RU31034U1 - Flight simulator seat with vibration and noise simulators - Google Patents

Description

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Flight simulator seat with vibration and noise simulators

The utility model relates to aviation technology and can be used in a flight simulator with a modeling system of acoustic (noise) and vibration loads acting on the pilot and aircraft (LA), for example, during take-off, run along the runway (runway), flight at critical angles of attack, etc. when simulating the vibrations and noise of an aircraft, flying in clouds, and also when simulating the operation of aircraft engines that meet the conditions of a real flight.

For training pilot navigation navigational conditions in close to real conditions, various methods and devices are used in flight simulators.

For example, imitation devices are known in which vibrator simulators act directly on the aircraft cabin (application RU No. 95119284, G09B9 / 08, pr. 1995, op. 1997)

The well-known simulation device is complex in its design, makes the flight simulator heavier, requires large material costs not only during manufacture, but also during its operation. In addition, since the cockpit and equipment of the flight simulator are constantly vibrating, this leads to a decrease in useful life and a decrease in the life of the equipment and the simulator as a whole.

Known vibration simulation devices, the vibration mechanism of which is located directly in the seat of the trained pilot, (for example, shaking (vibration) simulator KTS-6, NPO ERA, Penza; RU No. 1360443, G09B9 / 08, 1987, op. 2002, fig. . 1 - prototype).

In the known device, the flight simulator seat contains a seat base, the racks of which are mounted on damping supports, seat elements in the form of a backrest, armrests, etc., a vibration excitation mechanism.

The known device is characterized by design complexity, includes both electrical and mechanical parts, while due to strong vibrations the useful life of the mechanical part is limited. In addition, in the known device, the vibration simulation is inadequate to the conditions that arise in real flight, since the vibration simulation occurs in a mode with a narrow, constant frequency and amplitude of vibration

G09B9 / 08

Thus, the objective of the invention is to simplify the design of a flight simulator device that simulates vibration and noise loads acting on a pilot in conditions as close as possible to real ones, for example, during run along a runway, in flight at critical angles of attack, in clouds, etc. etc., as well as the cheapening of the cost of its manufacture and operation.

The problem is achieved in that in the known device of the flight simulator seat with vibration and noise simulators, containing the seat base, the racks of which are mounted on damping supports and vibration and noise excitation mechanisms, the seat base is made in the form of a closed volume with rigid side walls, upper and lower shelves mounted on the base, vibration and noise excitation mechanisms are implemented in the form of a speaker installed in the base, the outlet of which is fixed to the separation diaphragm gme and directed towards the top shelf back and input is connected through an amplifier with a driving device computing system, vsholnen seat cover of air-tight material, and the upper shelf - a screen with uniformly spaced perforations, while in the lower flange vsholneno hole.

Implementation of vibration and noise excitation mechanisms in the form of a speaker (acoustic emitter) allows you to combine vibration simulators and noise simulators in the flight simulator, which greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of the design of the device as a whole, and reduces its dimensions.

The computing complex (VC) allows you to simulate the initial variables and solve problems in real time mashgab both by joint simulation of acoustic and vibration loads acting in real flight conditions on the pilot, and with their separate simulation.

The presence of an amplifier ensures the functionality of the device by creating the required characteristics of the radiation of the excited waves in various frequency ranges and amplitudes of wave oscillations in accordance with the conditions of a real flight L. A.

The implementation of the base of the seat in the form of a closed volume with rigid side walls, upper and lower shelves mounted on the base, allows you to create a free air environment for the propagation of sound waves excited with certain frequency and amplitude characteristics.

The acoustic signal from the speaker emitter (depending on the simulated joint or separate simulation of acoustic and vibration loads), being an audio wave signal of a certain VC frequency, interacting with the diaphragm.

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causes mechanical vibrational disturbances in it of the corresponding frequency, that is, it serves as an acoustic resonator.

The acoustic waves excited by the speaker’s emitter, acting on the separation diaphragm, cause strong mechanical oscillation of the latter, while the waves propagating in the output part of the speaker — a horn with a variable cross section with gradually increasing transverse dimensions of the cross-sectional areas — allow you to form a strictly directed desired sound field structure uniformly acting through the upper shelf of the seat with perforations on an airtight cover, and then on the pilot.

The airtight cover and the rigid side walls of the seat base, being rigid reflective screens for sound waves, do not pass the excited waves in the lateral direction and contribute to their directed radiation towards the upper shelf, through the perforations - to the airtight cover and then to the pilot.

To compensate for the vibrations caused by the speaker’s membrane, an air intake is provided through an opening in the lower shelf of the seat base, and the presence of damping supports on which the seat base stands are mounted allows reducing vibration loads on the equipment and the flight simulator cabin as a whole.

A speaker horn with a variable cross-section, the output of which is directed towards the upper flange of the pilot’s seat, as well as the presence of uniform perforation on the hard screen of the upper flange of the seat base, allow the directional motion of the flow of excited waves to be formed, provide a decrease in the speed of propagation of waves on a solid surface, and, as the consequence is a high directivity and uniformity of emission of sound waves that excite mechanical vibrations directly to the trained pilot.

Thus, the implementation of the proposed device of the flight simulator seat allows both joint and separate simulation of vibration and acoustic loads on the pilot during the piloting process with characteristics close to real flight conditions in a rather simple and more expedient way, due to simplification of design, smaller overall dimensions, mass and the cost of manufacturing and operating the flight simulator.

The proposed device is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for simulating acoustic and vibration loads arising in real flight conditions of an aircraft.

The flight simulator seat with vibration and noise simulators contains a seat base 1 (see Fig. 1). Racks 2 of the base 1 are mounted on damping supports 3, rigidly fixed to the floor 4 of the cockpit of the flight simulator (not shown).

The base of the seat 1 is made in the form of a closed truncated pyramid. In this case, the upper shelf 5 of the base 1 is made in the form of a screen with perforations 6 evenly spaced across its entire surface. The side walls 7 are deaf, and a hole 9 is made on the lower shelf 8.

An elastic elastic pillow 10 is fixed on the upper shelf 5. The upper shelf 5 and the side 7 walls are covered with an airtight cover 11.

The vibration and noise excitation mechanism is made in the form of a speaker 13 installed in the base 1 on the diaphragm 12. In this case, the speaker 14 of the speaker 13, with the membrane 15 fixed therein, is directed towards the upper shelf 5 and is integral with the diaphragm 12 having a central outlet 16.

The controls 17 of the aircraft are connected via sensors (not shown) by the control signal 18 to a computer complex 19 that solves the problems of modeling noise and vibration loads corresponding to the characteristics of real conditions and transmits signals from a noise simulator 20 and signals from a vibration simulator 21 to an amplifier 22, the output of which 23 is connected with the input 24 of the speaker 12 (figure 2).

The device operates as follows.

The control signal 18 from the pilot’s influence on the aircraft’s controls 17 is supplied to the VK 19, which solves the problems of modeling the conditions corresponding to the conditions of a real flight depending on the control signal 18 and the flight characteristics embedded in the VK in accordance with the flight task.

The signals 20,21, jointly or separately, depending on the simulated characteristics, are fed to an amplifier 22, which generates acoustic wave signals with predetermined frequency and oscillation characteristics, while the output 23 of the amplifier 22 is connected to the input 24 of the speaker 13.

The acoustic waves excited in the dynamics 13, causing frequency fluctuations with a given amplitude in the membrane 15, are directed upward in the horn 14 to the diaphragm 12 and through the outlet 16 fill the air space formed between the diaphragm 12 and the upper shelf 5 of the seat base 1 of the flight chair.

(th walkie-talkies 6 and cause mechanical deformations leading to mechanical oscillation of the seat 1 of the flight seat.

In this case, a sound field is formed, directed upward, towards the pilot.

The mechanical vibrations of the membrane 12, directed to the lower 8 shelf, are damped by air intake through the hole 8 and transmitted to the damping supports 4, which protect the equipment and the flight simulator cabin from undesirable vibration loads.

The side walls 7 and the airtight cover 11 prevent the propagation of sound waves in the lateral direction.

The author made a prototype of the proposed device, which is expected to be implemented at JSC “Aeromash Minsk.

Preliminary tests showed that, in contrast to the analogue of KTS-6. manufactured by the ERA, Penza, in which the frequency and amplitude of the vibrations of the pilot’s seat during take-off and run in GDP are proportional to the speed of the aircraft., in the proposed device, the vibration frequency is regulated in the entire operating range that occurs on a real aircraft frequency.

In addition, the proposed device is simpler and cheaper to manufacture and operate. The absence of a mechanical part in simulators of noise and vibrations allows to increase the useful life of the flight simulator as a whole.

Author - applicant: lMj.tt4-- A.V. Eliseev

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Claims (2)

1. The flight simulator seat with vibration and noise simulators, comprising a seat base, the struts of which are mounted on damping supports and vibration and noise excitation mechanisms, characterized in that the seat base is made in the form of a closed volume with rigid side walls, upper and lower shelves fixed on the basis, vibration and noise excitation mechanisms are made in the form of a speaker installed in the base, the outlet of which is fixed to the separation diaphragm and directed towards the upper shelf seats, and the input is connected through an amplifier to the master of the computing complex. 2. The chair according to claim 1, characterized in that the seat cover is made of airtight material, the upper shelf is in the form of a screen with evenly spaced perforations, while an opening is made in the lower shelf.