RU51861U1 - DEVICE FOR TESTING DURABILITY OF SEALS OF DEFECTIVE TEETH - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the dental testing technique to determine the strength characteristics of fillings of defective teeth. The device comprises a test tooth, a load generating unit, an antagonist tooth attached to the base with the possibility of vertical movement and consisting of four longitudinal segments, while four pressure sensors are respectively located between the segments of the antagonist tooth and the base. The outputs of the pressure sensors are respectively connected to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the electronic unit for collecting and digitizing measurement information, the output of which is connected to the input of the computer, and the fifth input is connected to the output of the ultrasonic sensor for detecting the beginning of the destruction of a tooth seal. An ultrasonic sensor is placed on the mounting block of the defective tooth and in mechanical contact with the seal, while the input of the load forming unit is connected to the output of the computer. The technical result is the automation of tests, increasing their accuracy and expanding the range of information received.

Description

The invention relates to dental testing equipment and can be used to select adhesive systems for filling carious cavities, as well as in determining the strength characteristics and fracture kinetics of wide class samples.

A known method for assessing the state and effectiveness of filling hard tissues of a tooth [Patent R.F. No. 2112427 dated 10/06/98, IPC A 61 B 6/00. Assessment of the state and effectiveness of filling hard tooth tissues / M.T. Aleksandrov, S.Yu. Kozma, I.M.Taubinsky et al.], Including the formation of the cavity of the tested defective tooth, filling it with filling material, polishing the surface obtained, determining the state and effectiveness of the filling by the size of the gap (arising from poor-quality fillings) between the tooth and the filling by evaluating the fluorescence of the photochrome introduced into the gap (for example, photosens) when recording with the infrared spectrophotometer about reflection from the polished surface of the radiation seals helium-neon laser. The disadvantage of this method is that the strength of fillings of defective teeth is judged without forming a load on the defective tooth and only by the quality of the marginal fit of the fill on its external polished surface.

Known installation for testing materials for contact endurance [A. USSR No. 1536264 dated 01.15.90, IPC G 01 N 3/56. Installation for testing materials for contact endurance / S.G. Kostogryz, V.VKovalevsky, V.G. Kaplun and others], containing a housing, three parallel shafts mounted on supports in the same plane, the middle of which is designed to accommodate the sample material, and two extreme - for pressure counter samples, a loading device and a pulsator to create a cyclic load on the sample. The disadvantages of the device are the inability

test automation due to the lack of a sensor onset of fracture of the sample, the complexity of the installation.

A known method for diagnosing the condition of the dentofacial system [RF Patent No. 2139881 from 10.10.99, IPC A 61 V 5/00. A method for diagnosing the state of the dentofacial system /P.M. Mulyukov, L.M. Bakusov]. A device for implementing this method comprises a dosed shock device, a sensitive element (a miniature microphone that receives a tooth vibration responsive to the tooth and mechanically connected to the tooth), an information amplification and conversion device, an information analysis and presentation device (the computer being used as such), the analysis is carried out by comparing the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the studied tooth with either a reference (typical for a healthy tooth, taking into account age and diagnosis) or with metric tooth of the same patient (if you know that he is healthy). The disadvantage of this device is the inability to determine the strength characteristics of fillings of defective teeth.

Closest to the claimed is a device for testing the teeth of the wheels [A.S. USSR No. 815559 of 03.23.81, IPC G 01 M 13/02. A device for testing the teeth of the wheels / O.I. Kuzmenkov, O.V. Berestnev, MP Biryukov]. The device is a unit for generating the load on the test tooth and contains a shaft connected to the drive, a multidisciplinary cam mounted on it (sections of the working surface of which are identical to the working surface of the tooth mating with the subject), a cam eccentricity regulator relative to the shaft, a static load generating mechanism (directed perpendicular to the axis of the shaft and the contact line of the interacting surfaces), a pulsator (interacting with the shaft in a plane perpendicular to the increase in static load), in this case, to carry out strength tests, the test tooth is supported by the vertex zone under the cam working surface using a support and loaded with the required load from the mechanism

static loading and by setting the appropriate cam eccentricity, then when the cam rotates from the drive shaft, the side profile of the test tooth is loaded through the cam protrusions with a variable cyclic load, and the oscillatory cam movement set by the pulsator (in a plane perpendicular to the plane of static load application) simulates the process during testing slippage of the test tooth in the engagement zone. The disadvantages of the device are the use of a non-universal, replaceable (interfaced only with the profile of the tested tooth) cam for tooth testing, the inability to automate testing due to the lack of a tooth decay start sensor, as well as the lack of information about the actual load on various tooth sections during the test, low measurement accuracy .

The objective of the invention is the automation of tests, improving their accuracy, as well as expanding the range of information received.

The problem is solved in that an antagonist tooth is inserted into the device containing the test tooth, the load generating unit, attached to the base with the possibility of vertical movement and consisting of four longitudinal segments, while four pressure sensors are respectively located between the segments of the antagonist tooth and the base, outputs which are respectively connected to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the electronic unit for collecting and digitizing measurement information, the output of which is connected to the input of the computer, and the fifth the input is connected to the output of the ultrasonic sensor for detecting the beginning of the destruction of the filling of a defective tooth located on the mounting block of the defective tooth and in mechanical contact with the seal, while the input of the load forming unit is connected to the output of the computer.

The structural diagram of the device for testing the strength of fillings of defective teeth is shown in figure 1, figure 2 is a timing chart from a pressure sensor to a segment of the antagonist tooth.

The device contains a tested defective tooth 1 with a seal 2, a block 3 of its attachment to the device 4 forming a load on a defective

tooth, four segments of the antagonist tooth 5 with pressure sensors 6, an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the onset of destruction of a seal 7, an electronic unit 8 for collecting and digitizing measurement information, a computer 9.

The device operates as follows. According to a given program, the computer controls the block 4 of the formation of the load on the defective tooth, which creates a varying pressure on the tooth 1 (in particular, block 4 may be a block of the load formation of the prototype).

The upper antagonist tooth is sawn into four segments 5, each of which has the ability to move in a small range (~ 0-3 mm) in the vertical direction with its subsequent fixation in order to create local pressure in the studied area of the defective tooth. Between segments 5 of the antagonist tooth and the base of the device, 4 pressure measuring sensors are fixed 6. Analog pressure information for each segment 5 is digitized by an analog-to-digital converter of block 8 and fed to the computer 9. The computer can program different loads on the defective tooth 1 and record all measuring information about the load on the filling 2 using four measuring pressure sensors 6, mounted on each of the four segments of the antagonist tooth. In the event of a crack between the filling and the defective tooth, at the beginning of acoustic emission, the ultrasonic sensor 6 registers the beginning of the destruction of the filling 2 [Ultrasound. Little Encyclopedia. Chap. ed. I.P. Golyamin. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1979. - S. 391-393].

The device has the following advantages. Firstly, by means of vertical movements of the four segments of the antagonist adjustable tooth, it is possible to select the same pressure on them (and thereby, pair with any defective tooth), and you can also create local pressure in any part of the defective tooth, i.e. comprehensively investigate the process of destruction of the filling when simulating the chewing process. Secondly, measuring pressure sensors (for example, strain gages) allow you to receive information about the actual load on various

areas of a defective tooth in order to study the strength of fillings. Thirdly, the unit for forming the load on the defective tooth allows you to simulate the mastication process and automatically, in the vertical and horizontal planes, carry out all kinds of loads on the defective tooth (according to the maximum value of the load, in the form of its change in time (sinusoidal, rectangular, trapezoidal, special etc.)). Fourth, the ultrasound sensor allows the beginning of acoustic emission to detect the beginning of the destruction of the seal and thereby increase the accuracy of the tests, as well as to automate them. Fifth, a computer, according to a specially developed program, automatically processes the experimental data, controls the dynamics of the chewing process (pressure amplitude, the form of its change over time, pressure on any segment of the tooth), and also considers the total number of chewing movements until the seal is destroyed.

Claims (1)

A device for testing the strength of fillings of defective teeth containing a test tooth, a load generating unit, characterized in that an antagonist tooth is inserted, which is mounted to the base with the possibility of vertical movement and consists of four longitudinal segments, while between the segments of the antagonist tooth and the base are respectively located four pressure sensors, the outputs of which are respectively connected to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the electronic unit for collecting and digitizing measurement information, output d which is connected to the input of a computer, while the fifth input is connected to the output of the ultrasonic detection sensor start destruction defective seal tooth disposed on the block fixing defective tooth and in mechanical contact with the seal, the input unit generating a load connected to the output of a computer.