RU40695U1 - DISC MILLER OF THE WORKING TOOL OF THE WEAPON FOR TREATMENT OF SOIL - Google Patents

Abstract

Disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage; The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the working bodies of implements such as cultivators; a disk mill includes a disk and teeth, the curved ends of which are located at the same distance from the axis of the disk; according to a utility model, the disc and teeth are made in the form of an integral part; the teeth in the plan have the shape of isosceles triangles and are made with sharpening the front and rear edges; the teeth of each pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located on one side of the disk and at equal angles to its plane; the teeth of different pairs of diametrically opposite teeth are located at different angles to the plane of the disk; the technical result is a simplification of the design, reducing metal consumption, expanding functionality and improving the quality of tillage

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the working bodies of implements such as cultivators for cultivating the soil, and can be used in walk-behind tractors intended for use in household plots and on family farms.

Known disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage, including the disk and teeth, the curved ends of which are located at the same distance from the axis of the disk (SU, No. 1787336, A 1, "The working body of the tillage mill", 5 MPK A 01 B 33/10, claimed 06.03.1991, published 01.15.1993, Bulletin No. 2, prototype).

The teeth are made in the form of six lamellar knives evenly spaced around the circumference, staggered on both sides of the disk using bolted joints.

The curved ends of the teeth are located at different angles to the plane of the disk, the values of which are selected using a complex mathematical expression. Diametrically opposed teeth are located on different sides to the plane of the disk.

The disadvantages of this cutter are the complexity of the design, high metal consumption, limited functionality and insufficient quality of tillage.

The complexity of the design and the high metal consumption of the cutter are due to the fact that it consists of several separate metal-intensive parts - a disk and six teeth made in the form of plate knives, which are interconnected using bolted connections only directly during assembly of the working body, which increases the complexity of its manufacture and installation.

Limited functionality is explained by the fact that the mill has only front working edges, designed for processing soft soils and when rotating only in one direction. For processing compacted soils, virgin soil and weeding, such a mill is not very effective.

The insufficient quality of tillage is caused by the fact that the cutter has only six teeth, as a result of which a single tooth of the same type, radially located on the right or left side of the disk, does not provide intensive tillage and loosening of the soil in one revolution of the working body.

The objective of the utility model is to make it a monoblock design with an enlarged and paired arrangement of the same type of teeth to ensure its simplification, reduction of metal consumption, expansion of functionality and improving the quality of tillage.

The problem is solved in that in the disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage, including the disk and teeth, the curved ends of which are located at the same distance from the axis of the disk, according to the utility model, the disk and teeth are made in the form of an integral part, with the teeth in plan have the shape of non-isosceles triangles and are made with sharpening the front and rear edges, and the teeth of each pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located on one side of the disk and at the same angles to its plane, and the teeth of different pairs are ametralno opposite teeth are located at different angles to the disk plane.

The above characteristics characterizing the utility model are significant, since in the aggregate they are sufficient to ensure operability and achieve the technical task to be solved, and each separately is necessary to identify and distinguish the inventive disk cutter from similar technical solutions known in the art.

The new set of essential features that characterize this disk cutter is sufficient in all cases to which the scope of legal protection applies, since it solves the problem.

The above features are not mandatory, but, according to the applicant, are the best and do not exclude the possibility of another specific equivalent performance of the disk cutter within the specified essence of the utility model.

The causal relationship of the distinguishing features in their interaction with the known features in providing new technical properties of the disk cutter, due to the technical task, is as follows.

The implementation of the disk and the teeth of the cutter in the form of an integral part provides the creation of a simple monoblock design, which can be made from a workpiece obtained from a thin sheet of metal, which reduces its metal consumption.

Due to the fact that the teeth in the plan have the shape of isosceles triangles, it is possible to change the angle of entry of the tooth into the soil, that is, turn the cutter depending on the condition and contamination of the soil by weeds.

In this case, both the leading and trailing edges of the tooth can be used as the working edge.

This extends the functionality of the disk mill and allows you to process with the same tool, as soft soils and weeding, as well as processing compacted soils and virgin soil.

Sharpening the front and rear edges of the teeth reduces cutting resistance and improves the quality of tillage.

The location of the teeth of each pair of diametrically opposite teeth on one side of the disk and at the same angles to its plane enables this pair of teeth to process the plume of the soil with double intensity for one revolution of the cutter, which reduces the load on one tooth and improves the quality of the soil treatment.

The location of the teeth of different pairs of diametrically opposite teeth at different angles to the plane of the disk allows each pair of teeth for one revolution of the cutter to process overlapping each other along the width of the loops of soil with twice the intensity, which reduces the load on one tooth and also improves the quality of the soil tillage along the working width milling cutters.

In addition, the disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage is also characterized by other distinctive features.

Below are the distinguishing features that develop and complement the utility model in individual versions of its implementation and are used depending on the specific conditions of manufacture and operation to enhance the achieved technical result.

So, in the disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage, according to the utility model, the front edge of each tooth is located at an angle α ₁ = (-) 5 - (+) 10 ° to the radius passing through the top of the tooth.

The selected range of values of the mentioned angle α _{1 of the} leading edge of the tooth was determined empirically and is most optimal for processing compacted soils and virgin soil with this disk mill.

The choice of the mentioned angle α _{1 of the} front edge of the tooth less than the lower limit value is impractical, since this reduces the width of the tooth at the base, which reduces the strength and durability of the disk cutter.

The choice of the mentioned angle α _{1 of the} leading edge of the tooth greater than the upper limit value is also impractical, since this significantly reduces the processing efficiency of compacted soils and virgin soil.

According to a utility model, the trailing edge of each tooth is located at an angle α ₂ = (+) 15 - (+) 30 ° to the radius passing through the top of the tooth in the disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage.

The selected range of values of the mentioned angle α _{2 of the} trailing edge of the tooth was determined empirically and is most optimal for processing soft discs and weeding with this disk mill.

The choice of the mentioned angle α _{2 of the} trailing edge of the tooth less than the lower limit value is impractical, since this reduces the width of the tooth at the base, which reduces the strength and durability of the disk cutter.

The choice of the mentioned angle α _{2 of the} trailing edge of the tooth greater than the upper limit value is also impractical, since this significantly reduces the efficiency of processing soft soils and weeding.

In addition, in the disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage, according to the utility model, the teeth of the first pair of diametrically opposed teeth are located at an angle β ₁ = 0 ° to the plane of the disk, the teeth of the second pair of diametrically opposed teeth are located at an angle β ₂ = 8-18 ° to the plane of the disk on the left, the teeth of the third pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located at an angle β ₃ = 8-18 ° to the plane of the disk on the right, the teeth of the fourth pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located at an angle β ₄ = 21-31 ° to the plane of the disk on the left, and the teeth fifth the pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located at an angle β ₅ = 21-31 ° to the plane of the disk on the right.

The selected range of values of the mentioned angle β _{1-5 of the} tooth arrangement of the first to fifth pairs of diametrically opposed teeth was determined empirically and is most optimal for ensuring high quality processing of soft soils and weeding with this disk mill, as well as processing of compacted soils and virgin soil.

The choice of the mentioned angles β _{1-5 of the} arrangement of the teeth of the first to fifth pairs of diametrically opposite teeth less than the lower limit value is impractical, since this reduces the width of the grip of both the cutter and the working body as a whole.

The choice of the mentioned angles β _{1-5 of the} arrangement of the teeth of the first to fifth pairs of diametrically opposite teeth greater than the upper limit value is also impractical, since this reduces the amount of penetration of both the cutter and the working body as a whole, which reduces the quality of the soil treatment.

In the future, the utility model is illustrated by a detailed description of the design with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows the disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage.

Figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a section B ₁ -B ₁ in figure 1

Figure 4 shows a section B ₂ -B ₂ in figure 1

Figure 5 shows a section B ₃ -B ₃ in figure 1

Figure 6 shows a section B ₄ -B ₄ in figure 1

Figure 7 shows a section B ₅ -B ₅ in figure 1

On Fig depicts the working body of tools for tillage, consisting of disk cutters.

In Fig.9 shows a diagram of the milling cutter of the working body of the implement for tillage when processing compacted soil and virgin soil.

Figure 10 shows a diagram of the operation of the milling cutters of the working body of the implement for tillage when processing soft soil and weeding.

Disk mill 1 (Fig.1-7) includes (Fig.1) a disk 2 and teeth 3, the curved ends of which are located at the same distance from the axis of the disk 2, which is equal to the radius R of the disk mill 1. The disk 2 and teeth 3 are made in the form whole parts. The teeth 3 are bent in opposite directions relative to the plane of the disk 2 along a circle whose radius is equal to the radius r of the disk 2 of the disk mill 1. The teeth 3 in plan have the shape of non-isosceles triangles and are made with sharpening the front and rear edges 4, 5 (Fig.2). The teeth 3 of each pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located on one side of the disk 2 and at the same angles β ₁ or β ₂ or β ₃ or β ₄ or β ₅ to its plane. The teeth 3 of different pairs of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at different angles β ₁ , β ₂ , β ₃ , β ₄ , β ₅ to the plane of the disk 2.

The front edge 4 of each tooth 3 is located at an angle α ₁ = (-) 5 - (+) 10 ° to the radius passing through the top of tooth 3.

The trailing edge 5 of each tooth 3 is located at an angle α ₂ = (+) 15 - (+) 30 ° to the radius passing through the top of tooth 3.

The teeth 3 of the first pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at an angle β ₁ = 0 ° to the plane of the disk 2 (figure 3).

The teeth 3 of the second pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at an angle β ₂ = 8-18 ° to the plane of the disk 2 on the left (figure 4).

The teeth 3 of the third pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at an angle β ₃ = 8-18 ° to the plane of the disk 2 on the right (figure 5).

The teeth 3 of the fourth pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at an angle β ₅ = 21-31 ° to the plane of the disk 2 on the left (Fig.6).

The teeth 3 of the fifth pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at an angle β ₅ = 21-31 ° to the plane of the disk 2 on the right (Fig.7).

Disk milling cutters 1 are installed on the working body 6 tools for tillage.

The working body 6 (Fig.8) contains a drive shaft 7 and mounted on it from two sides of the hub 8 with transverse flanges 9.

To the flanges 9 fasten the disk cutters 1 with bolted connections 10.

In the process, the working body 6 together with the disk milling cutters 1 performs both translational and rotational motion (Fig.9, 10).

Due to the fact that the teeth 3 in the plan have the shape of isosceles triangles, it is possible to change the angle of entry of tooth 3 into the soil, that is, turn the cutter 1 depending on the state and contamination of the soil by weeds.

Moreover, as the working edge of the disk mill 1 can be used either the front or rear edge 4, 5 of the tooth 3.

This extends the functionality of the disk mill 1 and allows you to process soft and compacted soils, as well as weeding and processing virgin soil.

Sharpening the front and rear edges of the 4, 5 teeth 3 reduces the cutting resistance (processing) and improves the quality of the soil treatment.

When processing compacted soil or virgin soil (Fig.9), disk milling cutters 1 are mounted on the flanges 9 of the hub 8 so that the teeth 3 are deployed to the working position with the front edge 4.

In this position, the leading edge 4 of each tooth 3 is located at an angle α ₁ = (-) 5 - (+) 10 ° to the radius passing through the top of tooth 3.

Disc mill 1 is buried in the soil to the required depth.

Due to the fact that the teeth of 3 different pairs of diametrically opposite teeth 3 are located at different angles β _1-5 to the plane of the disk 2, it is possible for each pair of teeth 3 for one revolution of the cutter 1 to process overlapping soil loops with double intensity .

Due to this, the load on one tooth 3 is reduced and the quality of soil cultivation along the width of the cutter 1 is increased.

In a specific embodiment, the width of the loop of one disk mill 1 with ten teeth 3 (five pairs of diametrically opposite teeth 3), the curved ends of which are located at the same distance from the axis of the disk 2, equal to the radius of the mill 1 R = 140 mm, was 70 mm. The radius of the disk 2 of the disk cutter 1 was r = 70 mm

The working body 6, consisting, for example, of eight disk cutters 1, provides tillage with a total working width of 560 mm.

When processing soft soil or weeding (Fig. 10), disk milling cutters 1 are mounted on the flanges 9 of the hubs 8 so that the teeth 3 are deployed to the working position by the trailing edge 5, which becomes the front edge and serves as the working edge.

In this position, the edge 5 of each tooth 3 is located at an angle α ₂ = (+) 15 - (+) 30 ° to the radius passing through the top of the tooth 3.

Thus, the proposed design of a disk mill due to the implementation of the mill in the form of a monoblock design with an enlarged and paired arrangement of the same type of teeth, provides its simplification, reduction of metal consumption, expansion of functionality and improving the quality of soil cultivation.

The disk mill of the working body for soil cultivation can be repeatedly manufactured industrially from high-strength steel at a machine-building enterprise using universal technological equipment.

Notation list

1. Disk mill

2. Disk

3. Tooth

4. The front edge of the tooth

5. The trailing edge of the tooth

6. Working body

7. Drive shaft

8. Hub

9. Flange

10. Bolted connection

α ₁ - the angle between the leading edge 4 of tooth 3 and the radius passing through the top of tooth 3

α ₂ - the angle between the trailing edge 5 of tooth 3 and the radius passing through the top of tooth 3

β _1-5 - the angle between the teeth 3 of the first to fifth pair of diametrically opposite teeth 3 to the plane of the disk 2

R is the radius of the disk cutter 1

r is the radius of the disk 2 of the disk mill 1

Claims (4)

1. The disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage, including the disk and teeth, the curved ends of which are located at the same distance from the axis of the disk, characterized in that the disk and teeth are made in the form of an integral part, while the teeth in the plan have the shape of isosceles triangles and made with sharpening the front and rear edges, and the teeth of each pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located on one side of the disk and at equal angles to its plane, and the teeth of different pairs of diametrically opposite teeth are placed married at different angles to the plane of the disk. 2. The disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that the front edge of each tooth is located at an angle α ₁ = (-) 5 - (+) 10 ° to the radius passing through the top of the tooth. 3. The disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that the trailing edge of each tooth is located at an angle α ₂ = (+) 15 - (+) 30 ° to the radius passing through the top of the tooth. 4. The disk mill of the working body of the implement for tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that the teeth of the first pair of diametrically opposed teeth are located at an angle β ₁ = 0 ° to the plane of the disk, the teeth of the second pair of diametrically opposed teeth are located at an angle β ₂ = 8 -18 ° to the plane of the disk on the left, the teeth of the third pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located at an angle β ₃ = 8-18 ° to the plane of the disk on the right, the teeth of the fourth pair of diametrically opposite teeth are located at an angle β ₄ = 21-31 ° to the plane of the left, and the teeth of the fifth pair d ametralno opposite teeth are arranged at an angle β ₅ = 21-31 ° to the plane of the disc to the right.