RU3357U1 - DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC CIRCUIT DISCONNECTION - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for galvanic isolation of electrical circuits, containing capacitors, characterized in that it is a capacitive transformer in the form of two combined capacitors, and the plates of one of them are placed between the plates of the other, not in contact with them, and form a pair of electrically connected capacitors, causing the appearance of mutual capacitance between them, thereby ensuring the transmission of an electrical signal from one (primary) electric circuit to another (secondary) without conductors.

Description

DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL DISCONNECTING

Useful m @ n «ль belongs to the field of electricity, electronics, electrical engineering and is intended for the transmission of electrical signals (both analog and digital) from one part of the electric circuit to another by means of a changing electric field, without using current-carrying conductors.

Known devices used for similar purposes are inductive transformers, the principle of which is based on the transmission of signals from one part of the electric circuit to another by means of a changing magnetic field 11, or opto-electronic pairs (optocouplers), the principle of which is based on the transmission of electrical signals by optical signals from LEDs to photodetectors 21.

The disadvantages of these known devices are relatively high power consumption, significant non-linear distortion of modulated analog signals, the inability to use in the field of small times.

The goal of the NLVN is to create a compact, economical, cheap device for the galvanic isolation of electric circuits with minimal non-linear distortion of the transmitted signals, with the expansion of the frequency range in the SEC region (no worse

gigahertz units.) i

This goal is achieved by the fact that the capacitive transformer is made in the form of two combined capacitors, and the plates of one of them are placed between the plates of the other, without touching them.

Fig. 1 shows a capacitive transformer device, and .2 shows a galvanic isolation of two electrical circuits using a capacitive transformer.

The capacitive transformer device contains (see Fig. 1) a capacitor I, the plates 2 of which are external and a capacitor 3, the plates 4 of which are internal. This design of two capacitors provides electrical connection between these capacitors, determines the presence of mutual capacitance in between them (see figure 2), which can be determined experimentally or by calculation. Thus, it is possible to transmit an electrical signal from one electrical circuit to another, without the use of conductors.

The galvanic isolation of two electrical circuits I and 2 (see figure 2) is a series connection of a capacitive transformer 3 and amplifier 4.

E5 bone transformer for galvanic isolation of electrical circuits works as follows. When applying the voltage of the transmitted signal to the plates 2 of the external capacitor I (see phagL), an alternating electric field is formed between them, changing in accordance with the change in the input signal, which induces a dynamic

electric charge on the plates 4 of the internal capacitor 3 (see figure 1). At the same time, an emf appears at the output of the internal capacitor 3 (Eir.I), causing electric current to flow through the connected load. Since the signal at the output of the capacitive transformer can be low-power, its W1 input is connected to the amplifier 4 (figure 2).

Thus, the proposed device for galvanic isolation of electrical circuits allows to obtain a compact, cheap, economical in terms of energy consumption device for galvanic isolation of two or more electrical circuits with minimal non-linear distortion in a wide frequency range.

 J. €

Information sources:

T.Matveev A.N. Electricity and magnetism. M. Higher. School, 1983.

2.Zherebtsov I.P. Fundamentals of Electronics. L. Energoatomizdat, 1990. (Prototype).

Claims (1)

A device for galvanic isolation of electrical circuits, containing capacitors, characterized in that it is a capacitive transformer in the form of two combined capacitors, and the plates of one of them are placed between the plates of the other, not in contact with them, and form a pair of electrically connected capacitors, causing the appearance of mutual capacitance between them, thereby ensuring the transmission of an electrical signal from one (primary) electric circuit to another (secondary) without conductors.