RU30547U1 - Modification of an electrocardiographic electrode for limbs - Google Patents

Description

MODIFICATION

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ELECTRODE FOR EXTREMITIES

The utility model relates to medicine, namely, functional diagnostics in pediatrics and, above all, neonatology.

An electrocardiographic study in neonatology is used in the complex diagnosis of congenital heart defects, myocardial diseases, circulatory system adaptation disorders in various pathological conditions, as well as in a comprehensive examination of children in a hospital. However, the use of a universal electrocardiographic electrode for limbs in order to register an electrocardiogram in newborns and young children has limitations due to its design features.

As a prototype of the claimed utility model, the authors propose the JYRJA 943112002 underlay electrode (GOST 25995-83) from the standard equipment of the EK1T-OZM2 electrocardiograph of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant. The electrode is a plate of light-alloy electrically conductive material with two socket sockets for connection to the cable plug of electrocardiographic leads and a button for attaching a rubber band. Geometrically, the plate is a rectangular parallelepiped with dimensions: length - 50 mm, width - 20 mm, height - 2 mm. The short outer edges of the plate are rounded. The lower, working surface of the plate is intended for contact with the skin of the subject and has a deposition of an alloy containing silver. On the opposite surface of the plate on each side, at a distance of 8 mm from its short outer edge, there are one socket of connectors for connecting the electrode with the cable plug of the electrocardiographic leads. Sockets of connectors form a single unit with the plate and are made of the same material. The holes of the sockets of the connectors are turned in opposite directions in such a way that the connection of the electrocardiographic cable

knowledge is possible from any direction. Each nest is a hollow cylinder with a height of 20 mm, with an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm. One base of the cylinder is sealed, the other has a hole with a depth of 18 mm, the size of which corresponds to the inner diameter. Actually, the socket jacks are parallel to the surface of the plate and to each other and perpendicular to the length of the plate. Outside the nests are covered with plastic covers. Each socket of the connector is connected to the plate with a foot measuring 13.5x3x4 mm. In the center of the non-working surface of the plate there is a button 11 mm high for attaching the electrode to the limb of the subject using rubber tape. The tape is made of elastic rubber and has the following dimensions: length 400 mm, width 27.5 mm, thickness 1.3 mm. The edges of the tape are rounded. In the center of the tape there are 19 holes with a diameter of 2.5 mm, which alternate with a pitch of 20 mm.

When fixing the electrode on the patient’s limbs with a rubber band, the electrocardiographic leads cable is connected perpendicular to the axis of the limb.

Some disadvantages of using a universal electrocardiographic electrode for limbs in order to register an electrocardiogram in newborns and infants are:

-Mismatch in the size of the electrode to the size of the limbs of the subject. The circumference of the newborn's forearm in the wrist joint at the electrode attachment site is on average 8-11 cm, while the size of the plate is 2x5 cm.

-Lack of electrode fastening. With the existing pitch of the holes of the rubber tape, either the patient’s limb is pressed, or the electrode is not attached tight enough. In the first case, swelling and cyanosis of the limb of the child often develops, and hemorrhages can also occur (according to the type of symptom of “tourniquet”). In addition, even slight compression of the limb during application of the rubber tape leads to anxiety of the child, which complicates the registration of the electrocardiogram and lengthens the time required for the study. In the second case, interference occurs on the recorded electrocardiogram due to insufficiently tight contact of the electrode surface with the skin of the subject. When you try to reduce the pitch of the holes on the rubber tape, the latter easily breaks when the electrode is applied.

- Connecting the cable of electrocardiographic leads perpendicular to the axis of the limbs of the newborn child. According to the methodology for registering an electrocardiogram in newborns, during the examination, the baby is swaddled in order to calm the newborn and limit its motor activity, which helps to improve the quality of the recorded electrocardiographic signal by eliminating interference from movements and muscle tremors. When connecting the cable plug of the electrocardiographic leads perpendicular to the axis of the limb, dense swaddling is difficult due to the large size of the plug.

Due to the fact that these shortcomings of the electrode for the extremities significantly complicate the procedure for registering electrocardiograms in newborns and infants, the authors propose its modification, intended for use in functional diagnostics in pediatrics, and, above all, in neonatology (Fig. 1).

A utility model is as follows.

The electrode consists of a plate made of light-alloy electrically conductive material and one socket of a connector for connection to the cable plug of electrocardiographic leads. The plate (1) is geometrically a rectangular parallelepiped and has dimensions: length - 22 mm, width - 20 mm, thickness - 2 mm. The outer edges of the plate are rounded. The lower, working surface of the plate (2) is intended for contact with the skin of the subject and has a spraying of an alloy containing silver. In the center of the opposite part of the plate there is a socket of the connector (3) for connecting the electrode with the plug of the cable of electrocardiographic leads. The socket of the connector is a hollow cylinder made of the same material as the plate and has a height of 20 mm, an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm. One base of the cylinder is sealed, the other has a hole with a diameter of 4 mm and a depth of 18 mm. The cylinder is connected to the plate on the leg (4) with dimensions of 13.5x3x4 mm. The socket of the connector has a plastic casing (5) on the outside.

The electrode is fastened with a piece of rubber belt (6) 160 mm long, 25 mm wide and approximately 1.3 mm thick. The edges of the rubber belt are rounded. 55 mm sticky fasteners (7) are sewn from opposite sides at a distance of 5 mm from the outer edges of the belt. In the center of the belt there is a slot for attaching to the leg of the electrode with dimensions of 13x3 mm. The slot is perpendicular to the long side of the rubber belt. Velcro sewn with durable nylon threads. The elasticity of the rubber belt allows you to flash it with needles without damage.

When the electrode is applied to the limb of the subject, the plug of the cable of the electrocardiographic leads is located along the axis of the limb.

Benefits of the utility model:

- The working surface of the electrode corresponds to the size of the limb, which contributes to a closer contact of the electrode with the skin of the patient and better quality of the recorded electrocardiographic signal.

- The attachment of the electrode is quite tight, but does not cause compression of the limb. Therefore, complications in the form of swelling, limb cyanosis and the appearance of hemorrhage on the skin at the site of application of the electrode do not develop. In addition, the application of an electrode without tightening the rubber band on the buttons does not cause discomfort in a newborn child.

-Connecting the cable of electrocardiographic leads is carried out along the axis of the limb, which allows you to tightly swaddle the child and register the electrocardiogram in a calm condition of the patient.

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA

Modification of an electrocardiographic electrode for limbs, which is a plate of light-alloy electrically conductive material in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped 50 mm long, 20 mm wide, 2 mm thick with rounded outer edges, with connector slots in the form of 2 hollow cylinders 20 mm long, with one sealed end and a hole with a diameter of 4 mm on the other with a plastic casing on the outside, attached with a button to a rubber tape, characterized in that the plate length is 22 mm, the socket of the connector is in the center of the reverse contact surface of the side of the plate, and the electrode is mounted on a rubber belt 160 mm long, 25 mm wide and 1.3 mm thick with rounded ends, 5 mm Velcro fasteners are sewn at a distance of 5 mm from the outer edges of the belt, there is a slot in the center of the belt measuring 13x3 mm for attaching to the leg of the electrode.

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Claims (1)

Modification of an electrocardiographic electrode for limbs, which is a plate of light-alloy electrically conductive material in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped 50 mm long, 20 mm wide, 2 mm thick with rounded outer edges, with connector slots in the form of 2 hollow cylinders 20 mm long, with one sealed end and a hole with a diameter of 4 mm on the other, with a plastic casing on the outside, attached with a button to a rubber tape, characterized in that the plate length is 22 mm, the connector socket is the center of the reverse contact surface of the side of the plate, and the electrode is mounted on a rubber belt 160 mm long, 25 mm wide and 1.3 mm thick with rounded ends, 5 mm Velcro fasteners are sewn at a distance of 5 mm from the outer edges of the belt, there is a slot in the center of the belt measuring 13 × 3 mm for attaching to the leg of the electrode.