RU34233U1 - The device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for preparing for burning a fuel mixture, containing at least a fuel tank, pipe, pipe fittings, pump, dispersant, characterized in that the dispersant contains a housing with a channel for moving the fuel mixture, and devices that cause cavitation when flowing around them the fuel mixture, and in the channel is located at least one partition for separating the flow of the fuel mixture and at least part of the devices or all devices that cause cavitation during flow around the fuel mixture is fixed s on the aforementioned partition or fixed on the partitions if there are more than one of them and, in addition, devices that cause cavitation when flowing around with the fuel mixture are made in the form of rods. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline is made of at least two elements between which there is a dispersant, and the dispersant contains flanges for connection with the elements of the pipeline. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elements of the pipeline contain at least one flange for connection with a dispersant. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe fitting contains at least one device for shutting off and regulating the flow of fuel (valve, valve, valve). The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device that causes cavitation during flow around the fuel mixture is made in the form of rods, and the rods contain threads for fastening on a partition to separate the moving fuel mixture and / or on the channel body, the thread being located at one from the ends of the rod in a section with a length of 0.1: 0.9 of the length of the rod. 6. Us

Description

State of the art

A device for preparing for fuel combustion (is an analogue), described in the RF Patent "Method of operation of a boiler plant / 1 /. The device comprises a steam boiler generating steam, a fuel oil supply pipe to a furnace, a steam supply pipe to a fuel oil and steam mixer.

With the essential features of the claimed utility model, the following attribute of the analogue coincides: contains a pipeline.

The disadvantage of an analogue is: relatively large dimensions and material consumption of the device. water vapor, a water supply pipe, as well as a dispersant made in

a curved pipeline containing linear sections and bends. The dispersant contains fittings for the input of fuel oil, water and water vapor, as well as devices that cause cavitation when they flow around the fuel mixture.

With the essential features of the claimed utility model, the following features of the analogue coincide: contains a pipeline, a dispersant, devices that cause cavitation when flowing around them with a fuel mixture.

The disadvantage of the analogue is: the relatively large size and material consumption of the dispersant and the device as a whole.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model (prototype) is a device for preparing for burning a fuel mixture, containing at least a fuel tank, pipeline, pipe fittings, pump, dispersant / 3 /. Additionally, the device contains a heater for producing saturated steam. The dispersant is made in the form of an apparatus for emulsification, heating and pressure increase in the pipeline for supplying fuel oil to the nozzle (apparatus Fisenko-Transsonik).

The essential features of the claimed utility model coincide with the following features of the prototype: a device for preparing for burning a fuel mixture, containing at least a fuel tank, a pipeline, pipe fittings, a pump, a dispersant.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

a) the relatively large dimensions and material consumption, as well as the complexity of the design of the apparatus Fisenko-Transsonic and in general the device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture. To reduce the size and simplify the design of the device, it would be advisable to replace the Fisenko-Transsonic apparatus with

2 a dispersant containing simple in construction bodies that cause cavitation and in which there would be no moving parts; c) short service life and low reliability of the FisenkoTranssonik apparatus due to its structural complexity. The essence of the utility model The claimed utility model is aimed at solving the following problem: improving the efficiency of the device to prepare for burning the fuel mixture. When implementing a utility model, the following technical results can be obtained: reducing the dimensions and simplifying the design of the device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture, increasing the durability and reliability of the device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture. These technical results are achieved in that the device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture contains at least a fuel tank, pipe, pipe fittings, pump, dispersant, and the dispersant contains a housing with a channel for moving the fuel mixture, and devices that cause cavitation when flowing around the fuel mixture, and in the channel there is at least one partition for separating the flow of the fuel mixture and at least part of the devices or all devices that cause cavitation when percolation of the fuel mixture, fixed to the aforementioned partition or partitions are fixed to, if more than one and, moreover, devices, causing cavitation in the flow of fuel mixture formed in the form of rods. && 3 // & J53 3 The utility model differs from the closest analogue (prototype) by the following set of features: the dispersant contains a housing with a channel for moving the fuel mixture, and devices that cause cavitation when they flow around the fuel mixture, and at least one is located in the channel a partition for separating the flow of the fuel mixture and at least part of the devices or all devices that cause cavitation when they flow around the fuel mixture are fixed to the aforementioned partition or fixed to the partitions, if more than one and, moreover, the device for causing cavitation in the flow of fuel mixture formed in the form of rods. Further in the text, some terms are explained. So the term channel refers to a hollow space or cavity, for example, in the form of a pipe. The term baffle is understood to mean that separates one from another, is an obstacle between something, in particular between the separated flows of the fuel mixture. The following are signs that characterize a utility model only in particular cases of its execution. These features, together with the essential features of a utility model, will provide all the technical results of the utility model, as well as particular technical results. In order to simplify the design and increase the reliability of the device, the pipeline is made of at least two elements between which the dispersant is located, and the dispersant contains flanges for connection with the elements of the pipeline. In order to simplify the design and increase the reliability of the device, the elements of the pipeline contain at least one flange for connection with a dispersant. J & B / S & JS3 4 In order to simplify the design and increase reliability

The device valves include at least one device for shutting off and regulating the flow of fuel (valve, valve, valve). In addition, the device contains heat exchangers or heaters for fuel, fuel mixture, water. Moreover, the water is mixed with fuel, in particular with black oil for heating fuel.

The dispersant (in the technique may be called a cavitator) located in the device can be made in such a way that the devices that cause cavitation when they are surrounded by a fuel mixture (in particular, a water-fuel mixture) are made in the form of rods, and the rods contain threads for fixing on the partition and / or on the channel body, moreover, the thread is located at one of the ends of the rod in a section with a length of 0.1: 0.9 of the length of the rod. The presence of thread allows you to simplify the process of fixing the rods on the partitions and the body. In addition, the presence of a thread on the rods allows you to adjust the length of the part of the rod that flows around the fuel mixture (under the influence of the flow of the fuel mixture). During operation of the dispersant, during its regulation, the threaded connection of the rods with the body and partitions will allow you to quickly replace damaged rods.

The dispersant located in the device can be made in such a way that at least one of the aforementioned rods in cross section is made in the form of a circle or oval, and corrugation, in particular, mesh corrugation, is applied on its side surface free from thread. Oval and round cross-sectional shapes of the rods allow for an efficient dispersion process, and depending on the desired shape of the cavitation zone (region) behind the rod, rods with a cross-section in the form of an oval or in the form of a circle can be selected. Performance

J & 3 & 4 & 3

5 4 the surface of the rod with corrugation will improve the dispersion efficiency due to the participation in this process of the edges of the grooves of the corrugation. The dispersant located in the device can be made in such a way that at least two rods are made different in length, and the ratio of the maximum length of one rod to the minimum length of the other rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. This will allow to form a complex spatial structure of dispersion inside the channel in the flow of the fuel mixture. In addition, for example, the alternation of long and short rods on a partition along its length or width will allow avoiding destructive resonance phenomena during the operation of the dispersant. The dispersant located in the device can be made in such a way that at least two rods are made with different diameters of cross sections passing at the same distance from the ends of the rods with threads, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of one rod to the minimum diameter of another rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. The alternation of rods with different diameters located on the partition along its length or width will allow avoiding destructive resonance phenomena laziness in the process of the dispersant. Behind the rods with different diameters, cavitation zones of various sizes with different dynamic characteristics will be formed, which will effectively deal with destructive resonances during the operation of the dispersant. The dispersant located in the device can be made in such a way that at least one of the above-mentioned rods is made along a length with a variable cross-section, and the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area of the rod to the minimum cross-sectional area of the rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. This

it will allow to form a complex spatial dynamic structure of the fuel mixture flow during the dispersion process, to increase the mixing efficiency of the components of the fuel mixture, for example, fuel oil and water or fuel oil, water and water vapor, and also to prevent the destruction of the surface of the flow channel.

The dispersant located in the device can be made in such a way that 1:10 partitions are located in the channel, and with the number of partitions more than one, at least two partitions are located one above the other, parallel to each other or at an angle from 0.0001 rad to 1 glad to each other, and, in addition, the partitions are rigidly fixed in the housing. This will significantly reduce the size of the dispersant, in particular, its length with an unchanged number of rods. Placing the partitions along the flow (parallel to the flow axis) parallel to each other will allow a fairly stable flow of the fuel mixture between the partitions, and the flow parameters between all partitions will be almost identical. Securing the partitions or partitions at an angle to the flow will allow introducing the required disturbances into the flow. Fixing the partitions at an angle to each other will allow creating zones of increased pressure (when the flow is narrowing) or zones of reduced pressure (when the flow is expanding) between the partitions.

The dispersant located in the device can be made in such a way that the channel for the movement of the fuel mixture is made along the length with a variable flow (through) section, and the ratio of the maximum flow area to the minimum flow area takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. This will improve the dispersion efficiency, reduce the number of rods that cause

3 # 3 // & J3

7 cavitation, and thereby reduce the flow resistance

channel dispersant.

Thus, the goal of the utility model is achieved.

List of drawings

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by graphic materials:

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a device for preparing for burning a fuel mixture. The device comprises a dispersant 27, heat exchangers 28 and 29, a fuel tank 30, a water tank 31

Figure 2 presents the connection diagram of the dispersant 27 with the elements of the pipeline 32 and 33 by means of flanges 34 and 35.

On Fig.3 presents a diagram of a dispersant, in particular, a longitudinal section of a dispersant containing a housing 1, and a device 2-6, causing cavitation during flow around the fuel mixture.

Figure 4 presents the device that causes cavitation. The device is made in the form of a rod with a variable cross-section along the length of the rod. All cross-sections of the rod that do not pass through the thread are made in the form of a circle. On the side surface of the rod, not occupied by thread, applied mesh corrugation 19.

Figure 5 presents the device that causes cavitation. The device is made in the form of a rod with a variable cross-section along the length of the rod. All cross-sections of the rod that do not pass through the thread are made in the form of ovals.

Figure 6 presents the dispersant, in which the channel for the movement of the fuel mixture is made along the length with a variable flow (through)

8 section. Section 20 is a larger bore, section 21 is a smaller

passage section.

Information confirming the feasibility of implementing a utility model

A device for preparing for mixing the fuel mixture is shown in figure 1 (figure 1 presents one of the possible schemes of the device). The device comprises a dispersant 27, a fuel tank 30, a water tank 31. The fuel tank contains a valve 36 for filling the tank with fuel and connecting it to the atmosphere during operation of the device, a valve 37 for connecting to the pump 51 and the pipe element 38. The pipe 38 is connected to the tank 67 (in which fuel and water are mixed). Capacity 67 through valve 53, filter 54, pump 39, pipe 40, heat exchanger 28, valve 55 is connected to disperser 27. Dispersant 27 through valve 58, valve 62 and pipe 61 is connected to the nozzle (burner) 42. In addition, dispersant 27 is shunted pipeline 45 (through valve 56), which is connected to the sampler 41 of the fuel mixture through valve 68. Additionally, dispersant 27 through valve 58, valve 57, pipe 48 is connected to tank 67. Pipeline 61 through valve 66 and pipe 47 is connected to tank 67.

At the entrance to the dispersant 27, a temperature sensor 49, a pressure sensor 63 are installed. At the output of the dispersant, a temperature sensor 64 and a pressure sensor 65 are installed.

The water tank 31 includes a valve 43 for filling the tank with water (in particular, industrial water) and connecting it to the atmosphere during operation of the device. Capacity 31 through valve 44, pump 50, pipe 46, heat exchanger 29 is connected to capacity 67.

9 The device can work with the pump running 39 not working

pumps 50 and 51. In this case, the device diagram is simplified.

The dispersant 27 in the device is connected to the elements of the pipeline 32 and 33 through the flanges 34 and 35. The elements of the pipeline 32 and 33 contain the flanges 59 and 60 (see figure 2).

Dispersant 27 contains a housing 1 with a channel for the movement of the fuel mixture 22 and device 2-6 (see Fig.Z), causing cavitation during flow around the fuel mixture. Devices 2, 3, 4, and 6 are mounted on partitions. The device 5 is mounted on the channel body. In the middle section of the channel, partitions 7-16 are located on which cavitation causing devices are fixed. The dispersant is attached to the pipeline by means of flanges (fastened by flanges) 17 and 18. The devices 2-6 that cause cavitation are made in the form of rods. Partitions 7 and 8 are fixed in the channel of the dispersant parallel to each other and the axis 23 of the channel 22. The partition 9 is fixed at an angle 24 to the partition 8. The partitions 10-16 are fixed in the channel parallel to each other at an angle of 25 to the axis 23 of the channel 22.

A device for preparing for mixing the fuel mixture works as follows.

With the open valves 52, 36 and 37, the fuel from the tank 30 through the valve 37, using the pump 51 through the pipe 38 is supplied to the tank 67. With the open valves 43 and 44, the water from the tank 31 through the valve 44, using the pump 50 through the pipe 46, through the heater 29 is supplied to the tank 67. Next, the resulting mixture of fuel with heated water from the tank 67 through the valve 53, the filter 54 using the pump 39 through the pipe 40, through the heater 28, the valve 55, the dispersant 27, the valve 58, the valve 57 through the pipe 48 fed back to the tank 67. In the process of circulation of the fuel mixture per odic performed

10 sampling of the fuel mixture through the sampler 41 with the valve 68 open.

The selected samples judge the quality of dispersion. After the formation of a homogeneous highly stable and finely divided water-fuel emulsion (in particular, water-oil fuel) emulsions, open the vanilla 62 and close the valve 57. After that, the fuel mixture is piped to the nozzle 42 (or to the burner to the boiler), where it is ignited. The supply of the fuel mixture to the nozzle is controlled by valves 62, 57 and 66. In the latter case, through the valve 66 and pipeline 47, the fuel mixture is dumped into the tank 67.

The operating modes of the dispersant are controlled by devices 49, 63, 64 and 65.

The percentage of water in the fuel mixture is maintained at 20: 30%. The adjustment of the water supply is carried out using valve 44.

Dispersant 27 operates as follows. The fuel mixture, in particular fuel oil and water (water-fuel mixture), is supplied to the dispersant, for example, from the side of the flange 18 (see Fig. 3). Mixing of fuel oil with water and dispersion of the fuel mixture occurs in the process of its interaction with devices that cause cavitation (rods), namely in the process of flowing around these rods with the fuel mixture. The rods located in the channel for the movement of the fuel mixture, narrow its bore. Moving along the channel, the fuel mixture flows around the rods and at the same time its speed increases and the pressure in the stream decreases. The decrease in pressure causes the appearance of steam bubbles. Subsequently, the fuel mixture falls into the high-pressure region (downstream to the region behind the rods) and the vapor bubbles collapse with force, providing effective mixing of the mixture and its dispersion.

According to the Bernoulli Law, in any liquid (including the liquid fuel mixture), the energy is constant along the streamline. With increasing speed

e2Z% jg & 3 and local fluid pressure decreases (proportional to the square

speed). Any fluid particle moving along a curved streamline, for example, an envelope of a rod, accelerates and undergoes a decrease in local pressure. If the pressure drops to saturated vapor pressure, cavitation occurs.

In the case of a fluid flowing along a narrowing channel (see Fig. 6), according to the law of conservation of mass (continuity equation), the fluid velocity increases at the narrowing of the channel (this is in section 21 and section 26, where the rods are located), and there also cavitation occurs.

When a stream of fuel mixture flows around the rod, the local pressure at the side surface of the rod decreases to the vapor formation pressure. Cavitation cavities appear (nucleate) on the side surface of the rod. Bubbles grow, shifting in the direction of flow. This type of cavitation is called non-stationary (runaway) bubble cavitation. When a rod flows around its end, the bubbles concentrate on the end of the rod. Cavitation can occur in the zone of vortices formed in places of low pressure (it is called vortex cavitation). Vortex cavitation is observed behind the rod. Possible simultaneous occurrence of all the above types of cavitation.

The large energy dissipated by the cooling of cavitation bubbles can damage the surfaces of the rods, the surfaces of the partitions, and the housing. In this connection, the utility model proposes to fix the rods on the partitions, as well as supply the rods with thread for their quick replacement. The magnitude of this phenomenon, called hydraulic erosion, can be different - from point surface erosion after many years of operation of the dispersant to its failure. Cavitation on the rods can

eg & jtf & KS

12 cause periodic fluctuations in pressure acting on the housing

dispersant. Cavitation vibration of the dispersant creates uncomfortable conditions for people near the operating dispersant, as well as lead to failure of the fuel supply system, for example, due to the destruction of welds, shutoff valves, etc. Vibration reduction is achieved by using rods of various lengths, diameters, cross-sectional shapes in the dispersant, as well as the arrangement of partitions at different angles to each other. These measures allow you to “get away from resonance (including destructive resonance) and vibration, which increases the life of the dispersant.

Cavitation increases hydrodynamic resistance. In this regard, it is advisable to use rods with minimal drag, namely the use of rods of round and oval shape in cross section.

The rods contain a thread for fixing on a partition or on the channel body, and the thread is located at one of the ends of the rod in a section with a length of 0.1: 0.9 of the length of the rod. When using rods with a length of, for example, 50 mm, the length of the threaded section can be from 5 mm to 45 mm.

The rods can be made different in length, and the ratio of the maximum length of one rod to the minimum length of another rod takes (has) a value from 1.01 to 100. If the length of one rod is 5 mm and it is the shortest, the length of the largest rod can make a value from 5.05mm to 500mm. The use of such rods is advisable in a disperser with a channel diameter of 1.2 m, containing one partition passing through the center of the channel. The rods are fixed both on the partition and on the channel wall.

J &&&& 3

13 h. The rods can be made with different diameters of cross sections passing at the same distance from the ends of the rods with threads, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of one rod to the minimum diameter of another rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. If the diameter one rod is 5 mm and it is the smallest in diameter, then the diameter of the largest rod can be from 5.05 mm to 500 mm. The use of such rods is advisable in a dispersant with a channel diameter from 700 mm to 1500 mm. The rods can be made in length with a variable cross-section, and the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area of the bar to the minimum cross-sectional area of the bar takes (has) a value from 1.01 to 100. For example, the cross-sectional area of the bar can vary in length from 1 mm2 to 1.1 mm2 or in the range from 1mm2 to 100mm2. The cross section may increase in the direction from one end of the rod to the other or change periodically. The dispersant can be made in such a way that the channel for the movement of the fuel mixture is made along the length with a variable flow (through) section (see Fig.6), and the ratio of the maximum flow area to the minimum flow area takes (has) a value from the range of 1.01 up to 100. If the dispersant channel is made in the form of a pipe containing a tapering part (made in the form of a diffuser) with an area of the passage section 21 constituting a value of 10000 mm2, then the area of the passage section 20 can have a value from the range of 10 100mm2 to 1,000,000mm2. In the channel of the dispersant can be located 1:10 partitions, and with the number of partitions more than one, at least two partitions 14 hours are located one above the other, parallel to each other (for example, partitions 7 and 8), and also at an angle from 0.0001 rad to 1 happy to each other. That is, angles 24 and 25 can range from 0.0001 rad to 1 rad. During the cavitation process, the dispersant grinds the asphaltenes, carbenes and carboids present in the fuel, which significantly improves the fuel combustion process, reduces the pollution of the external heating surfaces and the path of combustion products, and reduces the amount of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, soot, and benzopyrene emitted into the atmosphere. Thus, the problem of the utility model is solved. When implementing a utility model, the following technical results will be obtained: reducing the size and simplifying the design of the device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture, increasing the durability and reliability of the device for preparing for burning the fuel mixture. fifteen

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2182279 “Method of operation of a boiler plant, published May 10, 2002, according to IPC class F 22B37 / 54.

2. RF patent No. 2044960 “Device for preparing for burning waterlogged fuel oil, published on 09/27/1995, according to IPC class F23K5 / 00.

3. Application for invention No. 95115778 “Method for the preparation of fuel oil for combustion in the furnaces of hot water boilers and a device for its implementation, published on 08/20/1997, in accordance with IPC class F23K5 / 00.

Literature

Claims (11)

1. A device for preparing for burning a fuel mixture, containing at least a fuel tank, pipe, pipe fittings, pump, dispersant, characterized in that the dispersant contains a housing with a channel for moving the fuel mixture, and devices that cause cavitation when flowing around them the fuel mixture, and in the channel is located at least one partition for separating the flow of the fuel mixture and at least part of the devices or all devices that cause cavitation during flow around the fuel mixture is fixed s on the aforementioned partition or fixed on the partitions, if there are more than one of them and, in addition, devices that cause cavitation when flowing around the fuel mixture are made in the form of rods. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline is made of at least two elements between which the dispersant is located, and the dispersant contains flanges for connection with the elements of the pipeline. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elements of the pipeline contain at least one flange for connection with a dispersant. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe fitting contains at least one device for shutting off and regulating the flow of fuel (valve, valve, valve). 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device causing cavitation during the flow around the fuel mixture is made in the form of rods, and the rods contain threads for fastening on a partition to separate the moving fuel mixture and / or on the channel body, the thread being located at one of the ends of the rod in a plot of 0.1: 0.9 length of the rod. 6. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one of the aforementioned rods in cross section is made in the form of a circle or oval, and corrugation, in particular mesh netting, is applied on its side surface free of threads. 7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two rods are made different in length, and the ratio of the maximum length of one rod to the minimum length of the other rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. 8. The device according to any one of paragraphs.2, 4, characterized in that at least two rods are made with different diameters of cross sections passing at the same distance from the ends of the rods with threads, the ratio of the maximum diameter of one rod to the minimum diameter of another rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. 9. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the aforementioned rods is made along a length with a variable cross section, and the ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area of the rod to the minimum cross-sectional area of the rod takes (has) a value from the range from 1.01 to 100. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the channel there are 1:10 partitions, and with the number of partitions more than one, at least two partitions are located one above the other, parallel to each other or at an angle of 0.0001 rad up to 1 glad to each other and, in addition, the partitions are rigidly fixed in the housing. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel for the movement of the fuel mixture (in particular, water-fuel mixture, oil-gas mixture) is made along the length with a variable flow (flow) section, and the ratio of the maximum flow area to the minimum flow area takes (has) a value from the range of 1.01 to 100.