RU29035U1 - HELICOPTER "EFA" - Google Patents

Description

EFA HELICOPTER

MKI 7 V64S V64S

The utility model relates to the field of aviation, more specifically, to rotary-wing aircraft with a vertical axis of rotation of the rotor and can be used to create helicopters equipped with effective means of rescue the crew in emergency situations .;

A known helicopter containing a fuselage, a screw with blades on a vertical shaft, fuel tanks, a power plant, a cockpit and controls for helicopter systems (see RF patent No. 2186000, B1ShM No. 21,2002 g).

In the known helicopter, the fuselage contains abutting nose and center parts, consisting of a force set of frames, beams, stringers forming panel frames, trim connected to the frame and doorways. In the useful space of the fuselage are located: the cockpit, equipped with controls for helicopter systems, a power plant for driving a rotor with mechanization elements, fuel tanks and other helicopter systems that ensure its operation.

A disadvantage of the known device is the difficulty or inability for the crew with paranpots to leave the helicopter cockpit through doorways in emergency flight conditions due to the danger of defeat by the rotor rotor blades.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a helicopter containing a rotor with blades on a vertical shaft and a fuselage, including a power plant, fuel tanks, a passenger compartment, with at least one rescue capsule with a parachute placed in it, and pyrotechnic means for separating the rescue capsule from helicopter parts (see application for invention of the Russian Federation No. 200120750 28 of 08/08/2000, BIPM No. 23,2002, prototype).

A disadvantage of the known helicopter is the increased complexity of the crew rescue system in emergency situations, associated with the need for preliminary pyrotechnic cutting of the helicopter fuselage and separation of the rotor rotor, followed by separation of the rescue capsule and opening of the parachute over it.

The task of the utility model to be solved is the development and creation of effective helicopter layout systems, promising for the use of reliable pyrotechnic and aerodynamic means of rescue the crew and consisting in the use of space above the rotor of the helicopter to place the cockpit.

This problem is solved by the fact that in a helicopter containing a rotor with blades on a vertical shaft and a fuselage, including a power plant, fuel tanks, cockpit, payload, controls for helicopter systems and crew rescue, according to a utility model, the helicopter fuselage is divided into two parts of different masses, a smaller part with the crew cabin is located above the plane of rotation of the rotor of the helicopter, and its main part is with a power plant, fuel tanks, payload and other helicopter systems are located below its plane of rotation, and the rotor drive shaft is hollow, a fixed power beam is placed inside it, which is fixed on one side to the power elements of the main part of the fuselage, and on the other hand is equipped with a support platform that serves as the basis for the crew cabin with controls for helicopter systems, while electrical, hydraulic, mechanical and other control lines for helicopter systems connecting space controls cockpits and controlled systems in the main part of the fuselage, pass inside the power beam.

In addition, the crew cabin can be single or multi-seat and equipped with pyrotechnic and aerodynamic means of rescue the action by separating the chair with the pilot or the cockpit in the direction from the plane of rotation of the rotor for subsequent parapotting and landing.

In addition, the cockpit can be equipped with passive or active protection from enemy fire weapons and a satellite transmitting and receiving system.

In addition, the hollow shaft of the rotor drive, the swash plate mechanism and the main gearbox are made with the possibility of placing a power beam inside them.

In addition, the cockpit can have an oval aerodynamic shape to increase bottom pressure and reduce drag during horizontal flight.

In addition, the crew cabin and the supporting platform can be fixed to the power beam through a damping mechanism to reduce vibro-stress loads on them.

This embodiment of the helicopter allows you to effectively use the well-known reliable widely used pyrotechnic, aerodynamic and other systems for rescuing the crew in emergency situations on board the helicopter in flight, during takeoff, landing or in the parking lot with the engine running.

The drawing (figure 1) schematically shows a General view of a helicopter with a cockpit above the main rotor.

The helicopter contains the main fuselage 1, including the main rotor with blades 2 on the vertical hollow shaft 3 and a swash plate 4. The cockpit 5 is located on the supporting platform 6, mounted on the power beam 7, mounted inside the hollow shaft 3, the lower end of which is fixed on the power frame the main fuselage 1. In this case, the mechanism of the swashplate 4 and the main gearbox of the power power plant 10 are made with the possibility of placing a power beam 7 inside them, the steering screw 8 and the landing gear 9 are placed on the helicopter fuselage in a known manner.

The peculiarity of the fuselage 1 in such a helicopter scheme is that its main part below the rotor 2 has a volume reduced by the volume of the cockpit 5, which allows more rational placement of the power plant 10, fuel tanks, payload and other helicopter systems (not shown ) with the necessary centering of the helicopter. In this case, the vertical dimensions and drag of the main fuselage can be significantly reduced in comparison with the conventional layout of the helicopter.

The crew cabin 5 is equipped with a control panel and other means (not shown) of control (handles, pedals) of all helicopter systems located, including in the main part of the fuselage 1, while electrical, hydraulic and other control lines (not shown) passing inside the power beam 7, control means are connected in the space of the crew cabin 5 and controlled systems (tail rotor 8, swashplate 4, etc.) in the main part of the fuselage 1.

The cockpit 5, may contain one or more salvageable seats 11 for the pilot and crew members, which are equipped with pyrotechnic means of separation from the cockpit 5 in the direction from the plane of rotation of the rotor 2. In some cases, it is advisable to separate the entire cockpit 5 from the beam 7.

The cockpit 5 may be equipped with passive (armor) or active (fire weapons) means of protection against enemy actions, as well as a satellite transmission and reception system.

The hollow shaft 3 of the drive carrier bearing 2, the swash plate 4 and the main gearbox of the power power plant 10 are made with the possibility of placing inside them a power beam 7, holding the cockpit 1.

The crew cabin 5 has an oval aerodynamic shape to increase the bottom pressure and reduce drag during horizontal flight.

The crew cabin 5 and the support platform 6 can be fixed to the power beam 7 through a damping mechanism (not shown) to significantly reduce vibration loads on crew members

The helicopter operates as follows.

In the parking lot, the crew climbs a ladder into the cockpit 5 through the doorway and starts the engine of the power plant 10. In the lifting mode, the main rotor 2 creates a vertical thrust that outweights the starting weight of the helicopter with a payload. The power plant 10, a gas turbine engine and a drive mechanism with a main gearbox (not shown) rotates the hollow shaft 3 of the rotor drive 2. The tail rotor 8 provides the necessary stability and turns of the helicopter.

Outside of the hollow shaft 3, elements are installed; nqjeKOca 4 assault rifle and rotor blade attachment points 2. A fixed force beam 7, mounted on the power elements of the fuselage frame 1, holds the supporting platform 6 and the crew cabin 5 in all modes of operation of the helicopter

Crew members are accommodated in standard rescue chairs 11, equipped with safety belts and pyrotechnic devices for separation from the cockpit 5 in emergency conditions, for example, associated with a helicopter crash or fire on board. Rescue seats of this type are highly reliable and are widely used in fighter aircraft.

In the cockpit there is a remote control and other controls for all helicopter systems. The controls are connected to controlled systems in the main part of the fuselage 1 by control lines (electric cables, hydraulic pipes, rods) passing from the cockpit 5 to the fuselage 1 inside the power beam 7. This makes it possible to install electro-hydraulic connectors and pyrotechnic means at the ends of the beam 7 and disconnecting the specified systems.

1Cabin’s cabin 5, in turn, can be equipped with similar rescue equipment to separate it from the main fuselage 1. In addition, cabin 5 can have other necessary systems: for satellite communications and navigation, for protection against enemy fire means, for vibration loads and other

The external forms of the cockpit 5 are projected taking into account the changes in the aerodynamic forces acting on the vertically spaced parts of the fuselage 1 and the lowered bottom pressure under the cockpit 5. The indicated shapes of the cockpit 5 are mostly oval.

It is advisable to use the proposed helicopter system for small-tonnage and combat helicopters with a minimum number of crew members. The main costs for the creation of prototypes of such a helicopter are associated with the development of modified drive and control units for the carrier Vik and are comparable to the costs of creating well-known helicopter systems.

Claims (6)

1. A helicopter containing a rotor with blades on a vertical shaft and a fuselage, including a power plant, fuel tanks, crew cabin, payload, controls for helicopter systems and crew rescue, characterized in that the helicopter fuselage is divided into two parts with different masses, the smaller part with the crew cabin is located above the plane of rotation of the rotor of the helicopter, and its main part with the power plant, fuel tanks, payload and other helicopter systems below its rotation plane, the rotor drive shaft being hollow, a fixed power beam placed inside it, which is fixed on one side to the power elements of the main part of the fuselage and, on the other hand, is equipped with a support platform serving as the basis for accommodating the crew cabin with control systems helicopter, while electrical, hydraulic, mechanical and other control lines of helicopter systems connecting control means in the space of the cockpit and controlled systems in The main part of the fuselage, pass inside the power beam. 2. The helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cockpit is single or multi-seat and is equipped with pyrotechnic and aerodynamic means of saving the crew by separating the chair with the pilot or the cockpit in the direction from the plane of rotation of the rotor for subsequent parachuting and landing. 3. The helicopter according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cockpit is equipped with passive or active protection from enemy fire weapons and a satellite transmitting and receiving system. 4. The helicopter according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hollow shaft of the rotor drive, the swash plate mechanism and the main gearbox are made with the possibility of placing a power beam inside them. 5. The helicopter according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cockpit has an oval aerodynamic shape to increase bottom pressure and reduce drag during horizontal flight. 6. The helicopter according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the cockpit and the support platform are fixed to the power beam through a damping mechanism to reduce vibration loads on them.