RU342404C - Device for electric-hydraulic treatment of materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to electro-hydraulic processing of various materials, namely, devices for electro-hydraulic crushing, emulsification, mixing, and the like.

Devices are known for electro-hydraulic processing of materials, such as crushing, emulsification and mixing, comprising a chamber with electrodes and openings placed therein for inlet of the processed material and outlet of the finished product.

However, in the known devices not all the possibilities of increasing productivity and increasing efficiency are realized, for example, the material is fed uniformly into the entire volume of the processing chamber and gradually

moves to the active processing zone (discharge zone) spontaneously, which significantly reduces the processing intensity and efficiency of the devices.

The material is most affected near the discharge zone and its cavitation cavity, and especially when this cavity collapses inside it; therefore, it is advisable to feed the material for processing directly into the cavity, regardless of the conditions of its formation.

The purpose of the invention is the use of a vacuum in a cavitation cavity generated by electro-hydraulic shocks to increase the efficiency of electro-hydraulic devices and to ensure the supply of the processed material to the discharge zone;

In the proposed device, one of the electrodes, mainly grounded / made hollow. To ensure the continuity of the process, the hollow electrode can be connected to an elastic membrane that divides the chamber into two parts, one of which, located under the membrane, communicates with a reservoir located adjacent to the chamber, the liquid level in the chamber and the level of the processed material in tank are the same. The hollow electrode may also be provided with holes and provided with a conical screen; The device can be equipped with an electrohydraulic pump connected to a hollow electrode and having an electronic unit that provides synchronous operation of the pump with the formation of a cavitation cavity.

In order to increase the volume of the cavitation cavity and, consequently, to increase the duration of the pressure pulse acting on the membrane, a vacuum can be installed above the liquid level in the tank and chamber.

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an apparatus for electro-hydraulic processing of continuous materials, general view; Figures 2 and 3 show embodiments of the device; Fig. 4 shows the construction of the electrode of Fig. 3 for batch devices.

The device contains a working chamber 1 into which a working fluid 3 is supplied through a channel 2. A pipe 4 serves to exit the treated material. Electrodes 5 and b are introduced inside the chamber, and the electrode 6. connected to the elastic membrane 7 or to the electro-hydraulic pump 8, is hollow and grounded. The hollow electrode may have a number of openings 9 through which liquid is sucked into the inside of the electrode 6, and, in addition, a reflective conical screen 10 that protects the electrode from direct impact of shock waves.

The membrane divides the treatment chamber into two parts. A part of the chamber under the membrane is connected to a reservoir 11, into which a processed material 13 is supplied through a pipe 12, which moves along the hollow electrode to the cavitation cavity 114 formed. The liquid level in the chamber and the level of the processed material in the reservoir are the same; the tank may be located adjacent to the camera;

The device may be equipped with an electro-hydraulic pump 8, the cavity 15 of the pump communicating with the reservoir 11 through the brake channel 16.

The camera can be made both open and closed sealed cover 17, which can be inserted

a piping 18 connecting the reservoir 11c with the material to be processed and the processing chamber with vacuum. In the case of connecting the tank 11 and the chamber with an electro-hydraulic pump 8, the lid can also be

a container with a vacuum applied to it is provided.

In order to synchronize the feed of the processed material into the cavitation cavity and to control the delay of this

process, the device may be provided with an adjustable electronic delay unit 19, which is triggered by ignition, the OOi gap and the forming phase FPZ of the pump 8 ..

The device operates as follows. :.

As the material is processed, the working fluid 3 is continuously fed into the chamber through the channel 2, and already processed material is discharged along the nozzle 4 along with a portion of the liquid. After the formation of the cavitation cavity, the processed material 13 is sucked into it.

In addition, the resulting powerful pressure pulse acts on the membrane 7; which, bending, causes the liquid underneath to move along the hollow electrode into the cavitation cavity 14, since the processing chamber is connected to

reservoir 11 filled with the processed material, the material is sucked into the cavitation cavity continuously.

If a system with an electro-hydraulic pump is used, the material to be processed passes through the electrode 6 into the cavitation cavity, the material being supplied into it with the necessary degree of delay relative to each discharge, synchronously with the formation of the cavity.

I adjust the rate of removal of the treated material and liquid through the pipe 4 and the supply of the working fluid with the material not yet processed through the channel 2, select the necessary degree or nature of the processing of the material, respectively, according to the accepted discharge frequency and pulse energy.