RU52647U1 - HYDROACOUSTIC SOFTWARE AND TECHNICAL COMPLEX FOR TAKING ACCOUNT OF VALUABLE VALUABLE SPECIES OF FISH "NetCor-1" - Google Patents

Abstract

A useful model of a hydroacoustic software and hardware complex for recording valuable species of fish “NetCor-1” passing for spawning is proposed. A vertical location scheme is used using a set of two-frequency hydroacoustic antennas in the river section, with sounding direction from both the surface to the bottom and from the bottom to the surface to more fully account for passing targets. Management of the system, the collection, storage and processing of data is carried out by a coastal computerized control and measuring system using specialized software. Tasks to be solved: - selection of single and group targets that passed through a scanned river section; - echo counting of single fish passing through a scanned section of the river; - integration of the echo from group targets to estimate the number of fish in them; - determination of the direction of movement of targets in gradations down or upstream; - determination of spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution of the flow of rising fish; - an objective and methodically correct interpretation of recorded single and group targets in the number of fish passing through the river section during the observation period. The use of two-frequency serial hydroacoustic antennas allows you to change the direction of the antennas, and as a result, the width of the registration zone. The proposed scheme allows one to correctly interpret some of the features of hydroacoustic registration of single objects that are characteristic of this class of problems, known as registration of group targets by spaced measuring systems. Such features include the possibility of multiple registration of one target with the same meter and the possibility of multiple registration of the same target with different meters. The purpose of the complex is a quantitative assessment of stocks of valuable fish in rivers in order to regulate fishing, a means of assessing possible environmental damage during the design, construction and operation of various crossings (pipelines, cables, bridges, etc.) across rivers with valuable fish populations.

Description

Technical field

Quantitative assessment of stocks of valuable fish in rivers in order to regulate fishing, a means of assessing possible environmental damage during the design, construction and operation of various crossings (pipelines, cables, bridges, etc.) through rivers with valuable fish populations.

State of the art

The prior art is illustrated by the following solutions:

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1242083, 1985. A device for the selective counting of fish in a stream of water, having a hydroacoustic antenna. A single-channel decision of the transceiver path narrows the area of the accounting zone.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 352431, 1972, a device for counting fish, having several sonar transducers with amplifiers, a selector unit and detectors. Rigid mounting of the surface and bottom antennas was provided, which excluded the possibility of using the device at an arbitrary point in the reservoir. In addition, the number of channels in the selector block was equal to the estimated number of fish swimming in parallel, which made the device obviously not universal.

3. Yakovlev S. G., Putivkin S. V. Fish accounting system for salmon farming. “Fisheries and fisheries”, No. 1, 2002, pp. 52-53. The article describes the single-frequency hydroacoustic fish counting devices RSU-1 and RSU-2, which provide for the use of a set of hydroacoustic antennas for scanning the river section and counting passing fish. Only the bottom arrangement of antennas is provided.

All these systems did not have a software component, they were single-frequency, i.e. they did not have the ability to quickly change the registration zone and did not take into account the peculiarities of hydroacoustic registration of single objects that are characteristic of this class of problems, known as registration of group targets by spaced measuring systems. Such features include the possibility of multiple registration of one target with the same meter and the possibility of multiple registration of the same target with different meters, which can lead to a systematic bias in the quantitative estimates of the number of fish passing through the scanned section of the river.

Disclosure of useful technology

The utility model provides for scanning a river section according to a vertical location scheme using a set of two-frequency hydroacoustic antennas, with sounding direction from both the surface to the bottom and from the bottom to the surface to more fully account for passing targets. Tasks solved by the model:

- selection of single and group targets that have passed through a scanned section of the river;

- echo counting of single fish passing through a scanned section of the river;

- integration of the echo from group targets to assess the number of fish in them:

- determination of the direction of movement of targets in gradations down or upstream;

- determination of spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution of the flow of rising fish;

- an objective and methodically correct interpretation of recorded single and group targets in the number of fish passing through the river section during the observation period.

Management of the system, the collection, storage and processing of data is carried out by a coastal computerized control and measuring system using specialized software. Serial hydroacoustic antennas are installed on the bottom and floating platforms in the selected section of the river and are connected by signal cables to the coastal computerized control and measuring system. The on-shore computerized control and measuring system consists of a software-controlled analog multiplexer, a dual-frequency (50 and 200 kHz)

generator-receiver, laptop computer. The scanning mode of the river section is determined by program-defined parameters:

- the frequency of the generator;

- operating frequency (50 or 200 kHz) of the generator;

- the pulse duration of the generator;

- the sequence of the survey set of two-frequency sonar recorders.

The use of two-frequency serial hydroacoustic antennas allows you to change the direction of the antennas, and as a result, the width of the registration zone. The proposed scheme allows one to correctly interpret some of the features of hydroacoustic registration of single objects that are characteristic of this class of problems, known as registration of group targets by spaced measuring systems. Such features include the possibility of multiple registration of one target with the same meter and the possibility of multiple registration of the same target with different meters.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The general block diagram of the hydroacoustic software and hardware complex for recording valuable species of fish NetCor-1 passing for spawning is represented by sketches in figures 1 and 2.

The dual-frequency (50 and 200 kHz) generator-receiver operates in a receive-transmit cycle with parameters programmable by a computer (repetition rate, operating frequency, pulse duration). A software-controlled multiplexer with a computer-defined polling sequence switches the elements of a set of dual-frequency sonar antennas. Thus, a selected section of the river is scanned for the purpose of hydroacoustic recording of fish passing for spawning. The laptop computer controls the multiplexer and the dual-frequency (50 and 200 kHz) receiver-generator, visualizes the registered targets in the form of a moving echogram and stores the digitized envelope of the echo signal for subsequent cameral processing. The location of antennas on the bottom and floating platforms makes it possible to record bottom and near-surface targets with a higher probability. Signal cables from the bottom platforms go along the bottom of the river. The acoustic axes of the antennas on the bottom and floating platforms are deviated from the vertical in order to determine the direction

movement of targets in gradations down or upstream. The diagram for determining the direction of the target’s movement in gradations up and downstream along the registered track in the registration zone is shown in Figure 3. Obviously, in the case considered in FIG. 3, when R ₂ > R ₁ > R _{0, the} fish moves against the current, and vice versa. In the utility model in question, the indicated distance change is tracked programmatically.

Utility Model Implementation

The rational use of renewable biological resources implies the limitation of fishing, which requires effective and renewable knowledge about the state of stock of the exploited resource. The existing scheme for quantifying the status of the stock of migratory fish in rivers is based (mainly) on the analysis of commercial seizure and population structure according to control fishing data. The reliability of the fishery statistics data in Russia is low, especially in conditions of developing market relations, the results of control fishing, which, in fact, are the data of sample studies, are often fragmented and unrepresentative due to limited resources. In the community of experts assessing fish stocks and regulating their fishing, there is growing interest in the development and implementation of instrumental, including hydroacoustic, methods in quantitative practice.

The hydro-acoustic software and hardware complex for recording valuable spawning fish species NetCor-1 will be used to quantify the stocks of valuable fish in rivers to regulate fishing and as a means of assessing possible environmental damage in the design, construction and operation of various crossings (pipelines , cables, bridges, etc.) across rivers with valuable fish populations. Objects - the Onega river (Arkhangelsk region), salmon and the Barguzin river (Republic of Buryatia), omul.

The main parameters of the utility model:

- the range of recorded single targets for target strength from -50 to -25 dB, for the acoustic cross-section of backscattering from 1.3е ^-4 to 4е ^-2 m ² , the maximum detection range of a single target is 40 m, the minimum detection range of a single target from the antenna surface 1m;

- the through dynamic range of the analog path from the hydroacoustic antenna to the analog-to-digital converter is at least 85 dB;

- ADC sampling frequency of at least 40 kHz;

- bit conversion is not less than 14 bits;

- the number of independent registration channels - up to 32;

- electric power of the generated pulse at the antenna is not less than 300 W;

- the maximum length of signal cables from the antenna to the multiplexer is 200 m;

- System management and data collection software is being developed for the IBM platform of a compatible laptop computer running Windows 98 ... XP;

- Office data processing software is being developed for the IBM platform of a compatible computer running Windows 98 ... XP;

- electric power supply of the system in the field - 220 volts of alternating current, power consumption no more than 500 W;

- the time of continuous round-the-clock work during the period of monitoring spawning for at least two months.

- disk space consumption for data storage during the spawning monitoring period of not more than 20 mb per hour per channel, it is possible to save data files using OS tools on external media (MO, ZIP, CDRW, DVD, etc.);

- maximum flow velocity in the selected river section for observation - 6 m / s;

- the installation of floating and bottom recorders should not interfere with amateur and commercial shipping in the selected river section for observation.

The figure 4 presents the experimental echogram obtained using a utility model from a passing fish under a stationary sonar antenna.

Claims (1)

A two-frequency hydroacoustic software and hardware complex for estimating the number and direction of movement (in gradations up and downstream) of valuable species of fish that have spawned, characterized in that it includes a set of two-frequency serial hydroacoustic antennas installed in the direction from the surface to the bottom and in direction from the bottom to the surface on anchored bottom and floating surface platforms and connected by signal cables to a coastal computerized control and measuring system, including a second program-controlled analog multiplexer, a dual-frequency (50 kHz and 200) generator-receiver, laptop computer, specialized software for collection, storage, analysis and visualization of data a digital representation of the envelope of the echo signal.