RU48374U1 - CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - Google Patents

Abstract

Technical solution, centrifugal pump belongs to the field of pump engineering and can be used in pumps with integrated bearings. The centrifugal pump has a stator and rotor parts, inlet and pressure pipes 2, 3, sections 4 and guide vanes 5, inlet and pressure covers 6, 7 are attached to the sides of the casing, the rotor part is mounted in bearings 8, 9 and is a shaft 10 with impellers 11 after which pressure cavities 12 are formed, and a device 13, hydraulic unloading of axial force having a discharge chamber 14 connected by a channel 15 to the inlet 2, a shaft with radial holes 16, 17 located under the bearings 8, 9, in addition shaft 1 0, under one of the impellers 11, has radial holes 18, all radial holes are connected by a common axial hole 19 in the shaft 10. In one of the impellers 11 in the main disk 20, holes 21 are made at an angle to the axis of the shaft 10, one side of which connected to the radial grooves 22 on the rear side of the main disk 20, and the other side of the holes 21, extends into the annular groove 23 made in the hub of the main disk 20. The radial clearance 24, of the sliding bearing 8, is hydraulically connected to the ring groove on one side inlet 6 by one side 25 and in body cavity 26 at which additional channels 27, the other side is connected to the radial gap 24. The gap groove 28 of the bearing 9 arranged in the pressure lid 7, on both sides of channels 29 fluidly connected to the discharge chamber 14.

Description

Technical solution, centrifugal pump belongs to the field of pump engineering and can be used in pumps with integrated bearings.

Known pump [1], including the stator and rotor parts. At the same time, the stator part contains a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, sections and guiding devices are located inside the housing, an inlet and a pressure cover are attached to the sides of the housing. The rotor part is mounted in sliding bearings and is a shaft with impellers between which pressure cavities are formed, and an axial force hydraulic unloading device having a discharge chamber connected by a channel to the inlet pipe. At the same time, the bearings are mounted using intermediate brackets attached to the covers on both sides of the pump. With large pump dimensions, bearings can be additionally supported by struts.

Also known pump [2], the company "Sulzer", which is structurally similar to the previously described.

A common drawback of these pumps is the location of the sliding bearings outside the housing parts, that is, the housing and both covers. This arrangement of bearings increases the dimensions of the pump and its mass. In addition, the distance between the bearings of the sliding bearings increases, which negatively affects the deflection of the shaft, the work of the seals and the bearings themselves. In addition, for the operation of the pump, a supply of lubricating and cooling liquid or an autonomous device providing lubrication and cooling of the bearings is necessary.

To eliminate the above negative phenomena, the task was to create a centrifugal pump with built-in plain bearings.

The claimed technical solution, as well as the known one, includes the stator and rotor parts, while the stator part contains a housing with inlet and pressure pipes, sections and guiding devices are located inside the housing, inlet and pressure covers are attached to the sides of the housing, and the rotor part is installed in sliding bearings, which is a shaft with impellers, after which pressure cavities are formed, and a device of hydraulic unloading of axial force having a discharge chamber connected by a channel to the input path cutting.

In contrast to the known, in the inventive centrifugal pump, plain bearings are located in the caps or in mating parts with caps. The shaft has radial holes located under the sliding bearings and under one of the impellers, connected by a common axial hole in the shaft. In one of the impellers, mainly the disk, holes are made at an angle to the axis of the shaft, one side of the holes is connected with a radial groove on the back of this disk, and the other side of the holes goes into an annular groove made in the hub of the disk. The radial clearance of the plain bearing, in the inlet cover, is hydraulically connected on one side to the annular slot and the pump inlet cavity, while the other side of the radial clearance is connected to the pump cavity by additional channels made in the inlet cover. The radial clearance of the bearing located in the pressure cap is hydraulically connected on both sides by channels to the discharge chamber.

These distinctive features are new, necessary and sufficient to complete the task, namely:

- plain bearings are located in the covers or in mating parts with covers. This reduces the distance between the bearings. This reduces the deflection of the shaft, which means that the distortions in the seals and the inner ring of the bearing are reduced relative to the outer ring, which leads to normal operation of the bearing, and hence the pump;

- the shaft has radial holes located under the plain bearings. The presence and such arrangement of radial holes provides the supply of lubricating and cooling fluid directly to the radial gap of the bearings;

- the shaft has radial holes under one of the impellers. The presence of radial holes in the shaft under one of the impellers, provides the flow of fluid into the axial hole from the pump cavity and creates a centrifugal sip during rotation of the shaft;

- radial holes located under bearings and impeller. This arrangement made it possible to lubricate and cool bearings most simply;

- in one of the impellers in the main disk holes are made at an angle to the axis of the shaft. Such holes during rotation of the wheel improve the separation of solid particles from the liquid, by pressing them against one of the walls of the hole and under the action of centrifugal force, bring them into the discharge zone;

- one side of the holes is connected to the radial grooves on the back of the disk. The presence of grooves improves the removal of solid particles;

- the other side of the holes goes into the annular groove made in the hub of the disk. The presence of an annular groove does not require angular attachment of the impeller with respect to

shaft. In addition, when the pump is in operation, a fluid is constantly in the groove, which passes into the radial hole of the shaft;

- radial clearance of the plain bearing, in the inlet cover one side is hydraulically connected to the annular gap and the inlet cavity of the pump. Thus, one half of the bearing is lubricated and cooled;

- the other side of the radial clearance is connected to the pump cavity by additional channels made in the inlet cover. This means that the other side is also lubricated and cooled;

- the radial clearance of the bearing located in the discharge cover is hydraulically connected on both sides by channels to the discharge chamber. Thus, like the previously described bearing, this one is lubricated and cooled by the pumped liquid, which diverges in opposite directions:

The signs listed above are necessary and sufficient to solve the task. All the distinguishing features consist in a causal relationship with the result and make it possible to achieve the proper technical level - to create a pump with built-in plain bearings, ensuring their performance.

The claimed technical solution, a centrifugal pump, is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the pump

Figure 2 shows the place I. Figure 3 shows the place II.

Figure 4 shows the place III.

Centrifugal pump, includes stator and rotor parts. The stator part comprises a housing 1 with inlet and discharge nozzles 2, 3. Inside the housing 1, sections 4 and guiding apparatuses 5 are located. On the sides of the housing are connected the inlet and discharge covers 6, 7.

The rotor part is installed in the bearings 8, 9 and consists of a shaft 10 with impellers 11 after which pressure cavities 12 are formed, and a device 13, hydraulic unloading of axial force having a discharge chamber 14 connected by a channel 15 to the inlet pipe 2. Bearings 8 , 9 slides are located in the covers 2, 3 or in the mating parts with the covers. The shaft has radial holes 16, 17 located under the bearings 8, 9. In addition, the shaft 10, under one of the impellers 11, has radial holes 18. The radial holes 16, 17 and 18 are connected by a common axial hole 19 in the shaft 10. B one of the impellers 11 in the main disk 20, holes 21 are made at an angle to the axis of the shaft 10. One side of the holes 21 is connected to the radial grooves 22 on the back side of the main disk 20, and the other side of the holes 21 extends into the annular groove 23 the hub of the main disk 20. Radial clearance 24, bearing 8 cleaved In the inlet cover 6, one side is hydraulically connected to the annular groove 25 and the inlet cavity 26 of the pump. The other side of the radial clearance 24 is connected to the cavity 26 by additional channels 27 made in the inlet cover 6. The radial clearance 28 of the bearing 9 located in the pressure cover 7 is hydraulically connected on both sides by the channels 29 to the discharge chamber 14.

Centrifugal pump operates as follows.

Through the inlet pipe 2, the working fluid enters the impeller 11 of the first stage. Further, along the guide apparatus 5, the liquid is supplied to the impeller of the second stage, etc. The fluid emerging from the last stage of the pump is sent to the discharge pipe 3. In the direction of the fluid, after each stage, its pressure increases. Thus, in each subsequent stage of the pressure chamber 12, the fluid pressure will be greater than in the previous stage. Therefore, part of the pumped liquid, through the holes 21,

made at an angle to the axis of the shaft 10 in the disk 20 in one of the wheels, the annular groove 23 and the radial holes 18, enters the axial hole 19, being divided into two parts. In this case, the liquid under the action of centrifugal force and pressure created by the impeller is separated, that is, pure liquid under pressure enters the hole 21 made at an angle, and mechanical inclusions along the groove 22 are discharged into the pressure cavity. In the case of mechanical impurities entering the hole 21, they, under the action of centrifugal force, are sent to the periphery of the impeller 11. Thus, clean liquid enters the bearings 8, 9. Further, through the hole of the inner ring of the bearing located in the inlet cover 6, the liquid enters the radial clearance 24 of the bearing 8. In the gap 24, the liquid is also divided into two parts. One part of the liquid, under the action of pressure, lubricating and cooling part of the bearing 8, enters the annular gap 25 and then into the cavity 26 of the pump. Another part of the fluid lubricates the remaining part of the bearing 8 and is discharged into the pump cavity 26 through additional channels 27.

The pumped liquid entering the bearing 9 located in the pressure cap 7 is fed into the radial clearance 28 and is divided into two parts. In this case, the liquid emerging from the bearing 9, through the channels 29 enters the discharge chamber 14 and then into the inlet pipe 2.

Thus, the presence of axial and radial holes in the shaft and the pressure difference at the inlet to the pump and along the entire path of the fluid, allows lubrication and cooling of the sliding bearings in the operating mode.

The claimed solution is useful in the design of centrifugal pumps, technically sound and practically feasible.

Sources of information:

1. Mikhailov AN., Malyushenko VV Vane pumps, Mechanical Engineering, 1977, p. 244, Fig. 133.

2. Stepanov A.I. Centrifugal pumps M., 1960, State. scientific and technical publishing house of engineering literature, p.398, Fig.17.13. - prototype.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal pump, including the stator and rotor parts, while the stator part contains a housing with inlet and discharge nozzles, sections and guiding devices are located inside the housing, the inlet and pressure covers are attached to the sides of the housing, and the rotary part installed in the plain bearings is a shaft with impellers, after which pressure cavities are formed, and a device of hydraulic unloading of axial force having a discharge chamber connected by a channel to the inlet pipe, characterized in that under Slip hypers are located in the covers or in the mating parts with the covers, in addition, the shaft has radial holes located under the sliding bearings and under one of the impellers, connected by a common axial hole in the shaft, and in one of the impellers in the main disk there are holes for angle to the axis of the shaft, one side of the holes is connected to the radial grooves on the back side of this disk, and the other side of the holes goes into the annular groove made in the hub of the disk, in addition, the radial clearance of the bearing In the inlet cover, one side is hydraulically connected to the annular slot and the pump inlet cavity, the other side of the radial clearance is connected to the pump cavity by additional channels made in the inlet cover, moreover, the radial clearance of the bearing located in the pressure cap is hydraulically connected on both sides channels with unloading chamber.