RU32630U1 - Portable device for protecting nuclear power plant personnel from radiation - Google Patents

Description

The utility model relates to devices and devices designed to protect a person from radioactive radiation, and can be used, in particular, to protect personnel serving a nuclear power plant.

Along with the stanchunar biological protection of the reactor core and its technological equipment, portable temporary protective shields and devices are used.

There are a wide variety of devices that perform the above functions. Most often, the technological equipment of a nuclear reactor or part of it is covered with metal sheets or flexible blankets containing materials that absorb radioactive radiation, for example, lead.

Such devices for temporary portable radiation protection have several disadvantages:

- lead sheets have insufficient strength and flexibility, serious problems arise during their decontamination and subsequent neutralization of toxic lead compounds.

blankets and screens made of lead-containing materials have unsatisfactory heat resistance (not more than 100 ° C), relatively low lead content (50-80% by weight of the product), and high cost for a short period of operation.

efforts, but also a long stay in the fields of ionizing radiation. Thus, the collective effective dose of personnel, slightly decreasing, is redistributed between workers.

Selected as the closest analogue, it is more suitable for protecting personnel engaged in servicing nuclear reactors, according to EPO application No. 0107947 (MKI: G21C 11/02), made in the form of a screen of many oblong narrow strip-bags, the outer layer of which is nylon or polyvinyl chloride, and the cavity is filled with lead wool at the rate of 10 pounds per 1 square. ft (about 44.5 kg / m). Neighboring strips-bags interconnected by pieces of textile fasteners (such as "Velcro"). In the upper part of each of the strips there are rollers for sliding along a wire stretched around the perimeter of the reactor.

The disadvantages of the known solutions include the fact that the bags are very heavy (135-160 kg each), which necessitates the use of hoists for their lifting and sliding. In addition, the known construction cannot be applied in horizontal sections because of the danger of “creeping of the upper strips into the lower ones and possible exposure of part of the horizontal section, for example, a pipeline. Obvious difficulties arising on curly j iacTKax equipment (pipe joints, valves, gate valves, etc.)

The utility model solves the problem of creating a flexible portable accessory for NPP personnel, which would be devoid of the above disadvantages.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the protective device is made in the form of a one-piece textile shell of a rectangular shape, which is a semi-finished pile production, i.e. stitched in the direction of thickness; shell, equipped with, in addition, two or more fittings placed on the surfaces of the shell and intended for input and, accordingly, output

.

a liquid medium that absorbs radiation, while as the above medium, liquid at the operating temperature, can be selected:

-aqueous or non-aqueous solutions of salts of heavy metals with atomic number Z 82 (lead, bismuth, uranium), preferably uranyl iodide;

Suspensions of compounds of heavy elements (oxides of lead, uranium, bismuth, etc.) in the form of particles with a diameter of 0.001 ... 0.5 mm in aqueous or non-aqueous solutions of salts of heavy elements whose density is equal to the density of particles suspended in them;

- metal alloys with low melting points, for example, Wood's alloy (Bi-40 parts by weight, Cd-7 parts by weight, Sn-10 parts by weight, Pb-10 parts by weight), Guthrie alloy (Sn 21.1 parts by weight; Pb-20.5 parts by weight; Cd-14.3 parts by weight; Bi-50.0 parts by weight).

The shell can be performed on serial technological equipment in several ways:

-quality on machines for making terry and pile fabrics;

-binding on knitting and piercing machines;

-flashing on sewing equipment.

If necessary, a polymer layer may be applied to the outer surface of the shell to seal the internal volume and facilitate decontamination.

The utility model is explained in detail with the help of the attached drawing, which shows a mäpsy container 1 filled with photo-extinguishing liquid 2. The container consists of two canvases 3 and 4 connected across the entire area with transverse threads 5. The half-loaf is sewn and sealed around the perimeter. Through-holes 6 are made in the place of joining the webs, on which the product can be suspended in any spatial position. Nipples 7 are installed in opposite parts of the container, through which, with the help of hoses (not shown in the drawing), a photo-absorbing liquid can be supplied and discharged into the internal volume of the container.

The formation of a zone protected from notes of ionizing radiation occurs as follows:

- the required number of empty soft containers in one or more layers is mounted in a room where radiation hazardous work will be carried out;

- flexible hoses are connected to the container fittings (the connection procedure is individual, serial or parallel, determined by the configuration and spatial position of the protected zone);

- from a remote, safe room with the help of pumping equipment, the photoabsorbing liquid heated to operating temperature is pumped into containers;

- containers filled with photoabsorbing liquid protect personnel from ionizing radiation flows during work in the radiation hazardous area;

- at the end of work, the photoabsorbing liquid is drained, and empty containers are dismantled and sent for decontamination.

Thanks to the use of the proposed device, the laboriousness of the formation of protected areas, the time of exposure to harmful and dangerous factors on workers, the value of individual and collective doses of radiation to NPP personnel are significantly reduced.

Claims (5)

1. A portable device for protecting nuclear power plant personnel from radioactive radiation, made in the form of a rectangular rectangular textile shell, inside which is enclosed a radiation absorbing material based on chemical elements with large atomic masses, characterized in that the radiation absorbing material is, in operating conditions, liquid, and the textile shell is equipped with two or more fittings designed respectively for inlet and outlet and located on one or another side of the shell ki. 2. The portable device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabric forming the textile cover over the entire area is connected by threads. 3. The portable device according to claim 1, characterized in that aqueous or non-aqueous solutions of heavy metal salts with atomic number Z≥82 (lead, bismuth, uranium), preferably uranyl iodide, are taken as liquid absorbing radiation material. 4. The portable device according to claim 1, characterized in that suspensions of the compounds of heavy elements (oxides of lead, uranium, bismuth, etc.) in the form of particles with a diameter of 0.001 ... 0.5 mm are taken as a liquid absorbing radiation material in aqueous or non-aqueous solutions of salts of heavy elements, the density of which is equal to the density of particles suspended in them. 5. The portable device according to claim 1, characterized in that metal alloys with low melting points, for example, Wood's alloy (Bi - 40 parts by weight, Cd - 7 parts by weight, Sn - 10 parts by weight, Pb - 10 parts by weight), Guthrie alloy (Sn - 21.1 parts by weight; Pb - 20.5 parts by weight; Cd - 14.3 parts by weight; Bi - 50.0 parts by weight).