RU58118U1 - DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL SEWAGE TREATMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for biological wastewater treatment and can be used at small and large treatment plants and after-treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater for deep extraction of nutrients, preventing eutrophication and death of natural reservoirs.

The device comprises a sewage inlet pipe 1, a settling tank 2, inside which a U-shaped trough 3 is made of a permeable material with a sand-gravel mixture, into which higher water plants are planted, a drainage tray 4, and a sewage disposal pipe 5. A U-shaped trough is mounted between the wall of the sump 2 and the drainage channel 4.

Wastewater after biological treatment at facilities with activated sludge is sent through pipeline 1 to a secondary settling tank 2 for separation of the water-sludge mixture. After settling, an upward flow of purified water passes through the permeable walls and the bottom of the U-shaped trench 3. In the trench 3, wastewater is treated with higher aquatic plants, which extract nutrients from the wastewater - nitrogen and phosphorus salts. Selective microbiocenoses (bacteria, algae, protozoa) are formed on the root surface, which contribute to more active biodegradation and absorption of pollutants. The treated wastewater from the trough 3 by gravity enters the catchment tray 4, where the purified water from the sump 2 also enters. From the catchment tray 4, the treated wastewater is discharged through pipe 5 to either the water body or to the buffer ponds.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for biological wastewater treatment and can be used at small and large treatment plants and after-treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater for deep extraction of nutrients, preventing eutrophication and death of natural reservoirs.

Known phytofilter for wastewater treatment, containing a pool with a non-filtering bottom, higher aquatic plants and a filtering charge - ion-exchange material (clinoptilolite) (AS No. 2149836, IPC ⁷ C 02 F 3/32).

The disadvantages of this fitofilter are the need for additional areas for the construction of a pool with a non-filtering bottom, low productivity. The disadvantage is the need for annual renewal of plantings of higher aquatic plants, since in winter they freeze out.

Closest to the proposed device is a facility for biological wastewater treatment, containing a sewage inlet pipe to a sump with a distribution chute, the walls of which are made in the form of a gear spillway, a pipe that discharges waste fluid into a pool with a non-filter bottom, the base of which is equipped with a filter load, on planting of higher water plants, gravity drains located at the base of the basin, a pipeline connecting the drains to a well equipped with a device p water regulation, by the sewage disposal pipeline, the beginning of which is located in the well

above the surface of the filter load (AS No. 2220922, IPC ⁷ C 02 F 9/14).

The disadvantages of the device are the insufficient degree of removal of nutrients from wastewater and the need to build an additional structure - a pool with higher aquatic plants.

The task to which the utility model is directed is to increase the degree of removal of nutrients from wastewater.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known device for biological wastewater treatment, containing a sump, a sewage inlet pipe to the sump, planting higher aquatic plants, a drainage channel and a drainage pipe for treated wastewater, are located between the sump wall and the drainage channel and a U-shaped trough is attached to them. The bottom and walls of the gutter are made of a water-permeable material, and the wall attached to the drainage channel is made above the water level in the gutter. Higher aquatic plants are planted in a U-shaped trough. For planting, use submerged higher aquatic plants.

Figure 1 presents a General view of a device for the biological treatment of wastewater from nutrients in plan; figure 2 presents a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 presents the node B of the device.

The device comprises a sewage inlet pipe 1, a settling tank 2, inside which a U-shaped trough 3 is made of a permeable material with a sand-gravel mixture, into which higher water plants are planted, a drainage tray 4, and a sewage disposal pipe 5. The U-shaped gutter is mounted between the wall of the sump 2 and the drain pan 4. The U-shaped gutter is fastened with anchor bolts to the walls of the sump 2 and the drain pan 4. The height of the U-shaped gutter is chosen so that the plants are completely immersed in the water column, what is needed for

prevent freezing of plants in the cold season. In order to prevent the removal of higher aquatic plants from the gutter 3, the wall attached to the catchment tray 4 should be higher than the water level in the gutter 3. A synthetic mesh with small cells can be used as the material for the manufacture of the U-shaped gutter.

The device operates as follows.

Wastewater after biological treatment at facilities with activated sludge is sent through pipeline 1 to a secondary settling tank 2 for separation of the water-sludge mixture. After settling, an upward flow of purified water passes through the permeable walls and the bottom of the U-shaped trough 3. The permeable walls of the trough 3 allow the treated wastewater to penetrate through them, but do not allow the soil to pour out of the trench 3. In the trench 3, the aeration tanks and sedimentation tank that are cleaned in the system 2 wastewater by higher aquatic plants that extract nutrients from wastewater - nitrogen salts (ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen) and phosphorus. Selective microbiocenoses (bacteria, algae, protozoa) are formed on the root surface, which contribute to more active biodegradation and absorption of pollutants. The wastewater flow rate in the sump is sufficient for the extraction of nutrients, but not sufficient for the removal of plants with a stream of water. The treated wastewater from the trough 3 by gravity enters the catchment tray 4, where the purified water from the sump 2 also enters. From the catchment tray 4, the treated wastewater is discharged through pipe 5 to either the water body or to the buffer ponds.

Operation of the proposed device is possible all year round. The temperature regime necessary for plant life (from + 14 ° С to + 25 ° С) is provided by the wastewater itself, which has a temperature during the year from + 12 ° С to + 26 ° С, therefore, freezing

plants in the cold season does not occur. Thus, there is no need to build special structures of the greenhouse type.

The device can work for many years without requiring special maintenance and materials. It is only necessary to harvest the aquatic vegetation with an increase in plant growth density of more than 14 kg in 1 m ³ of the pool volume.

Using the proposed device will reduce the content of nitrogenous substances up to 70%, phosphates up to 30%.

Thus, the use of the proposed device will allow:

- Extract nitrogen and phosphorus salts from purified water;

- Save the space needed to accommodate the device.

Claims (1)

A device for biological wastewater treatment, containing a sump, a sewage inlet pipe to the sump, planting higher aquatic plants, a drainage channel and a drainage pipe for treated wastewater, characterized in that it further comprises and attached to the sump wall and attached to them U-shaped gutter, the bottom and walls of which are made of water-permeable material, and the wall attached to the drainage channel is made above the water level in the gutter; Fishing higher aquatic plants that are planted in the U-shaped trough.