RU29721U1 - Equipment and technological line for processing, rendering harmless and decontaminating polymetallic production wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

Equipment-technological line for processing, rendering harmless and decontaminating polymetallic production wastes, including a hydro-removal bath, a water sump, a collection tank for receiving the initial concentrated solution (pulp), a filter press, characterized in that it additionally contains a collection tank for vanadium-containing wastewater connected with a collection tank of initial chloride solutions, a reactor for the deposition of metal hydroxides, the upper pipes of which are connected to the metering tanks of milk of lime, solution barium chloride, a sulfate-containing inorganic reagent and a high molecular weight flocculant, and the drain pipe forms a connection to the filter press, the outlet from the "trough" of the filter press is directed to a screw mixer, the inlet of which is connected to the dust bin from ore-heat smelting and to the discharge pipe of the discharge device of the hydraulic sump, and the output is directed to a second screw mixer connected to a hopper-dispenser of gypsum binders and a molding unit of the composite mixture.

Description

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Equipment and technological line for processing, neutralizing and decontaminating polymetallic production wastes.

The utility model relates to equipment and technological lines for processing polymetallic production wastes containing toxic metals, including radioactive substances - natural radionuclides (thorium and its decay products), concentrates, industrial products and mineral raw materials, in particular to equipment and technological lines for hydrometallurgical processing of salt waste of chlorination processes of mineral raw materials and can be used at enterprises of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, in the production of rare and sifted elements, for the neutralization and decontamination of solutions and the localization of radioactive metals - thorium and its decay products.

Known hardware and technological scheme for processing the spent melt of titanium chlorinators (Technology for processing the melts of titanium chlorinators to obtain concentrated solutions and pulps. / Non-ferrous metallurgy, 1992, No. 1, pp. 39-41), according to which the spent melt from chlorinators is poured into water or circulating solutions. The resulting pulp, partially clarified in a sump from a large fraction of an insoluble residue, is again fed through a pump collector to a hydraulic wash in a hydraulic removal tank through a pump collector. The concentrated pulp is discharged into the acid sewer, and the sand fraction is taken out to the dump.

The disadvantages of the known hardware-technological scheme include the formation in the process of hydraulic washing of hard-to-separate pulp, as well as the lack of equipment designed to decontaminate production wastes from radioactive metals, including thorium and its decay products.

The closest hardware-technological line for the same purpose to the claimed utility model in terms of features is a hardware-technological line for processing the spent melt of titanium chlorinators (Pilot tests and development of technology for the selective extraction of chromium and rare elements from wastes of titanium tetrachloride production. / Non-ferrous metallurgy , 1994, No. 10, p.20-22) - adopted as a prototype.

The prototype equipment line (Fig. 1) includes a hydraulic removal tank (1), a water sump (2), pumps (3), (4), a collection tank (5) to obtain an initial concentrated solution (pulp), a filter - press (6), (8), a reactor for the deposition of rough chrome concentrate (7).

Hardware-technological line of the prototype works as follows. Concentrated pulp from melt hydraulic washing, partially clarified in a water sump from a large fraction of insoluble residue, is fed to a filter press, where the liquid phase of the pulp is separated from substances suspended in it, which, together with the sand fraction, are dumped. The filtrate is sent for processing in order to obtain rough chrome concentrate.

I (fifes Hardware and technology line - prototype provides

obtaining concentrated solutions and pulps and selective extraction of chromium from multicomponent solutions from hydraulic washing of molten titanium chlorinators. A disadvantage of the known instrumentation and technological line is that it does not include equipment designed for the decontamination of secondary production waste from radioactive metals, including thorium and its decay products.

The inventive utility model is aimed at solving the problem of improving the quality indicators of the equipment and technological line in the processing of polymetallic waste products containing toxic metals, including natural radionuclides.

The technical result that can be obtained by applying the utility model is to ensure the localization of highly toxic metals (chromium, vanadium, manganese, etc.) and transfer them to a radiation-safe form - a dust-free water-insoluble cured state suitable for further storage without causing environmental damage to the environment .

The specified technical result when applying the utility model is achieved by the fact that the well-known hardware and technological line, including a hydro-removal bath, a sump, a tank - a collector for obtaining the initial concentrated solution (pulp), a filter press, additionally contains a tank - a collection of vanadium-containing waste

3.

water (wastewater and mother liquors of ammonium metavanadate), connected to a tank - a collection of initial chloride solutions, a reactor for the deposition of metal hydroxides, the upper nozzles of which are connected to the tanks with dispensers of milk of lime, a solution of barium chloride, sulfate-containing inorganic reagent (sulfuric acid or sodium sulfate) and high molecular weight flocculant (for example, polyacrylamide), and the drain pipe forms a connection with the filter press, the output from the trough of the filter press is directed to the screw mixer, the inlet of which with It is connected with a dust metering bin from ore-thermal smelting of titanium-containing concentrates and a discharge device pipe (made, for example, in the form of a screw feeder) of a hydraulic sump, and the outlet of which is directed to a second screw mixer connected to a hopper-dispenser of gypsum binders and a molding unit for molding the composite mixture.

An analysis of the set of essential features of the claimed utility model — the presence of new elements, the relative position of the nodes and the form of their implementation and the technical result achieved with this indicates that there is a causal relationship between them, expressed in the following.

It was experimentally established that the additional inclusion in the composition of the apparatus and technological line of the reactor for the deposition of metal hydroxides, the upper pipes of which are connected to the tanks by dispensers of lime milk, a solution of barium chloride.

sulfate-containing inorganic reagent and high molecular weight flocculant, and the drain pipe forms a connection with a filter press, provides the purification of liquid waste and wastewater from toxic and radioactive substances to established standards. An additional inclusion of a tank - a collection of vanadium-containing wastewater (wastewater and mother liquors of ammonium metavanadate), connected to a tank - a collection of initial chloride solutions, makes it possible to treat wastewater from compounds of vanadium (V), iron (II) and manganese ( II) as a result of the mutual neutralization of two different types of waste. The additional inclusion of a screw mixer connected to the dust bin from ore-thermal smelting of titanium-containing concentrates and a nozzle of the discharge device of the hydraulic sump and a second screw mixer, connected to the hopper with a plaster binder and a molding unit for the composite mixture, ensures the conversion of highly toxic radioactive waste to solid blocks - non-dusting, water insoluble, resistant to atmospheric precipitation, groundwater and subsurface water Am, not destroyed when the temperature changes and fluctuates. Thus, the totality of new equipment included in the equipment and technological line for the processing, neutralization and decontamination of production waste allows you to deactivate liquid radioactive waste to established standards, to localize radioactive substances and

translate them into a convenient, environmentally friendly form for long-term warehousing and storage - without causing harmful radiation effects on the environment.

Verification of compliance of the claimed utility model with the requirement of an inventive step with respect to the set of essential features indicates that the proposed design of the instrumentation and technological line: an additionally installed tank is a collection of vanadium-containing wastewater (wastewater and mother liquors of ammonium metavanadate) connected to the tank - a collection of initial chloride solutions, a reactor for the deposition of metal hydroxides, the upper pipes of which are connected to tanks - dispensers of milk of lime, sol barium chloride, sulfate-containing inorganic reagent (sulfuric acid or sodium sulfate) and a high molecular weight flocculant (for example, polyacrylamide), and the drain pipe forms a connection to the filter press, the outlet from the filter press press is directed to the screw mixer, the input of which is connected to the dust hopper from ore-thermal smelting and a branch pipe of an unloading device (made, for example, in the form of a screw feeder) of a hydraulic sump, and the output is directed to a second screw mixer connected to a gypsum-metering hopper binder materials and the molding unit of the composite mixture ensures the achievement of the above technical result. Moreover, this technical result does not follow and does not follow from the book, magazine and patent literature.

Figure 2 shows a model of an instrumentation line for processing, rendering harmless and decontaminating polymetallic production wastes,

According to the developed technical solution, the instrumentation and technological line includes a hydraulic removal tank (1) connected to a hydraulic sump (2); a tank — a collection of initial chloride solutions and slurries (3), directly connected through a pump (4) to a hydraulic removal bath (1) and a reactor — precipitator (6); tank - a collection of vanadium-containing wastewater (5), connected to a tank - a collection of initial chloride solutions and pulps (3); tanks - batchers of milk of lime (7), a solution of barium chloride (8), sulfate-containing inorganic reagent (9) and high molecular weight flocculant (10), connected through drain pipes to the precipitating reactor (6); filter press (11) connected to the precipitating reactor (6); a screw mixer (12) connected to the discharge filter-press collector (11), a dust bin from ore-thermal smelting (13) and a nozzle of the discharge device of the hydraulic sump (2); a screw mixer (14) connected to a hopper-dispenser of gypsum binders (15), and the outlet from the screw mixer (15) is connected to the molding unit of the composite mixture (16).

Utility Model Implementation

Hardware and technology line for processing,

the neutralization and decontamination of polymetallic waste products is as follows. The spent melt of the chlorinators enters the hydraulic removal tank 1, where water and a circulating solution (pulp) are simultaneously supplied. The resulting pulp by gravity is discharged into a hydraulic sump 2, where a large fraction of insoluble residue settles into the screw mixer 12. The clarified pulp from a hydraulic sump 2 is pumped by pump 4 into a tank - a collection of initial chloride solutions 3, to which vanadium-containing wastewater is fed from a collection tank 5 ( ammonium metavanadate promoters and mother liquors). Part of the pulp from the tank - collector 3 is pumped by pump 4 into the hydraulic removal tank 1, the rest goes into precipitator 6, where lime milk, solution are fed to neutralize, deactivate and precipitate highly toxic and radioactive metals from tanks - collectors 7, 8, 9, 10 barium chloride, a sulfate-containing inorganic reagent (sulfuric acid or sodium sulfate) and a high molecular weight flocculant (e.g. polyacrylamide). To mix the pulp and oxidize the oxygen of the ferrous iron compounds into the reactor precipitator, the compressed air is fed to the precipitating bath 1. The pulp from the reactor precipitator 6 is sent to the filter press And, where the precipitate is washed with water from soluble impurities (potassium, sodium and magnesium chlorides). Peeled off

solutions of toxic and radioactive substances (filtrate) are discharged from the filter press into the sewer. Wet radioactive sediment is collected in a trough filter - press - in the unloading tank, from where it is sent to a screw mixer 12, where dust from ore thermal smelting is simultaneously supplied from hopper 13, and sand fraction of insoluble residue is fed from discharge tank of sump 2. The resulting mixture is sent to a screw mixer 14, where gypsum binders are fed from the hopper - dispenser 15. The resulting composite mixture is then fed to the molding unit 16.

As a result of the combination of the above operations, the radioactive waste turns into a solidified state, i.e. suitable for long-term radiation-safe storage in a dust-free water-insoluble state, resistant to atmospheric precipitation, groundwater and soil water, not causing environmental damage to the environment and not adversely affecting the health of the population and staff.

General Director1) E | 5 G ||: ;;. Scientific-Pro ynys LLC | ecological fjoad

Claims (1)

Equipment-technological line for processing, rendering harmless and decontaminating polymetallic production wastes, including a hydro-removal bath, a water sump, a collection tank for receiving the initial concentrated solution (pulp), a filter press, characterized in that it additionally contains a collection tank for vanadium-containing wastewater connected with a collection tank of initial chloride solutions, a reactor for the deposition of metal hydroxides, the upper pipes of which are connected to the metering tanks of milk of lime, solution barium chloride, a sulfate-containing inorganic reagent and a high molecular weight flocculant, and the drain pipe forms a connection to the filter press, the outlet from the "trough" of the filter press is directed to a screw mixer, the inlet of which is connected to the dust bin from ore-heat smelting and to the discharge pipe of the discharge device of the hydraulic sump, and the output is directed to a second screw mixer, connected to the hopper-dispenser of gypsum binders and the molding unit of the composite mixture.