RU57839U1 - Garland hydroelectric power station - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: micro and mini-power plants, the production of mechanical energy, for example, for pumps in decentralized energy supply systems. The essence of the model: A cable carrying rotors of hydraulic turbines is connected to a movable spring-loaded shaft, which freely moves along the guides inside the coupling mounted on the generator rotor, and with its tip, the shaft moves the slider of the rheostat connected through the power supply to the generator excitation winding circuit. Depending on the speed of the water flow, the cable tension increases and the moving shaft regulates by means of a rheostat the current in the excitation winding of the generator, stabilizing its output parameters.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to power plants and can be used to produce electrical or mechanical energy.

Known devices for a similar purpose, converting the energy of the water flow into rotational movement of mechanisms [1, 2, 3, 4].

Such installations consist of rotary hydraulic turbines mounted on a cable and located across the water stream. One end of the cable through a thrust bearing is fixed by a support on one side of the river, and the other end of the cable is also connected through a thrust bearing through a gearbox - or directly to the generator rotor, fixed by supports on the other side.

However, the operation of such devices is unstable according to the output parameters of the generator and depends on changes in the speed of the water flow, which varies with the time of year and the amount of precipitation.

In addition, the use of centrifugal regulators, sliding couplings, bevel gears, etc. in such plants. not justifiably complicates their design.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is a "Free-flow hydraulic power plant" [5], containing the main distinguishing features of the proposed invention: a supporting cable with rotors fixed to them, connected through

thrust bearings with bearings on different banks and connected as a drive to the rotor of an electric generator.

However, the prototype also does not solve the issue of stabilizing the output parameters of the generator depending on the change in the water flow rate. An increase in the number of garlands improves the uniformity of their rotation, but excessively complicates the transfer of force to a common shaft to the generator.

In addition, turning off a series of daisies to reduce the power transmitted to the generator requires additional couplings.

The disadvantage is that disconnecting - connecting the daisies to the generator determines the number of "steps" - the levels of regulation of the output parameters of the generator.

Technical advantages of the claimed object in comparison with known devices are as follows:

- The output parameters of the generator are stabilized when the water flow rate changes.

- There is no need to use several daisies to control the generator output parameters by connecting or disconnecting them.

- If it is necessary to obtain more power, two [3] or several daisies can be connected to the proposed regulation scheme for common supports.

These technical advantages are achieved by the fact that when changing the flow rate, not only the turbine speed is changed, but also the cable tension, which, being spring-loaded, moves and transfers the necessary control current through the associated rheostat to the generator excitation winding.

This improves the uniformity of its rotation in a wide range of water flow rates and - the stability of the output parameters of the generator.

Figure 1 shows the proposed garland hydroelectric power station, where the main nodes are shown in axial section.

Supports 1 and 2 are placed on different banks of the river and connected through thrust bearings 3 and 4 by a support cable 5, on which rotor-turbines are fixed 6. A coupling 9 is fixed to the bulk 7 of the generator rotor 8, along the guides 10 of which a movable shaft 11 spring-loaded can be moved 12 and the regulating nut 13. The tip 14 of the movable shaft is connected to the carrier cable and to the slider 15 of the rheostat 16, moving along the guide 17, and the winding of the rheostat is connected through a power source 18 to the excitation winding 19 of the generator.

Garland hydroelectric station works as follows. The power generated by the generator is in cubic dependence on the flow rate. Thus, even a slight change in the flow rate significantly affects the energy generated by the electric generator and requires its regulation.

When increasing, for example, the flow velocity "V", the angular velocity of rotation of the rotors-turbines 6 increases and their resistance to flow increases, which causes additional bending of the carrier cable 5 in the direction of "V".

Since the cable 5 is connected to the spring shaft 11, the latter moves along the guides 10 to the right, compressing the spring 12, and simultaneously moves the slider 15 of the rheostat 16 to the right with the tip 14. The resistance in the circuit: rheostat 16, power supply 18, the excitation winding 19 of the generator increases, and the current exciting the magnetic fields of the rotor of the generator decreases and the voltage at the output terminals of the generator decreases to nominal.

Similarly, when the flow rate “V” decreases, the resistance to it decreases by the garland, the bending of the cable 5 due to the action of the spring 12 decreases, the shaft 11 inside the sleeve 9 moves to the left, dragging the slider 15 of the rheostat 16 to the left by the tip 14 and, as a result,

the current in the excitation winding of the generator will increase, increasing its output voltage to the rated one.

It is clear that for each of the structures of the hydroelectric power station, the parameters of the rotors-turbines 6, their number, the force of the spring 12, the parameters of the rheostat 16 and generator 8 must be individually determined.

Tests have shown that the parameters of the operation of the garland from the rotors are preserved when it is bent on the support cable to 25 ° relative to a straight line between the supports on opposite sides of the water flow. For a ten-meter garland, this will correspond to the movement of the movable shaft 11, and accordingly, the slider 15 of the rheostat 16 at a distance of up to 0.8 meters, which is quite enough to create feedback in the circuit: generator excitation winding, rheostat, winding power source.

According to the author, such garland hydroelectric power plants can be widely used in decentralized energy supply systems.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application:

1. The journal "Radio", No. 4, 1961, p.64 "Garland power station" (analogue).

2. Yu.M. Novikov. Opportunities of damless hydroelectric power stations. Scientific and technical collection "Energy and Ecology", p.81, Res. Editor Nakorekov V.G., Novosibirsk, 1988. Ed. Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS (analogue).

3. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of BS Blinov No. 175906 "Free-flow hydraulic power plant" (analogue).

4. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of Yu.M. Novikov No. 1778355 "Rotor line of a garland hydroelectric power station" (analogue).

5. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of B. S. Blinov No. 153883. "Free-flow hydraulic power plant" (prototype).

Claims (1)

Garland hydroelectric power station containing a supporting cable with rotors fixed on it, connected through thrust bearings with bearings on different sides of the stream and connected at one end to the rotor of an electric generator, characterized in that the cable from the generator side is connected to a spring-loaded shaft kinematically connected to a rheostat connected through the power source to the excitation winding of the generator, and on the spring-loaded shaft placed on its guides coupling, rigidly mounted on the rotor shaft of an electric generator.