RU32473U1 - Device for unloading bulk material - Google Patents

Description

7MPKV65-D88 / 66

Device for unloading bulk material.

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of engineering and can be used when unloading bulk materials from bins.

A device for the destruction of the arch of bulk material inside the hopper, containing a large hopper at the top of which a loading window is made, and at the bottom there is a estrus with a slide gate. On the side surface of the hopper, on the outside, a pneumatic vibrator is rigidly fixed. The working body of the vibrator constantly strikes the body of the bunker and creates an oscillating impulse to the entire bunker together with bulk material located inside the bunker (see, for example, the book by G.S. Konstantopulo, Mechanical equipment of concrete products factories, M., “Stroyizdat, 1993 p. 316, 317, fig. 13.10)

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the destruction of the arch of bulk material located near the walls of the hopper due to the fact that the sintering force of the bulk material exceeded the vibrational energy of the vibrator and its layer was not destroyed due to the fact that energy from the vibrator was transmitted through the walls of the hopper. As a rule, the vibrator is installed in the lower part of the hopper and in this place the material was constantly located over the entire area of the hopper. Therefore, the strength of the vibrational impulse was transmitted through the entire layer of material and was quenched by the opposite wall of the hopper body. The destruction efficiency of the arch of material in this device is negligible. In addition, the rigid mount of the vibrator itself on the wall of the hopper was quickly destroyed by the vibrator itself since there is no assembly

damping of arising loads on the vibrator frame and, as a result, it tears off the bunker wall with subsequent destruction of the vibrator itself during operation.

It is also known a device for destroying the arch of bulk material, in which the site of destruction of the material is made in the form of a single elastic plate, to which mechanical vibrations are transmitted from an electric eccentric vibrator and installed inside the hopper. (see, for example, the Handbook of loading and unloading under the editorship of M.P. Ryauzov, M., “Storyizdat, 1988, p. 348, fig. U11. 31).

The disadvantage of this device is the complex design and inefficient destruction of bulk material near the walls of the hopper.

The technical task of the proposed solution is to eliminate the above disadvantages, increase the service life and increase the reliability of the device during operation.

The specified technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for the destruction of bulk material containing a receiving hopper with a loading hatch and estrus with a gate, a vibrator for creating vibrations mounted on the outer side surface of the hopper using a rigid frame, the working body of the vibrator is located inside the hopper and passes through hole, and the vibrator itself is mounted on the side surface of the hopper through an elastic element.

In FIG. 1 - shows a General view of the proposed device with local cutouts.

Figure 2 is a section along A - A of Fig. 1.

As shown in figure 1, the proposed device for unloading bulk material from hoppers and large containers contains a hopper 1, in the upper part of which there is a loading hatch 2, and in its lower part there is a heat 3 with a slide gate (not shown). Not the outer side surface 4 of the hopper 1 on the rigid frame 5 through the elastic diaphragm 6

the vibrator 7 is fixed with the central working body 8. The working body 8 of the vibrator 7 passes through the through hole 9, and its cv1) the bodily end 10 is located inside the cavity of the hopper directly in the bulk material 12. At the free end 10 of the body 8, a thickening 13 is made, which performs a return - translational movement and destroys the arch of the material 12. There are several such vibrators 7 on the hopper and in those places where the movement of the material 12 is difficult.

The operation of the proposed device is carried out as follows. Inside the hopper 1 through the hatch 2, material 12 is poured into the processing (for example, mixing). In this case, estrus 3 is blocked by a slide gate and material 12 does not leave hopper 1. After the processing is finished, the gate opens and material begins to sleep through estrus 3 from hopper 1. The movement of material 12 in hopper 1 begins in the central part where the hole is located, and near the walls of the arch of the material 12 hangs. To destroy it, one or all of the vibrators 7 are turned on. In this case, the working body 8, together with the thickening 13 at the end 10, begins to make a reciprocating movement and creates an oscillating pulse, which is transmitted directly to the material 12 and destroys its arch directly at the walls of the hopper 1. Reaction forces from the operation of the vibrator 7 are perceived by the elastic diaphragm 6 and are not transmitted to the body of the hopper 1 The vibrator 7 itself, together with the body 8, is displaced in any direction, depending on the loads on the working body 8 from the density of the material. Therefore, the diameter D of the hole 9 in the side surface 4 of the hopper 1 is larger than the diameter D of the working body 8. But at the same time, the diameter of the hole D should be less than the size of the frame 5 in order to exclude the exit of the hole 9 to the outer surface 4 of the hopper 1. Having destroyed the arch of the material 12 and ensuring its loosening, the vibrators 7 are turned off. Then the slide gate of the estrus 3 is closed, a new portion of the material 12 is loaded through the hatch 2 into the hopper 1 and the process is repeated. Diaphragm material 6 can

to be made not of an elastic material, but at the same time, compression springs (not gukazano) are installed in the area of the vibrator 7 to the frame 5.

Placing the vibrator body on the frame of the hopper through the elastic element, allows for free oscillation of the working body together with the vibrator in all planes depending on the density of the material itself. In addition, the through hole in the side wall of the hopper is larger than the size of the working body but smaller than the size of the frame to the hopper, allows you to expand the angle of displacement of the working body of the vibrator during operation and to prevent the formation of a free cavity on the hopper.

Using the proposed technical solution will increase the life of the vibrator by 2-5 times and improve the conditions for removing material from the hopper compared with the known designs of devices for similar purposes. Engineer - Patent Specialist JM / sh I.D. Plekhanov

Claims (4)

1. A device for unloading bulk materials containing a receiving hopper with a loading hatch and estrus with a gate, a vibrator with a movable working body for creating vibrations mounted on the side surface of the receiving hopper using a rigid frame, characterized in that the central working body of the vibrator is located inside the bulk material, and the vibrator body itself is mounted on the side surface of the hopper through an elastic element. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working body of the vibrator passes through the through hole of the hopper, and the overall size of the through hole is made larger than the diameter of the working body and less than the size of the base of the rigid frame. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is made of rubber. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of a compression spring.