RU56364U1 - LOAD CRANE PROTECTION SYSTEM OF THE ARROW TYPE WITH A MANEUVER ARROW - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to hoisting and transport machinery and can be used in control systems and protection of hoisting cranes. The crane protection system contains load sensors 1, a boom angle sensor 5, an indicator 6 of parameters, and a unit 8 for setting the permissible load, a comparator 9 and an executive unit 10, the output of which is connected to the first input of the data logger 11. A unit 12 for recording the calculated values of the parameters, a correction unit 2, a cargo mass determination unit 2, a scaling unit 4, a variable coefficient unit 14, a switch 15, a boom deflection recording unit 13 and a departure calculating unit 7 are introduced into the system. The technical result from the use of the utility model is to increase the safety of the crane by increasing the accuracy of control of its parameters. 1 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to hoisting and transport machinery and can be used in control systems and protection of jib cranes with a shunting boom from overload and collision with obstacles and to control the mode of use of the crane.

A known protection system for a jib boom crane with a shunting boom, comprising load sensors, tilt angles and boom lengths, a parameter indicator and series-connected permissible load setting unit, a comparator and an actuator unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the crane parameters recorder (see RF certificate Utility Model No. 11191, B 66 C 23/90, 09.16.1999). This system provides protection of the crane against overload and collisions with obstacles, however, the disadvantage of this system is the low accuracy of monitoring the crane parameters, primarily due to significant deviations of these parameters from the calculated values, as well as the difficulty of taking into account some of them (first of all, structural deformation under various loads) when designing and setting on the crane the protective characteristics of the device.

The task to which the claimed utility model is directed is to develop a protection system for a jib-type crane with a shunting arrow, which would provide increased safety for the crane operation by improving the accuracy of control of its parameters.

The technical task is achieved by the fact that in the well-known system of protection of a jib crane with a shunting boom, containing load sensors and boom angle, a parameter indicator and series-connected permissible load setting unit, a comparator and an executive unit, the output of which is connected to

according to the utility model, the first input of the parameter recorder includes a unit for recording the calculated values of the parameters, a correction unit, a unit for determining the mass of the load, a scaling unit, a block of variable coefficients, a switch, a unit for recording the deflection of the boom and a unit for calculating the departure, while the output of the load sensor is connected to the first the inputs of the cargo mass determination unit, the correction unit and the scaling unit, the output of the boom angle sensor is connected to the second input of the correction unit, the first input of the parameter indicator and the first input to the departure calculating unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the allowable load setting unit, the output of the unit for calculating the calculated values of the parameters is connected to the third input of the correction unit, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the load mass determination unit, and the second output is through the boom deflection recording unit - to the second input of the departure calculation unit, the input of the variable coefficient block is connected to the switch, and the output to the second input of the scaling unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the boom deflection recording unit , the output of the unit for determining the mass of the load is connected to the second input of the comparator, the second input of the parameter logger and the second input of the parameter indicator, the third input of which is connected to the output of the unit for setting the permissible load, and the fourth input is connected to the output of the departure calculation unit, the output of the boom angle sensor to the third input of the parameter logger, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the load sensor, the fifth input - with the output of the comparator, the sixth input - with the output of the unit for setting the permissible load, and the seventh move - with the output of the departure calculation block.

The security system can be equipped with a boom length sensor and a functional converter, while the output of the boom length sensor is connected to the fourth input of the correction unit and to the first input of the functional converter, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the correction unit, and the output to the third input of the block

scaling, to the third input of the departure calculation unit, to the fifth input of the parameter indicator and to the eighth input of the parameter recorder.

The essence of the utility model is that the sensors for the length and angle of the boom (and, if necessary, depending on the type of crane, additionally use sensors of other parameters, for example, an azimuth sensor for jib cranes or a hook height sensor for tower cranes, etc.) recording and subsequent control of the coordinates of obstacles is made, as a result of which their own influence on the accuracy of coordinate control is not significant. The influence of deviations and changes under load of the crane equipment parameters is significant, which takes place in the vertical plane of the boom (and tower). In this regard, this application proposes the technical implementation of the adjustment of the system on a crane in the channels for monitoring the load and changing the parameters of the equipment in the vertical plane of the boom, i.e. on the channels of the load sensors, the length and angle of the boom.

The technical result from the use of the claimed utility model is to increase the safety of a crane by improving the accuracy of control of its parameters.

Figure 1 and 2 presents the functional diagrams of the proposed protection system for jib cranes with a fixed boom length and with a telescopic boom, respectively.

The crane protection system includes a load sensor 1, a load mass determination unit 2, a correction unit 3, a scaling unit 4, a boom angle sensor 5 relative to the gravitational vertical, a parameter indicator 6, a departure calculation unit 7, an allowable load setting unit 8, a comparator 9, the executive unit 10, the registrar 11 parameters, block 12 records the calculated values of the parameters, block 13 records the deflection of the boom, block 14 variable coefficients and switch 15.

The output of the load sensor 1 is connected to the first inputs of the mass determination unit 2, the correction unit 3, and the scaling unit 4,

The output of the boom angle sensor 5 is connected to the second input of the correction unit 3, the first input of the indicator 6 of the parameters and through the series-connected unit 7 for calculating the departure, the unit 8 for setting the permissible load, the comparator 9 and the executive unit 10 to the first input of the recorder 11 of the crane parameters.

The output of the unit for recording the calculated values of the parameters is connected to the third input of the correction unit 3, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the mass determination unit 2, and the second output, through the boom deflection unit 13, to the second input of the departure calculation unit 7.

The input of the variable coefficient block 14 is connected to the switch 15, and the output is to the second input of the scaling block 4, the output of which is connected to the second input of the boom deflection block 13.

The output of the cargo mass determination unit 2 is connected to the second input of the comparator 9, the second input of the parameter recorder 11 and the second input of the parameter indicator 6, the third input of which is connected to the output of the allowable load setting unit 8, and the fourth input is connected to the output of the departure calculation unit 7.

The output of the boom angle sensor 5 is also connected to the third input of the parameter recorder 11, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the load sensor 1, the fifth input - with the output of the comparator 9, the sixth input - with the output of the permissible load setting unit 8, and the seventh output - with the output block 7 departure calculation.

Actuators are connected to the output of the executive unit.

On the crane with a flexible (on the ropes) suspension of the boom of a fixed length, the load sensor 1 is installed in the transmission mechanism of the boom-lifting rope, which provides a reduction in the force on the specified sensor, and is a force sensor. On the boom is a sensor 5 of the angle of the boom.

Block 2 determine the mass of the cargo is designed to convert the signal controlled by the sensor 1 of the load into a signal proportional to the mass of the cargo.

Correction block 3 consists of an electro-programmable memory device, in which, when adjusted on a tap, both calculated (or measured by high-precision external measuring instruments) values of the monitored parameters and their corresponding indicators, determined by the signals of sensors 1 and 5, are entered; Based on these data, the correction to the sensor readings measured in the operating mode of the system is calculated.

Scaling unit 4 is designed to adjust the values of the boom deflection depending on its length, in particular for cranes with fixed boom sections and tower cranes - according to the signal of block 14 of variable coefficients determined by switch 15 depending on the type of crane.

The departure calculation unit 7 is designed to convert the signal of the sensor 5 of the angle of inclination relative to the vertical into the sine value of this angle, i.e. in a value proportional to the outreach, and the unit 8 for setting the permissible load is intended to convert the departure signal into a permissible load signal. Blocks 7 and 8 can be made in the form of read-only memory (ROM), the address inputs of which are inputs of blocks 7 and 8, respectively, and the outputs of these blocks are the data bus of the ROM with the recorded values of the departures and allowable loads, respectively (for certain departures).

The system has an indicator 6 and a recorder 11 parameters of the crane in order to analyze its operation. Recorded indicators can be both current for assessing, for example, the pre-emergency situation, and long-term statistics for evaluating the resource indicators of a crane, including the need for routine maintenance. The registrar 11 parameters consists of a processor and an electro-programmable

a storage device, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the sensors 1 and 5 and the functional units of the system for recording performance indicators of the crane and the system itself. If the system itself is run by digital technology, the recorder may not contain a processor.

The unit 12 for recording the calculated values of the parameters includes a keyboard for manually entering into the block 3 for the correction of the calculated values of the forces, lengths and angles corresponding to the measured sensors 1 and 5.

Block 13 records the deflection of the boom is designed to record the difference in the values of departures without load and with a known (calibrated) mass of the cargo produced when the device is aligned on a crane.

Block 14 variable coefficients is designed to record data depending on the design features and the number of installed sections of the boom or tower crane.

The switch 15 is preferably performed using digital technology and is an electronic switch.

The protection system of a crane with a telescopic boom, shown in FIG. 2, comprises a load sensor 101, a load mass determination unit 102, a correction unit 103, a scaler 104, a boom angle sensor 105 relative to the gravitational vertical, a parameter indicator 106, a departure calculating unit 107 , permissible load setting unit 108, comparator 109, executive unit 110, parameter registrar 111, design parameters recording unit 112, boom deflection recording unit 113, variable coefficient block 114, switch 115, sensor IR boom length 116 and the functional Converter 117.

The output of the load sensor 101 is connected to the first inputs of the load mass determination unit 102, the correction unit 103, and the scaling unit 104,

The output of the boom angle sensor 105 is connected to the second input of the correction unit 103, the first input of the parameter indicator 106 and through the series-connected departure calculating unit 107, task unit 108

permissible load, the comparator 109 and the Executive unit 110 - to the first input of the recorder 111 parameters of the crane.

The output of the unit 112 for recording the calculated values of the parameters is connected to the third input of the correction unit 103, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the mass determination unit 102, and the second output, through the boom deflection unit 113, to the second input of the departure calculating unit 107.

The input of variable coefficient block 114 is connected to switch 115, and the output is to the second input of scaling block 104, the output of which is connected to the second input of boom deflection recording block 113.

The output of the cargo mass determination unit 102 is connected to the second input of the comparator 109, the second input of the parameter recorder 111 and the second input of the parameter indicator 106, the third input of which is connected to the output of the allowable load setting unit 108, and the fourth input is connected to the output of the departure calculation unit 107.

The output of the boom angle sensor 105 is also connected to the third input of the parameter recorder 111, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the load sensor 101, the fifth input - with the output of the comparator 109, the sixth input - with the output of the permissible load setting unit 108, and the seventh output - with the output block 107 calculating the departure.

The output of the boom length sensor 116 is connected to the fourth input of the correction unit 103 and to the first input of the functional converter 117, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the correction unit 103, and the output to the third input of the scaling unit 10, the third input of the departure calculating unit 107, to the fifth the input of the indicator 106 parameters and to the eighth input of the registrar 111 parameters.

To the output of the Executive unit 110 are connected actuators.

For a crane with a telescopic boom and hydraulic equipment mechanisms, the load sensor 101 controls the force in the hydraulic cylinder

boom lift and is a combination of two pressure sensors in the piston and rod cavities, the signals of which are processed according to the corresponding formula. A boom length sensor 116 and a boom angle sensor 105 are located on the boom.

Block 102 determine the mass of the load is designed to convert a signal controlled by the sensor 101 of the load, into a signal proportional to the mass of the load.

The correction block 103 consists of an electro-programmable memory device, in which, when configured on the tap, both calculated (or measured by high-precision external measuring instruments) values of the monitored parameters, and their corresponding indicators, determined by the signals of the sensors 101, 105, 116, are entered. data correction is calculated to the readings of the sensors, measured in the operating mode of the system.

Functional Converter 117 is designed to convert the signal of the sensor 116 of the boom length to a value proportional to the length of the boom, and is made using digital technology, but can be performed on non-linearity blocks or on a specialized mechanical element.

The scaling unit 104 is designed to adjust the deflection of the boom depending on its length according to the signal of the functional transducer 117 and additionally according to the signal of the block 114 of variable coefficients determined by the switch 115 depending on the type of crane, for example, if there is an extension cord or jibs on the extension section of the boom. In the absence of such elements, the switch 115 is set to a position in which the block of variable coefficients does not affect the calculation.

The departure calculating unit 107 is designed to convert the signal of the sensor 105 of the angle of inclination of the boom relative to the gravitational vertical to the sine value of this angle, i.e. in proportion to the departure, and the block

108 setting the allowable load is intended to convert the departure signal into a signal of allowable load. The departure calculation unit 107, as well as the allowable load setting unit 108 can be made in the form of read-only memory (ROM), the address inputs of which are the inputs of blocks 107 and 108, respectively, and the outputs of these blocks are the data bus of the ROM with the recorded values of the departures and allowable, respectively loads (for certain departures).

The system has an indicator 106 and a crane parameters recorder 111 for the purpose of analyzing its operation. Recorded indicators can be both current for assessing, for example, the pre-emergency situation, and long-term statistics for evaluating the resource indicators of a crane, including the need for routine maintenance. The registrar 111 of the parameters consists of a processor and an electro-programmable storage device, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of all sensors and functional units of the system for recording performance indicators of the crane and the system itself. If the system itself is run by digital technology, the recorder may not contain a processor.

Block 112 recording the calculated values of the parameters includes a keyboard for manually entering into the block 103 of the correction of the calculated values of forces, lengths and angles corresponding to the measured sensors 101, 116 and 105.

Block 113 records the deflection of the boom is designed to record the difference in the values of departures without load and with a known (calibrated) mass of the cargo produced when adjusting the device on the crane.

The switch 115 is preferably implemented using digital technology and is an electronic switch.

Functional Converter 117 is made using digital technology, but can be performed on blocks of nonlinearities or on a specialized mechanical element.

During the initial installation of the system, it is adjusted (adjusted) on the crane in order to minimize errors both in the system itself (primarily the sensors and their installation nodes) and errors caused by deviation of the crane parameters from the calculated values.

For this, the crane boom is set in several positions, the angles of which are measured by the sensor 5 (105) at various values of the lengths of the arrows measured by the sensor 116, if the device is used on a crane with a telescopic boom. If the crane has additional structural elements of a fixed length (extension or jib) on the extendable boom section, or is made with fixed boom sections when the boom length sensor is absent, then before starting adjustment it is necessary to set variable coefficients in block 14 (114) in block 14 (114) a value depending on the design features of the crane, for example, the number of installed sections of the boom or tower of the crane.

After that, it is necessary to hang the calibration weight on the hook, set the boom to the departure of the calibrated point and enter this value in block 3 (103). In the "memory" of the device is recorded information of the sensor 1 (101) of the load as a result of exposure to the calibration weight.

At the same time, at this point, the sensor 5 (105) of the boom angle automatically measures and records in the block 3 (103) the correction of the angle value at which the offset is calculated (taking into account the deflection of the boom from the impact of the loaded boom on the crane).

After entering the indicated data, the load should be lowered to the ground, avoiding manipulation with the arrow, to measure the actual reach with the unloaded boom (without the load on the hook), and by block 12 (112) setting the calculated values of the parameters, dial the measured number.

Block 3 (103) correction writes to the “memory" the value of the measured offset. At the same time, at this point of adjustment, the load sensor 1 (101) automatically measures and records in block 3 (103)

correction of the load value from the impact on the sensor of an unloaded boom with a hook.

This is followed by the same type of operation for installing the crane boom in the following angular position, measuring and entering into the “memory” of block 3 (103) the correction of the numerical values of departures without load and under the influence of cargoes of the calibration mass.

Thus, data for calculating corrections and correcting the system readings is entered into the correction block 3 (103). All corrections are stored in the correction unit during the entire operation of the crane (or until re-adjustment).

At the same time, in the block 13 (113) of the boom deflection recording, the difference in the values of the departures is recorded, i.e. deflection of the boom under the influence of cargo calibration mass.

Further, during the operation of the crane and when calculating the departure, the deflection value of the boom (or tower) transmitted by block 13 (113) to block 7 (107) of calculating the departure is scaled by block 4 (104) according to the signals of load sensor 1 (101) and sensor 116 boom lengths.

The signals of all sensors during the working cycle pass block 3 (103) correction and block 13 (113) records the deflection of the boom, in which the corresponding corrections are added to these sensor signals.

The permissible load value is determined by the boom reach and is constantly automatically monitored by sensors 116 and 5 (105) and the functional converter 117 and the take-off calculating unit 7 (107), creating a signal depending on the boom position at the input of the permissible load unit 8 (108), and causing at the output of the block the appearance of a signal of permissible load.

During operation of the crane, the actuators of which are connected to the actuating unit 10 (110), in cases where the signal of the sensor 1 (101) exceeds the actual load and, accordingly, the unit for determining the mass of cargo 2 (102) permissible values determined

the signal of block 8 (108), the comparator 9 (109) is triggered and the corresponding actuators are turned off.

At the same time, the sensors 1 (101), 116, 5 (105) and the functional units of the device generate signals to the indicator 6 (106), creating information backup of the protection device, and the registrar 11 (111) parameters. Recording of the current operating parameters of the crane is carried out for a certain period of time, data is stored during this period, and then updated; these data are used for analysis in the event of an accident.

The crane protection system can be manufactured industrially using modern components and technologies. One skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes are possible in the present utility model. Accordingly, it is assumed that the present utility model covers the indicated modifications and changes, as well as their equivalents, without departing from the essence and scope of the utility model disclosed in the attached utility model formula.

Claims (2)

1. The protection system of a jib boom crane with a shunting boom, comprising load and boom angle sensors, a parameter indicator and series-connected permissible load setting unit, a comparator and an executive unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the parameter logger, characterized in that a unit for recording calculated values of parameters, a correction unit, a unit for determining the mass of a load, a scaling unit, a unit for variable coefficients, a switch, a unit for recording the deflection of the boom and a unit are introduced calculating the departure, while the output of the load sensor is connected to the first inputs of the load mass determination unit, the correction unit and the scaling unit, the output of the boom angle sensor is connected to the second input of the correction unit, the first input of the parameter indicator and the first input of the departure calculation unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the unit for setting the permissible load, the output of the unit for recording the calculated values of the parameters is connected to the third input of the correction unit, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the mass determination unit gr the link, and the second output, through the boom deflection recording unit, to the second input of the departure calculating unit, the input of the variable coefficient unit is connected to the switch, and the output to the second input of the scaling unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the boom deflection recording unit, the output of the determination unit the mass of the load is connected to the second input of the comparator, the second input of the parameter logger and the second input of the parameter indicator, the third input of which is connected to the output of the allowable load setting unit, and the fourth input to the output of the unit departure calculation, the output of the boom angle sensor is also connected to the third input of the parameter logger, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the load sensor, the fifth input - with the output of the comparator, the sixth input - with the output of the allowable load setting unit, and the seventh output - with the output of the calculation unit Departure 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a boom length sensor and a functional converter, while the output of the boom length sensor is connected to the fourth input of the correction unit and to the first input of the functional converter, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the correction unit, and the output goes to the third input of the scaling unit, the third input of the departure calculation unit, to the fifth input of the parameter indicator and to the eighth input of the parameter recorder.