RU39948U1 - DEVICE FOR MODELING BOTTOM RELIEF - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at forming a bottom topography model of any structure and complexity and generating, based on it, the values of the depths of the seabed in real time, while reducing computational resources. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for modeling the topography of the bottom contains a control unit connected in series with two-way connections, to the input of which a navigation coordinate sensor, a memory unit, a unit for forming the normal component of the bottom topography, a unit for generating positive regional anomalies, a unit for generating negative regional anomalies, a unit for generating positive local anomalies and a unit for generating negative local anomalies, the output of which is output device. The construction of a bottom topography model of any structure and complexity and the generation of values of the depths of the seabed based on it while reducing computational resources is ensured by the synthesis of an abstract bottom topography model by superimposing the normal component of the bottom topography and anomalies with different morphological and morphometric characteristics.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of computer technology, namely, to devices for modeling the parameters of physical fields and can be used mainly for the formation of a digital model of the bottom topography in hydrographic simulators.

When conducting a training survey of the bottom topography in hydrographic simulators, the formation of real-time depths of the seabed is required.

A device is known for generating a digital elevation model, which allows the consumer to provide information about the current elevation parameter values, for example, the bottom elevation, which contains a control unit, an elevation survey data storage unit and an elevation parameter conversion unit (Shiryaev E.E. Cartographic display, transformation and analysis of geoinformation. M .: Nedra, 1984. S.230-233). The memory block is preliminarily entered with the results of processing the data of the previously performed relief survey in the form of files that are a spatial quadrangle, each of whose vertices is a critical point of the field function: one maximum, two inflection points and one minimum. Upon receipt of a request to issue a relief parameter value at a point with coordinates (X, Y), the relief parameter calculation unit searches for the quadrangle within which the given point is located, and using the local bicubic spline calculates the value of the parameter Z = f (X, Y).

However, this device requires the use of large amounts of memory and time to store and search for the necessary information, and also does not allow you to modify the type and complexity of the original model, because it is based on data from a real survey. In addition, the principle of forming the initial model in the form of a network of quadrangles with the values of the relief parameters at the vertices and the application of the interpolation procedure suggest

partial loss of relief details and, in connection with this, a decrease in the accuracy of the restored relief parameter values.

The closest in technical essence and the problem to be claimed to the claimed utility model is a device for generating a digital model of the bottom topography, containing a control unit, a memory block for surveying the bottom topography and a block for converting bottom topography parameters (Kolomeichuk ND Hydrography. L: GUN and O MO, 1988, S.309-312). The digital model of the bottom topography in this device is a set of points (Z _i , X _i , Y _i ,) related to the interpolation nodes, and a set of edges connecting these nodes. In this case, the interpolation nodes and the length of the edges are determined in such a way that the interpolation error when restoring the parameter value at any point in the field does not exceed the value ± ε _z specified during model formation. To obtain the value of the bottom topography depth Z _i , at a point with specified coordinates (X _i , Y _i ) that do not coincide with the coordinates of any of the interpolation nodes, the mathematical unit of the spline functions is used in the computing unit of the device. However, this device should also have a large amount of memory for storing the data on the bottom topography and spend considerable time searching for the required interpolation nodes and calculating the value of the depth parameter at given points.

The digital model of the bottom topography, formed as a result of processing the data of a real survey, also cannot be subjected to any modifications.

The objective of the utility model is to create a device for forming an abstract model of the bottom topography and generating in real time on its basis depth values for hydrographic simulators in the process of conducting training surveys of the seabed.

The technical result of the utility model is to generate depth values in real time for the topography of the seabed of any structure and complexity while reducing computational resources.

The solution is achieved by the fact that the unit for modeling the topography of the bottom, containing a serially connected sensor of navigational coordinates and a control unit, the output of which is connected by two-way communication with the input of the memory unit, is introduced sequentially connected by two-way connections block forming a normal component of the topography of the bottom, block forming positive regional anomalies block of formation of negative regional anomalies, block of formation of positive local anomalies and block of formation tritsatelnyh local anomalies, thus forming unit normal component of the bottom topography connected two way communication with the output of the storage unit, and output unit forming the negative local anomalies is the output device.

The possibility of modeling the bottom topography of any structure and complexity is due to the use of an abstract (mathematical) model of the bottom topography, implemented by superimposing the normal component of the topography and anomalies with various morphological and morphometric characteristics. The reduction in computing resources is due to the fact that only the parameters of the digital model are stored in the memory block of the inventive device, which are necessary to generate bottom depths.

The structural diagram of a device for modeling the topography of the bottom is shown in the drawing.

The device comprises a control unit 2 connected in series with two-way connections, to the input of which a navigation coordinate sensor 1, a memory unit 3, a normal bottom relief component formation unit (BFNS) 4, a positive regional anomaly formation unit 5 (BFPRA), a negative regional anomaly formation unit 6 are connected (BFORA), block 7 of the formation of positive local anomalies (BFPLA) and block 8 of the formation of negative local anomalies (BFOLA), the output of which is the output of the device.

The device can be implemented on LSI microprocessor sets or on IBM PCs.

To create a model of the bottom topography and generate values of depths Z _i at each point with coordinates (X _i , Y _i ) during the training survey, the following initial data are entered into memory block 3:

X _s , Y _s - coordinates of the southwestern corner of the area planned for the training survey;

X _N. Y _ost — coordinates of the northwest corner of the study area;

γ is the angle of the general slope of the normal component of the bottom topography, deg .;

Θ - direction of the general slope of the normal component, deg .;

- the average value of the normal component of the depth of the bottom;

ΔН is the amplitude of the global “wave” characterizing the low-frequency systematic component of the variability of the simulated bottom topography;

D is the distance between the crests of the global "wave";

Δh is the amplitude of the "wave" characterizing the high-frequency component of the variability of the simulated relief (microrelief);

d is the distance between the crests of the "wave" of the microrelief;

X _{f, i} , Y _{f, i} , are the coordinates of the center of the j-th anomaly of the relief;

L _i is the length of the anomaly;

In _i is the width of the anomaly;

α _i - the direction of propagation of the j-th anomaly;

σ _Η is the standard deviation of the parameter values of the normal component of the bottom topography;

σ _i - the standard deviation of the parameter values of the j-th anomalous shape of the relief;

k is a number selected from a series of random numbers in the range from -1 to +1;

Z _pomaxj is the maximum value of the parameter of the jth negative regional anomaly;

Z _pпminj - the minimum value of the parameter of the j-th regional positive anomaly;

Z _lomaxj is the maximum value of the parameter of the j-th negative local anomaly;

Z _lпminj - the minimum value of the parameter of the j-th positive local anomaly;

The blocks forming the proposed device for modeling the topography of the bottom, implement the computational process of modeling according to the following formulas:

Where:

Where:

The theoretical basis of abstract modeling, implemented by the device, is the position that defines any quasi-stationary field (magnetic and gravitational, soil and bottom topography, etc.) as a combination of its normal and anomalous components (Sorokin A.I. Theoretical foundations of hydrographic studies L .: VCO and O MO, 1972. S. 24-30). Moreover, as a normal component (or normal field), a certain conditional number of the first terms of expansion in a series of spherical functions is taken. The normal field, allocated in this way, is the main part of the field, has a relatively calm character and naturally varies along the earth's surface.

The anomalous part of the field is superimposed on the normal field and is usually characterized by great complexity and the absence of any visible pattern in the distribution.

Anomalies covering quite vast areas of the ocean are called regional, and anomalies limited to small areas are called local. The basis of local anomalies can be both the surface of a normal field and the surface of a regional anomaly.

Anomalies can be represented, for example, in the form of geometric shapes described by equations of the second degree (cones, hemispheres, ellipsoids, etc.).

The device operates as follows.

During the training survey from the sensor 1 of the navigation coordinates of the navigation module of the hydrographic simulator, the control unit 2 receives a request to issue the bottom topography depth Z _i,: at the point with the current coordinates (X _i , Y _i ). At the command from control unit 2, the initial data determining the structure of the normal field and anomalies of the bottom topography come from block 3 of memory to block 4 of the BFNS.

In block 4 BFNS for the grid node with coordinates (X _i , Y _i ), the value of the parameter of the normal component of the bottom topography Z _{ni is calculated} using formulas (1.1 and 1.2). Next, it is checked that the point with coordinates (X _i , Y _i ) belongs to any of the positive regional anomalies and, if this affiliation is confirmed, then the value of the parameter Z _pпi at the point with the coordinates of the grid node (X _i , Y _i ) by the formula (1.3).

Similarly to these operations, in block 6 of BFORA, block 7 of BFPLA and block 8 of BFOLA, the point belongs to the anomalies of one type or another, and, in the case of a positive test result, the corresponding value of the field parameter at the point with the specified coordinates is calculated.

In block 6 BFORA calculation of the parameter Z _poi ; produced by the formula 1.4.

In block 7 of the IFAP, the calculation of the parameter Z _{lpi is} performed according to formula 1.5 in the case when a positive local anomaly is located within the boundaries of any of the regional anomalies (Z _pi is the value of the field parameter calculated in block 5 and / or in block 6 for the point with coordinates (X _i , Y _i ).

In the case when a positive local anomaly is outside the boundaries of regional anomalies, the parameter Z _{lpi is} calculated by the formula 1.6.

In block 8 of BFOLA, depending on the location of the negative local anomaly relative to regional anomalies, the calculation of the parameter Z _{lpi is} performed according to formulas 1.7 and / or 1.8. Depending on the presence of anomalies of one kind or another, the depth value generated in the corresponding blocks 3-8 is sent to the output of the device.

The calculated value of the bottom topography depth Z _i ; at a point with coordinates (X _i , Y _i ,) a real-time hydrometer simulator depth meter is displayed on the simulator.

Thus, in the implementation of the claimed utility model, the value of the depth of the seabed is formed during the training survey in real time for the relief of any structure and complexity specified in the initial data of the model of the bottom relief.

Claims (1)

1. A device for modeling the topography of the bottom, comprising a serially connected sensor of navigational coordinates and a control unit, the output of which is connected by two-way communication with the input of the memory unit, characterized in that a unit for forming a normal component of the bottom topography, a unit for generating positive regional anomalies, the block forming negative regional anomalies and the block forming negative local anomalies, while the block forming the normal component of the bottom topography is connected by a two-way communication with the output of the memory block, and the output of the block forming negative local anomalies is the output of the device.