RU2818895C1 - Method for monitoring results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems and machine for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire control of anti-aircraft systems.

SUBSTANCE: method of monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems is that they install remotely controlled ground-based surveillance equipment, combine surveillance equipment, a command post and a target designation source into an information network, ensure that the command post receives information from the target designation source about the target in the air and its coordinates, they point surveillance equipment along the target designation coordinates to the area of airspace in which the target is located, capture an image of the target and track the target, determine the moment of use of anti-aircraft weapons, record the process of the impact of the weapons on the air target using high-speed photography and prepare reporting material. If the target image temporarily disappears, the target is tracked by surveillance means based on information from the target designation source. Also announced is a machine for monitoring the results of combat firing (MCRS) of anti-aircraft systems, which includes a command post, elements of a trajectory-measuring complex, means of recording and processing angular coordinates of guidance and registration means.

EFFECT: increase the accuracy of guidance and target tracking by surveillance means.

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Description

The invention relates to monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems, and can be used when conducting full-scale tests with live firing of existing and future short-range, short- and medium-range air defense systems and complexes, including anti-aircraft missile and gun systems and man-portable anti-aircraft systems missile systems (MANPADS) at test sites and at unprepared positions.

There is a well-known system for monitoring the results of combat firing of short-range anti-aircraft complexes "Conglomerate-1P", product index - 9Sh320, which is a range mobile complex for digital video recording and processing of flight trajectories of anti-aircraft guided and artillery shells of anti-aircraft systems. The 9Sh320 product includes autonomous video monitoring and video recording equipment, as well as a control and information processing station.

The main operating modes of this system:

- observation posts based on an uncontrolled patrol video recording module provide a television image for visual control and image registration during the entire shooting time;

- the operator of the observation post based on the controlled tracking video recording module manually holds the image of the moving target in the center of the frame;

- information from the surveillance video recording module is transmitted to the control and information processing point.

The main disadvantages of the Conglomerate-1P system are:

- significant weight and size parameters of the equipment set;

- visual detection and tracking of the target is carried out by the operator only in manual mode;

- the need for operators of observation posts to constantly be in the immediate vicinity of the danger zone to detect and acquire a target;

- the impossibility of automatic registration of recording time intervals, since the start and stop of recording is carried out manually by the operator;

- failure of tracking when optical visibility of the target is lost;

- the ability to work only with short-range complexes;

- the possibility of erroneous operator actions affecting the receipt of reliable test results;

- significant time required to detect and track an air target (target).

The elements of a range measuring complex (PMC) are well known, including optical-electronic, radar and computing means of registration and control, which make it possible to provide information and measurement support for testing air defense systems. PIK elements are located permanently and connected to a fixed local network.

The main disadvantage of a stationary PIK is the impossibility of information and measurement support for carrying out full-scale tests with live firing at unprepared positions due to the stationary placement of all PIK equipment.

The invention “Electronic theodolite with a unit for remote operational processing of measurement information for measuring angular coordinates and range” is known (patent No. 2649419, application 12/28/2016, published 04/03/2018), which consists of the introduction of new structural elements: an additional observation channel, including a lens and digital a photodetector and a range calculation unit, providing real-time range measurement. The technical result of the invention is to provide rapid assessment of the parameters of misses when firing artillery shells or missiles at air targets (targets) by measuring the range and linear displacement of the target image on the matrix of photosensitive detectors.

The disadvantages of the known solution are:

- visual detection and tracking of the target is carried out by the operator only in manual mode;

- the need for operators of the observation post to constantly be in the immediate vicinity of the danger zone to detect and acquire a target;

- the impossibility of automatic registration of recording time intervals, since the start and stop of recording is carried out manually by the operator;

- failure of tracking when optical visibility of the target is lost;

- the ability to work only with short-range complexes;

- the possibility of erroneous operator actions affecting the receipt of reliable test results;

- significant time required to detect and track an air target (target);

- the impossibility of information and measurement support for carrying out full-scale tests with live firing at unprepared positions.

The objective of the claimed invention is to create an autonomous means of monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems, capable of carrying out preliminary planning of the procedure for testing air defense combat weapons based on their tactical and technical characteristics, flight performance characteristics of air targets and tasks solved during tests, carrying out automatic tracking of air targets based on information received from an external target designation source about the current position of the target.

The technical result is the receipt of a new method for monitoring the results of combat firing and a machine for its implementation, used in the verification and testing of modern and advanced short-range, short- and medium-range air defense systems and systems, including anti-aircraft missile and gun systems and MANPADS, at test sites and in unprepared positions, increasing the accuracy of guidance and target tracking by surveillance means.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems consists in installing remotely controlled ground-based surveillance equipment with a preliminary calculation of their deployment locations based on the tactical and technical characteristics of the anti-aircraft systems, the flight performance characteristics of air targets and the tasks being solved during testing, they integrate surveillance equipment, a command post and a target designation source into an information network, ensure that the command post receives information from the target designation source about the target (target) in the air and its coordinates, point the surveillance equipment to the airspace area according to the target designation coordinates, where the target is located, capture the target image and track the target using surveillance equipment; if the target image temporarily disappears, the target is tracked using surveillance equipment based on information from the target designation source; when the target image appears, the target is re-acquired, the moment of use of anti-aircraft weapons is determined, and the process of impact of the weapons is recorded. attacks on an aerial target using high-speed photography and prepare reporting material to assess the result of this impact.

The vehicle for monitoring the results of combat firing (MCRS) of anti-aircraft systems includes a command post located on a vehicle with automated workstations and a control system, elements of a trajectory-measuring complex containing autonomous remote-controlled ground surveillance equipment, integrated into an information network and connected to the command post , means for recording and processing angular coordinates of guidance and means of registration, while the command post is connected to the source of target designation to guide surveillance equipment to the location of the air target.

The MCRS is designed as an all-terrain vehicle with operator and cargo compartments.

Remotely controlled ground surveillance equipment can be of various types depending on the tasks solved during the tests:

- overview (patrol) - with a wide field of view;

- tracking - with a narrow field of view;

- a surveillance officer with a high-speed, high-definition video camera.

Instruments based on various observation principles and operating in different ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum - visible and infrared ranges, radar detection methods, etc. can be used as surveillance tools.

The use of a method for monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems and MCRS is ensured by:

- storage and delivery to the testing site of elements of the trajectory-measuring complex;

- the possibility of information and measurement support for carrying out full-scale tests with live firing at unprepared positions;

- the ability to plan the procedure for conducting tests by calculating the optimal locations for deploying equipment on the ground based on the tasks solved during the tests, the flight performance characteristics of air targets and the tactical and technical characteristics of air defense combat systems participating in the tests, and the formation of a preliminary plan and scheme of work;

- deployment of a local information network of remotely controlled ground-based surveillance equipment;

- primary and periodic monitoring of the functioning of the deployed trajectory-measuring complex in real time;

- eliminating disruption of target tracking when the image on surveillance equipment temporarily disappears (smoke, cloud);

- increasing the safety of conducting full-scale tests with live firing;

- increasing the accuracy of measurements (control);

- the ability to work with any air defense systems from MANPADS to medium-range air defense systems under surveillance conditions;

- elimination of erroneous operator actions at all stages of detection and tracking of an air target (target);

- the possibility of locating remotely controlled ground-based surveillance equipment in close proximity to the intended area of influence of weapons, regardless of the boundaries of the danger zone.

Also, the ICRS can interface with target complexes and command posts participating in the work for information exchange.

An all-terrain vehicle allows for storage of MCRS equipment, placement of a command post of a trajectory-measuring complex with automated workstations, a control system and autonomous power supply equipment, as well as delivery and deployment of autonomous, remotely controlled ground-based surveillance equipment of various types in planned locations on the ground under a single management.

The ICRS is capable of remotely exchanging data with a target complex or an external target designation source to obtain information about an air target planned for firing by air defense systems, displaying the location of the ICRS and all surveillance equipment on the ground and their functional status in real time.

Means of communication with target systems or other target designation means make it possible to obtain information about air targets in the air, their current coordinates and parameters, allow detection, guidance of ICRS surveillance equipment on air targets and further tracking of a single (group) air target with an optical channel.

The command post manages the process of tracking air targets with surveillance equipment, adjusts and clarifies the progress of tests with registration of the process of the impact of weapons on an air target and evaluates the results of this impact, as well as automatic (semi-automatic) processing of the results of tests with the presentation of reporting materials and documents to external subscribers in electronic (paper) form.

A control system with software allows you to recognize the moment of use of anti-aircraft weapons in order to issue a command to turn on high-speed shooting, capture images of the observed target to develop automatic tracking commands.

The method is implemented and the ICRS operates as follows.

The location area of the trajectory-measuring complex is determined.

With the help of the control system, a measurement experiment is planned to provide the necessary a priori assessment of accuracy and determine the optimal placement of surveillance equipment, taking into account the tasks solved during the tests, the flight performance characteristics of air targets and the tactical and technical characteristics of air defense combat systems participating in the tests.

A preliminary plan and work scheme are formed for further coordination and approval.

Upon arrival of the MCRS at each calculated location of surveillance equipment, work is carried out to assemble surveillance equipment, connect and autonomously check, topographic geodetic reference to the terrain and determine the internal and external parameters of surveillance equipment.

Deploy a local information network for managing surveillance equipment.

In a place that prevents personnel from being affected by air defense means, a command post is placed and a data transmission channel is organized between each surveillance device and the control system, as well as between the ICRS control system and target designation means. In the “WAITING” mode (before the targets take off), the actual coordinates of the surveillance equipment, the calculated observation area and information about the current state of operation of the surveillance equipment can be transmitted to the target designation control point.

After takeoff, the MCRS target is switched to the “PRELIMINARY GUIDING” mode - information about the current coordinates and parameters of the air target planned for firing by air defense systems is transmitted via a data transmission channel from target designation equipment to the control system. The control system generates commands to preliminarily point the surveillance device in the direction of the expected location of the target. After the target image appears on the information display equipment, the image is automatically captured, the target image is displayed and held in the center of the observation area, and corrective and control commands are automatically generated for the rotary support platforms included in the surveillance equipment in order to track the target - the “ACCOUNTING” mode.

If the optical visibility of an air target is temporarily lost by the surveillance device due to the disappearance of the target image due to smoke or clouds, the surveillance device automatically switches to the “PRELIMINARY GUIDANCE” mode and accompanies the target using external target designation signals until the target image appears again and the surveillance equipment switches to “ACCOUNTING” mode.

In the “ACCOUNT” mode, documentation (recording) of the processes occurring in the observation area and the current angular guidance coordinates obtained from the reading devices of the slewing support platforms occurs. For ongoing monitoring of the functioning of ICRS systems, surveillance equipment periodically sends a message to the control system about its current state (waiting, preliminary guidance, tracking).

When firing at an air target with air defense means, a surveillance device aimed at the starting positions captures the image of the moment of application and transmits a permission signal to issue a command to turn on a high-speed high-resolution video camera to record the observed image.

In the “INFORMATION PROCESSING” mode, recorded information is collected from surveillance equipment, trajectory parameters and flight performance characteristics are calculated (movement parameters of observed objects, miss values, etc.), a report on the measurements taken is automatically (semi-automatically) generated and displayed on a recording device. device. Upon completion of the work, the control system generates and sends an express analysis of the results obtained to a higher command post. After carrying out the work, the ICRS travels around all the monitoring equipment locations to transfer the surveillance equipment to the transport position and collect them.

Claims (4)

1. A method for monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems, which consists in installing remotely controlled ground-based surveillance equipment with a preliminary calculation of their deployment locations based on the tactical and technical characteristics of anti-aircraft systems, the flight performance characteristics of air targets and the tasks solved during testing, integrate surveillance equipment, a command post and a target designation source into an information network, ensure that the command post receives information from the target designation source about the target (target) in the air and its coordinates, point the surveillance equipment along the target designation coordinates to the area of airspace in which the target is located, capture the target image and track the target using surveillance equipment; if the target image temporarily disappears, the target is tracked using surveillance equipment based on information from the target designation source; when the target image appears, the target is re-acquired; the moment of use of anti-aircraft weapons is determined; the process of impact of the weapons on the air target is recorded using high-speed photography and preparing reporting material to assess the result of this impact. 2. A vehicle for monitoring the results of combat firing of anti-aircraft systems, which includes a command post located on a vehicle with automated workstations and a control system, elements of a trajectory-measuring complex containing autonomous remote-controlled ground surveillance equipment, integrated into an information network and connected to the command post , means for recording and processing angular coordinates of guidance and means of registration, while the command post is connected to the source of target designation to guide surveillance equipment to the location of the air target. 3. The control vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that it is made in the form of an all-terrain vehicle with operator and cargo compartments. 4. The control machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the autonomous remote-controlled ground surveillance means are of a survey type with a wide field of view, a tracking type with a narrow field of view and a high-speed high-resolution video camera.