RU33764U1 - Device for punching the crust of electrolyte in aluminum electrolysis cells - Google Patents

Description

ZtHJ 121806

DEVICE FOR PUNCHING ELECTROLYTE Crust IN ALUMINUM ELECTROLYZERS

The utility model relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the electrolytic production of aluminum, namely, equipment for servicing electrolyzers, and can be used for the automated feeding of alumina and additives of electrolyzers with side current supply (BT).

Automated feeding of aluminum electrolyzers with alumina and additives (APG) provides for periodic puncturing of the electrolyte crust with pneumatic punches at predetermined points and a dosed feed of raw materials into the holes formed. The punch performs an auxiliary function and its residence time directly in the melt should be minimal (1-2 sec.). Dissolution of the punch causes fouling of the melt and its premature wear.

A device for punching an electrolyte crust containing an electromechanical drive, a rod with a punch in the body and a power screw pair, the nut of which is fixed on the punch body, and the screw is made with a longitudinal groove and is rigidly connected to the rod, an asterisk with a key is located between the nut and the body, connected with a chain drive, and the punch is made with side cutters; with their edges. (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1793011, 1993, C 25 C 3/14).

The disadvantage of this device is the installation of a pneumatic drive under the curtain of the anode casing, where there are high temperatures and an aggressive environment. Devices are in adverse temperature conditions

MKI from 25 s 3/14

operation and inconvenient to maintain, which dramatically reduces their service life. The operation of the above device is complicated, inconvenient to maintain, labor-intensive and material-intensive.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed one is the punching mechanism for punching the crust of the electrolyte in the device for the point feed of the electrolyzer with alumina. A rod with a punch which is installed vertically when removing a number of anode pins, and a pneumatic actuator is located between the bins for alumina. (USSR author's certificate JVo461973.1975, MKI S 25 C 3/14).

The disadvantage of this device is that the design provides for installation only vertically on the anode casing, while the rod with the punch pass between the anode pins. During the operation of the device, it is necessary to remove a number of anode pins vertically, which negatively affects the operation of the cell. There is an uneven current distribution over the anode, an increase in the current density over the zones and in the whole over the anode, and as a result, a decrease in current efficiency and a decrease in the technical and economic indicators of the electrolysis process.

The constructive implementation of the above device in the process does not allow to break through the crust near the anode. Therefore, the conditions for the dissolution of alumina in the electrolyzer bath are worsened, a precipitate appears on the bottom of the bath, the technological mode of operation is disrupted, and the frequency of anode effects increases. The operation of the above device is also difficult, inconvenient to maintain, labor-intensive and material-intensive.

The utility model is based on the task of developing a device for punching an electrolyte crust, the design of which would allow punching of an electrolyte crust in the vicinity;

in this way, stable and trouble-free operation and efficient dissolution of alumina and its full assimilation by the melt would be ensured, i.e. elimination of sediment on the bottom. The objective is also to reduce operating costs and simplify maintenance.

The problem is solved in that in a device for punching a crust of an electrolyte containing a pneumatic actuator, a rod with a punch and an alumina hopper, the rod is made of two parts pivotally connected, and the lower part is mounted relative to the upper with the possibility of angular movement, has at least two insulating lengths discontinuities and is equipped with a limiter of angular displacement on the guide elements, and the guide elements and the pneumatic drive are attached on separate brackets to the anode frame.

A comparative analysis of the features of the proposed solution and the characteristics of the analogue and prototype indicate that the solution meets the criterion of "novelty.

The proposed design of the device for punching the crust of the electrolyte in comparison with the prototype allows you to set the pneumatic actuator in a comfortable temperature operating conditions, simplify maintenance, increase the service life and prevents the formation of sediment on the bottom.

The execution of the rod in two parts, pivotally connected allows the destruction of the crust near the anode, the alumina is effectively dissolved and the number of anode effects is reduced.

The installation of the angular displacement limiter on the guide elements allows you to change the angle of inclination of the lower part of the rod and reject it into a safe area during technological treatments. 3

Insulation gaps, installed at least two, make it possible to exclude the cathode current from affecting the articulated joint and the pneumatic actuator during the anode effect, thereby improving reliability.

The brackets allow you to fix the pneumatic actuator and guides; their elements at a certain angle and give the structure the required rigidity and stability.

The figure shows the proposed device.

The device for punching the crust of the electrolyte consists of a pneumatic actuator 1 mounted stationary on the bracket 2 attached to the anode frame 3. The rod consists of two parts, the upper 4 and lower 5 connected by a hinge 6. The lower part 5 is connected with the possibility of angular movement relative to the upper part 4. The guiding elements 7 are fixed using the bracket 8 of the anode frame 3 and are equipped with angular displacement limiters 9 of the lower part of the rod 5. At the end of the lower part of the rod 5, a cylindrical punch 10 is installed, and along the length - insulation gaps are located 11. The lower part of the device is installed inside the anode shelter 12.

The device works significantly.

But by the action of a pneumatic actuator 1, the rod moves down, the punch 10 passes freely between the anode pins, destroys the crust of the electrolyte and alumina and / or fluorine salts enter the electrolyte. The step length of the punch 10 is from 20 to 70 mm. Typically, two to four punches are installed on the electrolyzer. During technological treatments, so that the punch 10 does not interfere with the process, the lower part of the rod 5 is released from the guide element 7 and deviates into a safe area. Rotate the lower part of the rod 5 of the device to the idle position

and pushing the punch 10 between the anode pins to temporarily hold it, while holding the guiding element 7, which is then lowered all the way into the rotated rod of the punch. Electrical insulating breaks on the rod are made of fiberglass.

Claims (1)

A device for punching the crust of an electrolyte in aluminum electrolysis cells, containing a pneumatic actuator, a rod with a punch, characterized in that the rod is made of two parts pivotally connected, and the lower part is mounted relative to the upper with the possibility of angular movement, has at least two insulating gaps located along the length and is equipped with a limiter of angular movement on the guide elements, and the guide elements and the pneumatic actuator are attached on separate brackets to the anode frame.