RU32380U1 - Device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs - Google Patents

Description

DEVICE FOR DIAGNOSTIC STATE

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to photopulsomotorography in surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, dentistry, otorhinolaryngology, gastroenterology, proctology or the diagnosis of the condition of hollow organs before and after treatment measures.

A known probe for sectoral pulsomotorography, containing a glass tube with a radiation source located in it, which uses an LED with a limited radiation angle, and a photodiode that receives reflected light transmitted through the thickness of the myometrium. By rotating the probe about its axis, the pulse-motorogram of all four walls of the organ is sequentially studied (Sigal Z.M., Tochilov SL, Transillumination surgical technology. Izhevsk, 1988, p. 28-29) - 1.

A disadvantage of the known device is the small light coverage of a single site of study, because a standard optocoupler is installed in it, which has a “dead zone, as a result of which the effect of receiving an electric signal from the object under study is lost or reduced

A device for studying the motor function of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consists of electrodes for removing bioelectric potentials from the patient’s body, a complex filter system that selects the useful component of the electrical signal recording device (EGS-4M gastrograph) - 2.

This device has reduced sensitivity, noise immunity and low reliability of the information received, due to the fact that the motor activity of the digestive tract is judged by its bioelectric activity.

2 ™ oz 1 ™ i2l

Hollow Organs

MPKA61V5 / 05

A device for studying the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract, consisting of a protective tube in which a pressure sensor is placed, which is used as a strain gauge (Gastropolygraph ПЖ-64) - 3.

The known device is characterized by low sensitivity of the pressure sensor due to its small overall dimensions, as well as low temperature stability.

It is also known a device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs containing a housing in which a light source and a diode are located, separated by a lightproof partition. The light detector is made in the form of a diode, and the light source in the form of an emitter with circular lighting (Patent No. 2112420, АВВ 5/103, 5/05, publ. 10.06.98) - 4.

The device is inserted into the studied hollow organ (for example, into the uterine cavity). The light produced by an incandescent lamp - a source with a circular radiation pattern, is reflected from the mucous membrane and gets on a diode, which transmits electrical signals about the state of the investigated organ to the receiving device. In the case of pathological changes in the mucous membrane, a large absorption of light occurs. Depending on the amount of absorbed light, the degree of the disease (compaction, loosening, softening, etc.) is diagnosed.

A device for studying the motor function of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, containing a sensor, presented in the form of an infrared optoelectronic pair, in which the emitter and the receiver are separated by a lightproof partition (Patent No. 2154410, A61B 5/05, publ. 20.08.2000) - 5. Sensor is introduced into the investigated hollow organ to a predetermined depth. The emitted signal reflected from the inner wall of the investigated organ is perceived by the receiver. During the passage of the peristaltic wave through the organ, a change in the distance between the wall of the organ under investigation and the sensor leads to a change in the illumination of the receiver. The generated signal reflects the motor activity of the organ under study.

The disadvantage of the devices (Patent No. 2112420 - the prototype of the invention according to the first embodiment, patent No. 2154410 - the prototype of the invention according to the second embodiment) is the low value of the energy collection coefficient of the radiant flux - 6, reflected from biological tissue. This is due to the limited irradiated surface area due to the use of a flat opaque partition. In this case, a significant part of the emitted flux falls into the dead zone, i.e. the area in which the reflected signal does not reach the receiver of optical radiation. All this reduces the reliability of the diagnosis.

The utility model solves the problem of increasing the integrated sensitivity and reliability of the diagnosis of the condition of hollow organs by increasing the coefficient of radiant flux energy collection by expanding the coverage area of the illuminated surface.

The problem is solved by using the secondary reflection effect of part of the emitted and reflected streams, which leads to the expansion of the area of the investigated surface area of the diagnosed organ, for which the device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs, containing a transparent case, the source and the receiver of optical radiation placed in it, are opaque the partition between them, the partition is made in the form of a cone with a side reflective surface, the top of which is directed to the photodetector with an axial diag ammality, and the base - to the source of optical radiation with a circular radiation pattern (1st option) or in a device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs containing a transparent body, the source and the receiver of optical radiation placed in it, a lightproof partition between them, the partition is made in in the form of two cones having lateral reflective surfaces and a common base, and the tops of the cones are directed to the photodetector and optical radiation source with axial radiation patterns (2nd var iant).

The proposed design of the device allows to increase the value of the energy collection coefficient of the radiant flux, and hence the integral sensitivity of the device due to the re-reflection of part of the emitted flux, leading to an increase in the area of the illuminated area. According to the calculations, the optimal angle at the apex of the cone is 120 ° ... 140 °, which at a distance from the device’s axis to the organ under study of 5 ... 10 mm gives an increase in the energy collection coefficient of the radiant flux 5-6 times more compared to with a coefficient for a photodetector with the same receiving window when using a flat opaque partition.

The power of the optical radiation source is supplied from a voltage-current converter connected to a device for smoothly setting the output current, which can significantly improve the stability of characteristics and the durability of the optical radiation source.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1 - FIG. 2, where:

FIG. 1 - Device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs (1 option).

FIG. 2 - Device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs (2 option).

The device of FIG. 1 contains a transparent housing 1, made in the form of a sealed tube. An optical radiation source (IOI) 2 with a circular radiation pattern (incandescent lamp) and an optical radiation receiver (POI) 3 with an axial radiation pattern (photodiode or phototransistor) are installed inside the tube. A light-tight partition 4 in the form of a cone with a lateral reflecting surface, the top of which is directed to the photodetector 3, and the base to the radiation source 2, is installed between IOI 2 and POI 3.

diode or phototransistor) have axial radiation patterns. Between IOI 9 and POI 3, a lightproof partition 10 is installed in the form of two cones having side reflective surfaces and a common base, with the top of one cone pointing towards the photodetector 3, and the other to the radiation source 9.

Wires 5 are connected respectively to IOI 2, (9) and the output of the voltage-current converter 6, the input of which is connected to a smooth setting device 7.

POI 3 is connected to a device for processing and recording received electrical signals (not shown in the drawing).

The device operates as follows.

The device is inserted into the hollow organ under investigation 8 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), after which smoothly increasing power is supplied from the current source to the IOI. Optical radiation from the IOI falls on the investigated part of the organ and is reflected from its walls. The intensity of the reflected radiation is functionally related to the coefficient of absorption of radiation in the tissue, the amount of blood flow in it and the distance to the studied area. The reflected optical signal with the help of POI is converted into an electric signal, and then it is fed to the processing and recording device.

Due to the installation of a cone 4 (1st option) and a double-sided cone 10 (2nd option) with reflective side surfaces as an opaque barrier between the IOI and POI, the area of the illuminated surface of the organ under study increases, which increases the flux of reflected optical radiation incident on POI.

Depending on the area of application of the device, a diagnostic assessment of the state of the site of the organ under investigation takes place according to the value of the received reflected signal. sti hollow organs, as well as thyroid respiratory wave. registration of the mechanical component is possible 1.Sigal Z.M., Tochilov S.L., Transillumination surgical technology. Izhevsk, 1988, p. 28-29;

2.Sobakin M.A. Clinical and physiological technique of electrogastrographic studies of the motor activity of the stomach during digestion. Bulletin of Experimental Biology, 1954, p. 12-14;

3.Arbinsky V.M. Physiology and pathology of the motor function of the esophagus. M., Science, p. 27-31;

4. A device for the diagnosis of hollow organs RU 2112420 MKI A 61 B 5/103, 5/05 published on 10.06.98;

5. A device for the study of the motor function of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract RU 2154410 C1 IPC A 61 5/05 published on 08/20/2000;

6. Biophysical substantiation of photoplethysmography in reflected light / M.I. Gaiduk, V.V. Grigoryants, V.N. Zaitsev, etc. // Med. Technique. - 1990.№2.-p. 4-8.

Literature

1. A device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs, comprising a transparent body, an optical radiation source and receiver placed therein, an opaque barrier between them, characterized in that the opaque barrier is made in the form of a cone with a reflective side surface, the apex of which is directed to a photodetector with an axial diagram directivity, and the base - to a source of optical radiation with a circular radiation pattern,

2. A device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs, comprising a transparent body, an optical radiation source and receiver located therein, an opaque partition between them, characterized in that the partition is made in the form of two cones having reflective side surfaces and a common base, and the tops of the cones are directed to a photodetector and an optical radiation source with axial radiation patterns.

Device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs

Claims (2)

1. A device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs, comprising a transparent body, an optical radiation source and receiver located therein, an opaque barrier between them, characterized in that the opaque barrier is made in the form of a cone with a reflective side surface, the apex of which is directed to a photodetector with an axial diagram directivity, and the base - to a source of optical radiation with a circular radiation pattern. 2. A device for diagnosing the condition of hollow organs, comprising a transparent body, an optical radiation source and receiver located therein, an opaque partition between them, characterized in that the partition is made in the form of two cones having reflective side surfaces and a common base, and the tops of the cones are directed to a photodetector and an optical radiation source with axial radiation patterns.