RU51043U1 - VICTORIA FOUNDATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The wide distribution of monolithic housing construction provides the opportunity to erect buildings with a complicated configuration in plan and a variety of space-planning solutions. Such structural systems can reduce technical and economic indicators reduced to one square meter compared to conventional, for example, even prefabricated structures: labor input - 10-15%, capital investment in the construction of structures - up to 15%, steel consumption - up to 30%, cement - up to 10%. The proposed construction of the foundation of the building meets modern requirements and consists of structural bearing elements: foundation slab - 1 (Fig. 1.); columns - 2; stiffeners - 3; metal rods - 4. The foundation design differs from analogues in that, in order to increase operational reliability, the columns are passed through a thin piecewise-curved foundation plate to a design depth and abut against metal rods that rise up and form a metal network over the foundation plate that carries out the supporting functions . The purpose of the invention is to increase operational reliability is achieved by a multiple margin of safety of the structure due to the use of high-strength materials and their effective use - which allows us to make the construction of the foundation while minimizing material consumption compared to traditional solutions. The possibility of progressive collapse in emergency situations for this type of foundation is ruled out by the absence of local independent elements of the "base-foundation-building" system (such as, for example, subsidence of one pile that could lead to catastrophic consequences.). The entire foundation is considered as a single joint deformable with the assumption of a multiple margin of safety, the inclusion of the closest elements in case of accidental disconnection of any. The system under consideration is inertial and does not respond to sharp local changes, for example, soil conditions. The "grid" remains operational if it breaks, shuts down even not one, but several of the often located working "cells". The technology for the construction of the proposed foundation design is simple - in a high-strength "network" - 4 columns laid on a figuredly processed soil surface rest against columns and all this is concreted into one spatial structure (Fig. 2).

Description

Foundations on a natural basis are divided into: tape - in the form of parallel and cross; slab - in the form of ribbed or beam-free plates; box-shaped - one, two floors high; freestanding - for low-rise buildings. In this case, foundations in the form of plates are used, as a rule, in buildings of large number of storeys in order to increase the bearing and operational reliability.

The slab foundations of buildings differ in many design solutions. The most frequent applications are monolithic flat slab foundations in the form of a large-sized structure for the entire building or on its local sections in the form of separate or cross tapes.

It is known that flat slabs in comparison with ribbed ones, although they have an increased consumption of concrete (up to 20%) and steel (up to 15-25%), make it possible to carry out construction work on the foundation using industrial methods, significantly reducing construction, laboriousness, and reducing the volume of formwork (practically do not require formwork), greatly simplify the reinforcing work.

The wide distribution of monolithic housing construction opens up prospects for the use of structures with spatial stiffness cores for multi-story construction (the speed of building a core reaches 3-4 meters per day). These structural systems provide the opportunity to erect buildings with a complicated configuration in plan and a variety of space-planning solutions. Such structural systems can reduce technical and economic indicators reduced to one square meter compared to conventional, for example, even prefabricated structures: labor input - 10-15%, capital investment in the construction of structures - up to 15%, steel consumption - up to 30%, cement - up to 10%.

The proposed construction of the foundation of the building consists of structural bearing elements: foundation slab - 1 (Fig.1.a); columns - 2; stiffeners - 3; metal rods - 4 (fig.1.b). The foundation design differs from analogues in that, in order to increase operational reliability, columns - 2 are passed through a thin piecewise curved foundation plate - 1 to the design depth and abut against metal rods - 4, rising up and forming a metal network on top of the foundation plate, which carries functions.

The purpose of the invention is to increase operational reliability. It is achieved by a multiple safety margin of the structure (while minimizing its weight, minimizing the consumption of building materials) through the use of high-strength materials and

their effective use. This solution is more optimal compared to traditional solutions.

The foundation design under consideration is in many ways similar to the construction of an air parachute, but in contrast to it, an “earthen parachute” generally does not have a domed thin shell, but rather has a “fishing net with floats” (“Float”, “sleeper” - concrete, metal or metal-concrete lining under a node or several nodes of a bearing metal, metal-plastic network.) (Fig.1.b). The similarity with the second comparison is all the more obvious when it is necessary to note that the "lifting force of an earthen parachute" increases as it is pressed into the ground (which does not happen with a conventional "air" parachute), moreover, a continuous dome for an "earthen parachute" is not required . "Floats" located at a certain distance from each other compressing the soil create a compacted soil sphere, which also serves as the supporting shell. The minimum thickness of the stiffeners does not allow them to be considered as a strip foundation with intersecting ribbons. The lower edge of the foundation is pressed into the ground, reaching stress levels comparable to “plastic deformations”. The maximum stresses in practice (In theory ∞ , but in practice R _pr - see copyright certificate.) Are stabilized at a fixed value, distributed and distributed over the entire lower supporting contact surface of the stiffeners - 3.

The possibility of progressive collapse in emergency situations for this type of foundation is ruled out by the absence of local independent elements of the "base-foundation-building" system (such as, for example, subsidence of one pile that could lead to catastrophic consequences.). The entire foundation is considered as a single joint deformable with the assumption of multiple safety margins, the inclusion of the closest elements in case of accidental disconnection of any. The system under consideration is inertial and does not respond to sharp local changes, for example, soil conditions. The "grid" remains operational if it breaks, shuts down not even one, but several of the often located working "cells". The reliability of the system is also increased by adjusting the sediment of the upper part of the foundation columns - regardless of the precipitation, the upper part of the columns remains at the same level.

The name of the foundation - “Victoria Foundation” is adopted by coincidence of temporary circumstances as a tribute to time and can be interpreted in meaning as “Foundation of Victory”.

The technology for the construction of the proposed foundation design is simple and may include several stages:

1 - on the site prepared for construction, cross narrow trenches are prepared in the ground to a depth sufficient to organize the laying of the carrier grid in the design position (Fig. 2.). In trenches reinforcement is installed - reinforcement cages;

2 - soil is laid with compaction in the cells between the prepared trenches to provide a spherical surface in the cell;

3 - laying of reinforced concrete or metal "sleepers" (Fig.1.b) under the nodes imposed on top of the carrier grid;

4 - monolithic construction of the foundation in two stages: The first stage in the trenches - stiffeners; The second stage is over the "sleepers".

It is possible to simply prepare the surface of the construction site, lay out the "sleepers", networks of high-strength material (metal, plastic, graphite and other high-strength materials) with subsequent installation of columns and concreting.

Claims (1)

The box-shaped foundation of the building includes a foundation plate, columns, stiffeners, metal rods, characterized in that, in order to increase operational reliability, the columns are passed through a thin piecewise-curved foundation plate to a design depth and abut against metal rods rising up and forming over the foundation plates are a metal network that performs supporting functions.