RU30289U1 - REACTOR FOR CATALYTIC PROCESSES - Google Patents

Description

REACTOR FOR CATALYTIC PROCESSES

The utility model relates to apparatuses for reaction and mass transfer processes, in particular, to catalytic cracking, reforming and hydrotreating reactors for gasoline, diesel fuel, oils and others, and can be used in petrochemical, chemical and other industries.

Known reactor with a stationary catalyst bed with axial movement of the gas-feed mixture, (see, for example, US Pat. France No. 2113249, VOI 9 / 00.1972).

Known reactor has significant hydraulic resistance.

The closest in technical essence is the reactor selected by the applicant for the prototype, comprising a casing with a lid and a bottom, an outlet, gas supply and outlet pipes, a perforated pipe installed in the center of the casing, a blank plate located on top of the perforated pipe, a switchgear in the form perforated grooves and a catalyst layer located between the housing and perforated grooves in the form of one layer (see, for example, Oil Refining Handbook, G. Lastovkin and others L. Chemistry, 1986, p. 399-400).

The known reactor operates according to a radial flow pattern, which reduces the hydraulic resistance of the gas-phase flow. However, the known reactor is expensive to manufacture and has significant difficulties in mounting the gutters in the reactor vessel. In places between the gutters there is an uneven distribution.

200310

BO1J8 / 00

as a result, stagnant zones are formed. The catalyst during operation is compacted, abraded, the height of the catalyst layer decreases, which leads to the formation of a bypass. The efficiency of the reactor is also reduced due to the flow of vapor-gas mixture unreacted with the catalyst into the upper part of the perforated pipe.

The technical problem, which the utility model is aimed at, is to simplify manufacturing and installation, increase work efficiency due to the uniform distribution of flows and pressure drop over the height of the reactor, prevent the formation of bypass flow, ensure a high degree of purification with low hydraulic resistance and stabilize energy level of the process.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by the fact that a reactor for catalytic processes, comprising a housing with a lid and a bottom, nozzles for introducing a gas-raw material mixture and outputting reaction products, a perforated pipe installed in the center of the housing, a blank plate located above the perforated pipe, a distribution device and the catalyst layer located between the switchgear and the perforated pipe, according to a utility model, it is equipped with partitions of alternating height at a distance from each other, a cap mi, the switchgear is made in the form of a perforated shell, while the perforated shell is installed coaxially in the housing at a distance relative to its walls, connected to a blank plate, the partitions are made in the form of disks with central holes with diameters equal to the diameter of the perforated pipe, the edges of which are attached to the perforated pipe, one of the partitions is fixed

peripheral edges to the body, and others to the perforated

the shell and at the level of the last partitions in the perforated pipe are plugs, parts of the surfaces of the perforated pipe located below the planes of the partitions are made solid.

It is advisable to place the partitions at different distances from each other.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a reactor for catalytic processes.

In FIG. 2 section along aa of figure 1.

In FIG. 3 a section along BB of FIG. 1.

In FIG. 4-node In FIG. 1

The reactor for catalytic processes comprises a housing 1 with a lid 2, and a bottom 3, nozzles 4,5, respectively, for introducing a gas-gas mixture and outputting reaction products, a perforated pipe 6 mounted in the center of the housing, a blank plate 7 located on top of the perforated pipe, distribution a device 8 in the form of a perforated shell and a catalyst layer 9, placed between the housing and the perforated shell. The perforated shell is installed coaxially in the housing at a distance relative to its walls, connected to a blank plate. The reactor is equipped with alternating baffles 10,11, with plugs 12 in height at a distance from each other, the baffles are made in the form of disks with central holes with diameters equal to the diameter of the perforated pipe, the edges of which are attached to the perforated pipe, one of the partitions 10 is fixed by peripheral edges to the body, and other partitions 11 to the perforated shell and at the level of the partitions. And in the perforated pipe are plugs, parts of the surfaces

perforated pipes located below the planes of the partitions are solid.

It is advisable to place the partitions at different distances from each other.

The reactor for catalytic processes operates as follows.

The gas-raw material mixture flows from above through the inlet pipe into the gap formed between the reactor vessel and the perforated shell, moves in the radial direction, passes through the catalyst layer into the central perforated pipe. Then, changing the direction from the center to the periphery through the underlying catalyst bed moves to the periphery of the reactor. Further, enveloping the underlying partition, it enters the gap and moves in the radial direction through the next underlying catalyst layer to the central perforated pipe, etc. A zigzag motion of flows forms along the height of the reactor, which leads to an increase in the working zone. The reaction products are removed from the bottom of the perforated pipe through the outlet pipe.

The reactor is reliable and efficient in operation, provides a high degree of purification with low hydraulic resistance, prevents the formation of bypass flows, ensures uniform distribution of flows.

Authors: .P. Lebedev Applicant - Patent Holder

OOOPPK Kedr-89 / | §SS

  V.G. Chekmenev

Claims (2)

1. A reactor for catalytic processes, comprising a housing with a lid and a bottom, nozzles for introducing a gas-raw material mixture and outputting reaction products, a perforated pipe mounted in the center of the housing, a blank plate located above the perforated pipe, a distribution device and a catalyst layer located between the distribution device and perforated pipe, characterized in that it is equipped with alternating in height at a distance from each other partitions, plugs, the switchgear is made in the form of perforated shell, while the perforated shell is mounted coaxially in the housing at a distance relative to its walls, connected to a blank plate, the partitions are made in the form of disks with central holes with diameters equal to the diameter of the perforated pipe, the edges of which are attached to the perforated pipe, one of the partitions is fixed peripheral the edges to the body, and others to the perforated shell and at the level of the last partitions in the perforated pipe are plugs, parts of the perforated surfaces pipe, located below the planes of the partitions, made solid. 2. The reactor for catalytic processes according to claim 1, characterized in that the partitions are located at different distances from each other.