RU5297U1 - DEVICE FOR PROTECTING A RADIO ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT AGAINST SHORT VOLTAGE VOLTAGE IN AC NETWORK - Google Patents

Description

construction for zaitsy electronic device from short-term overvoltage in the AC power network

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, and in particular, to protection devices for electronic devices connected to an alternating current network.

It is known that in an alternating current network with a voltage of 22O (127) volts high-frequency overvoltages up to 5 ° V and more occur, short-term pulses with an amplitude of more than 1 kV are possible. These surges, passing through a power source, can damage semiconductor devices and microcircuits or cause malfunctions in electronic devices.

To prevent overvoltage, special circuits are used with gas arresters, varistors, zener diodes. But all these devices have a large interelectrode capacitance, limiting their use at high frequencies (V.A. Kolosov, Power supply of stationary radio-electronic equipment. Moscow, Radio and communication, 1992, p. 111).

Therefore, to protect electronic devices from high-frequency overvoltages, voltage limiters (restrictive diodes), which have high-frequency properties, are used in the power supply network. Voltage limiters break through if a voltage is applied to them that exceeds the value of their breakdown voltage. A device for protecting an electronic device from overvoltage in the power supply using voltage limiters (prototype) is described.

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for example, in the Handbook of Electronic GIBs for the Protection of CEA from Electrical Overloads, authors V.P. Cherepanov, A.K. Khrulev and M.P. Bludov, Moscow, Radio and Communications, 1994 (p. 42, Fig. 1O. 6.

The device for 8a11 | electronic equipment from short-term p) voltages in the alternating current network contains two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite to each other and connected to a non-conducting wire through which the supply voltage is supplied to the device. When an overvoltage appears in the network, one | -1 -1 of the voltage limiters is in the conductive state $ 1, and the other breaks through. The current passing through the voltage limiter creates a significant voltage drop on the internal resistance of the network, which leads to a decrease in the output voltage of the network, while the device powered by this network is protected.

However, upon failure of one of the voltage limiters (an open in it, for example, during a short circuit due to a large current), the power supply to the device will not be disturbed, but the device will be deprived of surge protection. A malfunction in the protection device is thus not detected immediately and therefore not eliminated51. This reduces the reliability of electronic equipment.

In the proposed utility model, the technical task of increasing the reliability of electronic equipment is described. In addition, more favorable operating conditions for electronic equipment are provided.

The essence of the claimed useful mode / 1 is that a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC gtting network

contains two voltage limiters, connected in series and opposite to each other and connected between the conductors, through which the supply voltage to the electronic device is supplied (the distinguishing features of the utility model follow), while it contains an LED and two resistors, the resistors being connected in series and connected to conductors that supply power to the electronic device, and the LED is connected between the connection point of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistor , The polarity of the output of the LED is connected to the junction of voltage limiters, opposite polarity terminals of interconnected voltage limiters.

In the second version of the device for protecting the electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC power network, it contains two voltage limiters, connected in series and opposite each other and connected between the conductors that supply the voltage to the electronic device (hereinafter, the distinguishing features of another option utility model) at the same time it contains a current sensor with an output, two resistors and an actuating unit with a control input, and the resistors are connected in series tion and are connected to the conductors which supply voltage is supplied to the radio-electronic device, said current sensor is connected between the junction point voltage limiters and point compound resistors, and the output of said current sensor is connected to upravl5pon | him entry actuating unit.

In addition, in the second embodiment of the device, said current sensor can be made in the form of an optocoupler consisting of an LED and a photocell, the LED being connected between the point

the connection of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistors, the polarity of the output terminal of the LED connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters is opposite to the polarity of the voltage limiter terminals connected to each other, and the output of the photocell is the output of the specified sensor.

In addition, in the second embodiment of the device, the current sensor can be made in the form of an electromagnetic relay, the winding of which is connected between the connection point of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistors, and the contacts of the electromagnetic relay are the output of the specified sensor.

In the third version of the device for protecting the electronic device from short-term energization in the AC power network, it contains two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite each other and connected between the conductors, through which the voltage to the electronic gfibor is supplied, (the distinguishing features of the third option follow models) at the same time it contains the first and second LEDs and the first and second resistors, the first resistor and the first LED are connected in series and about They indicate the LED circuit, the second resistor and the second LED are connected in series and form the second LED circuit, both LED circuits being connected in series and connected to the conductors that supply the voltage to the electronic device, while the first and second LEDs are turned on one against the other, and the point the connection of the LED circuits is connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters, and the polarity of the conclusions of the LEDs connected directly or through resistors to the connection point of the voltage limiters, opposite polarities

interconnected terminals of the voltage limiter.

In the fourth embodiment of the device for protecting the electronic device from short-term overvoltage in the AC power network, it contains two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite each other and connected between the conductors, through which the supply voltage to the electronic device is supplied (the following are the distinguishing features of the fourth embodiment useful models) in this case, it contains the first and second current sensors with outputs and an actuating unit with control inputs 11 |, the first and second sensors t Single connected in series and connected between the conductors, which receives a supply voltage to the radio-electronic device, wherein the connection point voltage limiters connected to a point of the current sensors of the compound and the outputs of the first and second current sensors are connected to the inputs upravlyanntsim actuator assembly.

In addition, in the fourth embodiment of the device, said first and second current sensors are made in the form of optocouplers consisting of LEDs and photocells, the LEDs of the current sensors are connected in series and counterclockwise between the conductors that supply the voltage to the electronic device, the polarity of the connected terminals of the LEDs is opposite to the polarity of the connected between the terminals of the voltage limiters, the connection point of the LEDs is connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters, and the photocells are connected assigned to the control inputs of the executive unit.

, # 4 relays, the windings of which are connected in series and connected between conductors that supply power to the electronic device, the connection point of the electromagnetic relay windings is connected to the connection point of voltage limiters, and the contacts of the electromagnetic relay are connected to the control inputs of the actuator.

In addition, in the second, third and fourth versions of the device, the actuating unit can be made in the form of a sound signal source.

In addition, in the second, third and fourth versions of the device, the actuator may include a circuit for disconnecting the power supply from the electronic device after a signal from the specified sensor is received at the control input of the actuator.

The proposed device for protecting a radio electronic device from briefly} overvoltages in the AC power supply network according to 51CH5 are as follows.

Figure 1 shows a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC power network using a single LED.

FIG. 2 shows the luminous flux of the LED shown in FIG. 1, from current.

Fig. 3 shows a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term surges in an AC power network using a single current sensor.

Figure 4 shows a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term changes of 5 speeds in an AC power supply using one optocoupler.

the device against short-term overvoltages in the AC power network using one electromagnetic relay.

On Fig. A device has been shown to protect the electronic device from short-term overvoltage in the AC power network using two LEDs.

7 shows a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC power network using two current sensors.

On Fig shows a device for protecting the electronic device from short-term overvoltage in the AC power network using two optocouplers.

Figure 9 shows a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC power network using two electromagnetic relays.

On Fig. U shows a device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltage in the AC power network using two electromagnetic relays that disconnect the power supply 1e from the electronic device.

Designations

1-AC power supply;

2-electronic device;

3-voltage limiter;

4-conductors through which 1-n 1e power is supplied

to the electronic device;

5- LED; 8- 910- 11- 12- 1314- 1516171819- 20- 212223242526272829- 30-31- approx. current sensor; current sensor output; executive wael; control input executive unit; optocoupler; optocoupler LED; photocell optocouplers; electromagnetic relay; electromagnetic relay coil; electromagnetic relay contacts; the first LED of the first LED string; second LED of the second LED string; connection point of LED chains; first current sensor; output of the first current sensor; second current sensor; the output of the second current sensor; connection point of current sensors; executive led away with two control inputs; control input executive unit; control input executive unit; optocoupler connection point; connection point of electromagnetic relay coils. Figure 1 shows a device for the protection of electronic ra 2 from stray temporary overvoltages in the power supply network 1 using one LED 5. The ac power supply from the network is supplied by

conductors 4. Limiters 3 are connected in series and counter to each other. They are connected between the conductors 4, through which the supply voltage to the electronic device 2. The resistors 6 are connected in series and connected to the conductors 4, and the LED 5 is connected between the connection point 7 of the voltage limiters and the connection point 8 of the resistors 6. The polarity of the output of the LED 5 is opposite to the polarity of the connected among themselves conclusions of voltage limiters 3.

FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the luminous flux Foa of the LED 5 shown in FIG. 1, from the current Icy flowing through it. The magnitude of the current I g is equal to the effective current flowing through voltage limiters 3 for two half-periods of alternating voltage. In this case, the luminous flux has the value FX- The current through one of the voltage limiters 3 is equal to 1zh. Fig. 3 shows the second version of the device using one current sensor 9. b) the construction according to this option contains two voltage limiters 3 connected in series and opposite each other and connected between the conductors 4. It also contains a current sensor with output Yu, two resistors & and an actuator 11 with a control input 12. Resistors 6 are connected in series and connected to conductors 4, and the current sensor 9 is connected between point 7 s unity voltage limiters 3 and 8 point compound 1D resistor 6. Output current detector 9 connected to the control input 12 of the executive unit 11.

Figure 4 shows a second variant of the device using one optocoupler. The current sensor 9 can be made in the form of an optocoupler 13, consisting of an LED 14 and a photocell 15.

The LED 14 is connected between the connection point 7 of the voltage limiters 3 and the connection point 8 of the resistors 6. The polarity of the output of the LED 14 is opposite to the polarity of the connected terminals of the voltage limiters 3, and the output of the Photocell 15 is the output 1O of the specified sensor 9.

Figure 5 shows a second variant of the device for protecting the electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC power network using one electromagnetic relay 16. The current sensor 9 can be made in the form of an electromagnetic relay 16, the winding 17 of which is connected between the connection point 7 of the voltage limiters 3 and point 8 of the connection of the resistors 6. Contacts 18 of the electromagnetic relay 16 51 are the output 1O of the specified sensor 9.

Figure 6 shows a third embodiment of a device for protecting a radio electronic device against short-term overvoltages in an AC power network using two LEDs. The device contains two voltage limiters 3 connected in series and opposite each other and connected between the conductors 4. It contains the first 19 and second 2O LEDs and the first and second resistors 6. The first resistor 6 and the first LED 19 are connected in series and form the first LED circuit . The second resistor 6 and the second LED 20 are connected in series and form a second LED circuit. Both LED circuits are connected in series and connected to conductors 4. The first 19 and second 2O LEDs are turned on one against the other, and the connection point 21 of the LED circuits is connected to the connection point 7 of the voltage limiters. The polarity of the conclusions of the LEDs 19 and 2O, connected directly or through resistors 6 to the connection point 7

voltage limiters 3, opposite the polarities of the interconnected conclusions of voltage limiters 3.

Fig. 7 shows a quarter embodiment of a device for protecting an electronic device from briefly overvoltage in an AC power supply network. It contains two voltage limiters 3 connected in series and opposite each other and connected between the conductors 4. Also, it contains the first 22 and second 23 current sensors with outputs 23 and 25, respectively, and an actuating unit 27 with control inputs 28 and 29. The first 22 and second 23 current sensors are connected in series and connected between conductors 4. Point 7 of the connection of voltage limiters 3 is connected to point 26 of the connection of current sensors 22 and 23. The outputs 23 and 25 of the first and second current sensors are connected to control inputs 28 and 29 of the node, respectively.

Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the device in which said first and second current sensors are made in the form of optocouplers consisting of LEDs 14 and Photocells 15. The LEDs 14 of the current sensors are connected in series and counter between the conductors 4, the polarity of the connected terminals of the LEDs 14 is opposite to the polarity of the connected between the conclusions of the voltage limiters 3. The connection point of the LEDs ZO is connected to the connection point 7 of the voltage limiters 3, and the photocells 15 are connected to the control inputs 28 and 29 of the executor node 27.

Fig. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the device in which said first and second current sensors are made in the form of electromagnetic relays 16, the windings of 17 of which are connected in series and connected between the conductors 4. The connection point 31 of the windings 17 of the electromagnetic relay 16 is connected to

-11 point 7 of the connection of voltage limiters 3, and the contacts 18 of the electromagnetic relay 16 are connected to the control inputs of 28 and 27 of the Executive node 27.

Figure 10 shows a device for protecting the electronic receiver from short-term overvoltages in the AC power network using two electromagnetic relays 16, the contacts of which 18 are directly connected to the conductors 4 supplying power to the electronic device 2.

In the second, third and fourth versions of the device, the actuating unit can be made in the form of a sound signal source on. not shown).

In the second, third and fourth versions of the device, the actuator may include a circuit for disconnecting the power supply from the electronic device after the signal from the sensor is received at the control input of the actuating unit (not shown in Fig.).

The work of the proposed device

The AC supply voltage from the network 1 flows through the conductors 4 of Fig. 1) to the radio electronic device 2. During normal operation of the AC power supply network, one of the voltage limiters 3, included in the npsiMOM direction in this half-cycle, conducts current, and the second of voltage limiters 3, included counter to the first, is closed. In the second half-cycle, the second of the voltage limiters 3 conducts current, and the first of them is closed. The voltage at point 7 is almost equal to the mains voltage, the effective current Ix passes through the LED 5 over two half-periods (Fig. 2), which corresponds to the luminous flux Ft emitted by it. For short

overvoltage in the power supply network over current exceeding the permissible reverse voltage of voltage limiters 3, one of them, turned on in the forward direction, conducts current, and the second, turned on in the opposite direction to the first, breaks through, while network 1 is short-circuited.

If one of the voltage limiters 3 fails (for example, with a longer overvoltage action, the voltage limiter 3 blows out), the effective current 1g through the LED 5 decreases by half (the current goes only half a period through the undamaged, second voltage limiter 3), while the light flux Fca LED 5 is almost zero. Thus, an indication of the malfunction of the device for protecting the electronic device is carried out and the operator can take the necessary actions.

The second embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 3 uses a current sensor 9, which gives a signal at the output when the current flowing through the sensor is halved. If one of the voltage limiters 3 at the output 1O fails, connected to the control input 12 of the actuating unit 11 , a signal appears at the control input 12 of the actuating unit 11. The actuating unit 11 provides a signal to the operator, user or computer about the malfunction that has occurred. The signal may be light, sound or current. The following describes the operation of two possible current sensors.

Shown on 4ig. 4, the second version of the device uses a current sensor in the form of an optocoupler 13. If one of the voltage limiters 3 fails, the effective current through the LED 14 decreases by half, while the photocell 15 changes the resistance at the input 12 of the actuating unit 11. This change

There is an actuation of the actuating angle 11, which produces the above signal.

Shown in FIG. 5, the second version of the device uses a current sensor in the form of an electromagnetic relay 16. If one of the voltage limiters 3 fails, the effective current through the netting 17 is reduced by half, while the contacts 18 are opened (or closed). The resistance at the input 12 of the Executive node 11 is changed. This change triggers the actuation unit 11, which provides the above signal to the operator.

In the third embodiment of the device (Fig. 6), the current passing through the first LED circuit (first resistor 6 and the first LED 19) passes through the lower (in Fig.) Voltage limiter 3, and the current passing through the second LED circuit (second resistor 6 and the second LED 2O), passes through the upper (in Fig. 6) voltage limiter 3. If the upper voltage limiter 3 fails, the second LED 2O ceases to light. If the lower voltage limiter 3 fails, the first LED 19 turns off. Thus, the operator receives information about the failure of the voltage limiter 3, and its position in the device is also indicated.

In the fourth embodiment of the device (Fig. 7), the effective current passing through the first 22 and second 24 current sensors depends on the health of the voltage limiters 3. If at least one of the voltage limiters 3 fails (let it be the lower limiter 3 in FIG. 7), the signal from the output 23 of the current sensor 22 ceases to be supplied to the control input 28 of the actuating unit 27. The signal from the output 25 of the current sensor 24

arrives at the control input 29 of the Executive node 27. This combination of signals is recognized by the Executive node 27, which gives the corresponding signal (or signals) to the operator.

In FIG. the operation of the current sensors is shown when they are made in the form of optocouplers consisting of LEDs 14 and Photocells 15. The LEDs 14 of the current sensors emit light when current passes through the corresponding voltage limiter 3. If the voltage limiter 3 fails, the LED 14 stops emit, the corresponding photocell 15 creates a change at the input 28 (or 29) of the actuating unit 27, which entails aa issuing the above signal (or signals) to the operator.

In FIG. 9, the operation of current sensors is shown when they are executed in the form of electromagnetic relays 16. When current flows through the relay windings 17, contacts 18 are closed (or open). If one igniter of voltage limiters 3 blows out (for example, lower voltage limiter 3 in Fig. 9), the current flows only through the winding of the lower electromagnetic relay 16, and the upper electromagnetic relay 16 is de-energized. Its contacts 18 open (or close), at the inputs 28 and 29 of the actuating unit 27, a change occurs, which entails the issuance of the above signal or signals) to the operator.

In FIG. 1O shows the operation of the device for the direct protection of the electronic device from short-term overvoltages in the AC power supply using two electromagnetic relays 16. When the total current 1 g (Fig. 2) passes through the windings 17, the contacts 18 are closed. If one of the voltage limiters 3 fails, the current through the windings 17 is reduced by half (to a value of 1g) and electromagnetic

/

-15 relay 16 is released. Contacts 13 open, the power supply circuit to the device 2 breaks.

From the point of view of industrial feasibility of the proposed model, it can be manufactured using widely used elements: voltage limiters, LEDs, electromagnetic relays, optoelectronic pairs and resistors. It does not require special devices, it is easily debugged. If necessary, the manufacture and assembly of the device is easily automated.

Claims (10)

1. A device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in an alternating current power supply network, comprising two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite each other and connected between conductors, through which the power supply to the electronic device is supplied, characterized in that it contains an LED and two a resistor, and the resistors are connected in series and connected to conductors, through which the supply voltage to the electronic device is supplied, and the LED is connected to I am waiting for the connection point of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistors, and the polarity of the output of the LED connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters is opposite to the polarity of the interconnected terminals of the voltage limiters.  2. A device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in an AC power supply network, comprising two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite each other and connected between conductors, through which the voltage to the electronic device is supplied, characterized in that it contains a current sensor with an output, two resistors and an executive unit with a control input, and the resistors are connected in series and connected to conductors, through which the supply voltage to electronic device, the specified current sensor is connected between the connection point of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistors, and the output of the specified current sensor is connected to the control input of the Executive node.  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the current sensor is made in the form of an optocoupler consisting of an LED and a photocell, the LED being connected between the connection point of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistors, the polarity of the output of the LED connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters, opposite the polarity of the interconnected conclusions of the voltage limiters, and the output of the photocell is the output of the specified sensor.  4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the current sensor is made in the form of an electromagnetic relay, the winding of which is connected between the connection point of the voltage limiters and the connection point of the resistors, and the contacts of the electromagnetic relay are the output of the specified sensor.  5. A device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in an alternating current power supply network, comprising two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite to each other and connected between conductors, through which a voltage is supplied to the electronic device, characterized in that it contains the first and second LEDs and the first and second resistors, the first resistor and the first LED are connected in series and form the first LED circuit, the second resistor and the second LED connected in series and form a second LED circuit, both LED circuits connected in series and connected to conductors that supply power to the electronic device, while the first and second LEDs are turned on one against the other, and the connection point of the LED circuits is connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters moreover, the polarities of the terminals of the LEDs connected directly or through resistors to the connection point of the voltage limiters are opposite to the floor the brightness of the interconnected terminals of the voltage limiters.  6. A device for protecting a radio electronic device from short-term overvoltages in an alternating current power supply network, comprising two voltage limiters connected in series and opposite each other and connected between conductors, through which the voltage to the electronic device is supplied, characterized in that it contains the first and second current sensors with outputs and an actuating unit with control inputs, the first and second current sensors are connected in series and connected between conductors, through which there is a supply voltage to the electronic device, and the connection point of the voltage limiters is connected to the connection point of the current sensors, and the outputs of the first and second current sensors are connected to the control inputs of the actuating unit.  7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second current sensors are made in the form of optocouplers consisting of LEDs and photocells, the LEDs of the current sensors are connected in series and counter between the conductors, through which the supply voltage to the electronic device, the polarity of the connected terminals LEDs are opposite the polarity of the interconnected terminals of the voltage limiters, the connection point of the LEDs is connected to the connection point of the voltage limiters, and the photocells are connected to the control yayuschim inputs of the actuator assembly.  8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second current sensors are made in the form of electromagnetic relays, the windings of which are connected in series and connected between the conductors, through which the supply voltage to the electronic device is supplied, the connection point of the electromagnetic relay windings is connected to the connection point voltage limiters, and the contacts of the electromagnetic relay are connected to the control inputs of the Executive node.  9. The device according to claims 2 to 4 and 6 to 8, characterized in that the actuating unit is made in the form of a sound signal source.  10. The device according to claims 2 to 4 and 6 to 8, characterized in that the actuating unit comprises a circuit for disconnecting the power supply from the electronic device after a signal from the sensor is received at the control input of the actuating unit.