device due to the large hydraulic resistance of the surface of the filtering element-filtering due to the frontal location of the drum with respect to the flow, a small "live section" of the gaps between the turns of the wire, leading to an increase in the level (pressure) of the purified water in front of the filter and slip in front of the sealing elements, as well as a small total length of the gaps between the turns of wire laid on the surface of the drum - (about 0.5 of the length of the drum);

- the lack of reliability of the device in operation, due to the time-consuming, requiring special replacement skills - re-winding of the turns of wire when it is broken, due to the creation of a shear force during rotation of the filtering filter element, and also because of the need to adjust the sealing elements or replace them when operation;

- the complexity of the design, due to the presence of two kinematic relationships: the drive of the strainer and the drive of the brushes and its complication due to the need to manufacture sealing elements of the drum and housing with high accuracy.

The technical result is to increase the degree of removal of mechanical impurities from wastewater, increasing the productivity and reliability of the device.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, comprising a housing with a cylindrical filtering element-filtering device in the form of a drum formed from turns of wire, rigidly mounted on a shaft, connected to the drive unit, and mounted with the possibility continuous rotation, filtering filter element equipped

additional, coaxial to the outer inner drum with a ratio of diameters of 1: 1.3-1.5, respectively, the ratio of the gaps between the turns of the outer and inner drums, 1: 2.5-4.0 and the size of the gaps reduced and constant after the zone of the dispersed flow distribution water in the direction of its movement, tape spiral guides are fixed on the inner side of each of the drums with a decrease in pitch and an increase in the diameter of the spiral tapes in the direction of the water flow, the device is equipped with a tray with overflow chrome s for a distributed water feed at the top of the drum, a pallet with a pipe for collecting water and its removal, and in each of the drum-percolator filter element assembly disposed hydraulic regeneration of the filter surface.

The figure 1 shows a device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater in section, front view.

The figure 2 presents a device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater in section, side view.

A device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater consists of a housing 1, with a cylindrical filter element-filtering device 2 located therein, connected to the drive unit 3 and mounted for continuous rotation.

The filtering element-filter 2 is made in the form of drums 4 and 5, formed from turns of wire 6 and 7, respectively, and coaxially to the outer drum 4 is mounted an additional inner drum 5 with a ratio of the gap 8 between the turns 6 of the outer drum 4 and the gap 9 between the turns 7 of the inner drum 5, comprising 1: 2.5-4.0.

The ratio of the diameters of the outer 4 and inner 5 drums is 1: 1.3-1.5. These ratios ensure equal flow rates of wastewater treated with internal and external drums. The ratio of the diameters of the drums is also necessary to ensure the installation of tape

spiral guides 10 and cleaning the device from impurities of the internal space between the drums.

When the ratio of the diameters of the drums is less than 1: 1.3, the balance between the throughput of the inner and outer drums sharply decreases, because possibly uncontrolled clogging of the space between the drums, which is difficult to eliminate.

With a ratio of drum diameters of more than 1: 1.5, the outer drum will be hydraulically underloaded, i.e. the balance of expenses of the external and internal drums will be disrupted.

Tape spiral guides 10 and 11, respectively, are attached to the inner surface of each of the drums 4 and 5 of the filtering element-filter 2.

A device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater is equipped with a pipe for supplying purified water 12 and a tray 13 with overflow edges for dispersed distribution of water 14 in the upper part of the filter 2, a tray with a pipe for collecting water and its discharge 15, located in the lower part of the filter 2, node hydraulic regeneration 16 of the filter surface of the filter 2 with nozzles 17 located along the filter element of the filter 2, the nozzle 17 is covered with a protective casing 18, which protects against splashing water and at the same time o reduces air pollution. The casing 18 can be connected to an exhaust ventilation system. The device is equipped with a control panel with the ability to automatically turn on the drive 3 and the hydraulic regeneration unit 16 (not shown in the drawing).

A device for removing solids from wastewater works as follows:

Purified waste water flows by gravity through the pipe 12 into the tray 13 with overflow edges 14 for its dispersed distribution, located in the upper part of the cylindrical

filter element-filter 2 located in the housing 1 forming a zone of dispersed distribution of water, i.e. work area. The tray 13 with overflow edges 14, located in the upper part of the inner drum 5, helps to achieve the maximum filtration area and, accordingly, the maximum productivity of the device in water. The housing 1 of the device can be made both horizontal and with an inclination to the horizontal equal to 0-4 °. The angle of inclination of the housing varies depending on the flow of water and the nature of the mechanical impurities contained in the water. When wastewater arrives for treatment, the adjustable rotation drive of the filtering drums 4 and 5 and the hydraulic regeneration unit 16 of the filtering surface with nozzles 17 automatically turn on. The rotation frequency of the drums is adjustable in the range of 6–30 rpm.

Purified waste water is filtered in two stages. At the first stage - through the openings 9 between the turns of wire 7 of the inner drum 5 with a size of 2.0-4.0 mm; in the second stage, wastewater purified from large impurities is filtered through openings 8 between the turns of the wire 6 coaxial to the inner outer drum 4 with a size of 0.8-1.1 mm Thus, the ratio of the gaps between the turns of the outer drum and the turns of the inner is 1: 2.5-4.0.

When the gap width of the inner drum 5 is more than 4 mm, the performance of the device is significantly reduced, because they will be blocked by large contaminants, which reduces the water productivity of the outer drum 4 and leads to an emergency spill of water through the open ends of the drums 4 and 5.

With the width of the openings of the outer drum 4 less than 0.8 mm, the latter will be inoperative, because will constantly silt.

From the above it follows that only the claimed ratio of the gap between the turns of the external and internal drums, comprising 1 ÷ 2.5-4.0, ensures the achievement of a technical result - increase

device performance, increasing the degree of removal of mechanical impurities from wastewater and improving the reliability of the device, while avoiding the claimed ratio does not allow to achieve a technical result.

Two-stage filtration significantly reduces the clogging of the outer drum, especially with extended garbage - threads, rags, etc., the removal of which from small spaces is ineffective, i.e. provides an overall increase in device performance.

The size of the gaps in each of the drums is determined from the condition of ensuring the maximum linear productivity of the device, provided that the wastewater throughput is equal through both drums. A decrease in the openings leads to a sharp increase in the clogging of the filter element of the drum and a decrease in the flow of wastewater, while an increase in the openings leads to a breakdown of mechanical impurities and a general decrease in the efficiency of wastewater treatment. Greater productivity in comparison with the known device is also provided by a larger total area of the gaps per unit length of the drums.

The purified water flows into a drip tray 15 with a pipe through which it is removed to a discharge pipe.

Spiral tape guides 10 and 11, mounted on the inner surface of each of the drums 4 and 5 and made with decreasing pitch and increasing the diameter of the spiral tapes along the flow of water, prevent the passage of purified water through the open ends of the drums and provide transportation of separated large and small impurities to the outside . This change in the pitch and diameter of the spirals is designed to: prevent water from escaping from the drum when the filter surface is dirty; to lengthen the path for unloading trapped garbage with the aim of increasing the degree of dehydration.

The trapped particles of mechanical impurities in the filter drums under the action of the flow of water from the tray 13 with the water distribution edges 14 are grouped on the inside of each of the spiral tape guides 10 and 11 and under the influence of gravity move downstream of the water flow. Under the conditions of rotation of the drums, the trapped particles coalesce into spherical aggregates with a diameter of 1-3 cm, which are subjected to natural additional dehydration during repeated rolling.

After the zone of dispersed distribution of the water flow along its movement at the end of the drum, the value of the openings is constant and reduced compared to the above ratio.

Reducing the size of the gaps at the output section of the filtering drums reduces their clogging. Catching garbage is unloaded from the open ends of the drums to the conveyor or to the storage hopper.

Spiral tape guides 10 and 11 inhibit the movement of water in the filter 2 and, in combination with the rotation of the filter, provide an even distribution of water in the upper part of the filter element filter 2, thereby increasing the filtering area and, therefore, the performance of the device.

The protective casing 18 protects against spraying water from the nozzles 17 and at the same time reduces air pollution. The casing 18 can be connected to an exhaust ventilation system. The device is equipped with a control panel with elements for automatically turning on the drive and nozzles. If the standard hydraulic load is exceeded, the backup device automatically turns on.

The proposed device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater in comparison with the known provides:

- increasing the degree of removal of impurities from wastewater by eliminating the breakthrough of impurities and re-pollution of water, since water is filtered in two stages;

- increased productivity of the device by more than 2 times compared with the known, due to the uniform distribution of water in the upper part of the inner drum, created by the water distribution tray and the rotation of the drum, as well as a significant total area of the gaps per unit length of the drums;

- improving the reliability of the device due to two-stage filtration of the treated wastewater.

Claims (1)

A device for removing mechanical impurities from wastewater, comprising a housing with a cylindrical filtering element-filtering device in the form of a drum formed from turns of wire, rigidly mounted on a shaft connected to the drive unit, and mounted with the possibility of continuous rotation, characterized in that the filtering element-filtering device is equipped with an additional, coaxial external inner drum with a ratio of diameters of 1: 1.3-1.5, respectively, the ratio of the gaps between the turns of the external and internal drums, comprising 1: 2.5-4.0 and the size of the spaces reduced and constant in front of the zone of dispersed distribution of the water flow along its movement at the beginning of the drum and after this zone at the end of it, tape spiral guides are fixed on the inside of each drum with a decrease in pitch and an increase in the diameter of the spiral tapes in the direction of the water flow, the device is equipped with a tray with overflow edges for dispersed water supply in the upper part of the drum, a tray with a pipe for collecting water and its removal, and in each of the drums of the filtering element-filtering unit is placed a hydraulic regeneration unit of the filtering surface.