RU2816935C2 - Earth-moving tool bit and earth-moving tool assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction equipment.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to earth-moving tools used on buckets, dumps and other working bodies used in mining and construction equipment. An excavation tool bit for a work tool contains an excavation part, a connecting element, which extend along the longitudinal axis of the bit. The connecting element includes an inner surface forming a connecting pocket having an adapter hole located on the connecting element, a first fastening element hole and a second fastening element hole. The inner surface contains the inner wall of the base, and the connecting pocket extends from the inner wall of the base to the adapter hole along the longitudinal axis of the bit. The inner surface comprises a first inner end surface and a second inner end surface, wherein the first inner end surface and the second inner end surface converge relative to each other in the direction from the adapter hole to the inner wall of the base along the vertical axis of the bit, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bit. The inner surface comprises a first inner lateral surface and a second inner lateral surface, wherein the first inner lateral surface and the second inner lateral surface are spaced apart from each other along a transverse axis of the bit that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bit and the vertical axis of the bit, wherein the first inner lateral surface and a second inner side surface each extends between the first inner end surface and the second inner end surface. The first inner side surface and the second inner side surface comprise a fastening element channel surface that forms a first fastening element opening and a second fastening element opening, respectively. The channel surface of the fastening element of each of the first inner side surface and the second inner side surface has a hollow cylindrical segment surface and a segment surface with a truncated cone profile. The first inner side surface and the second inner side surface respectively define a first fastening element opening and a second fastening element opening, the first fastening element opening extending along the axis of the first fastening element hole and the second fastening element opening extending along the axis of the second fastening element. holes for the fastening element, wherein the axis of the first hole for the fastening element and the longitudinal axis of the bit form the inclination angle of the first hole for the fastening element, and wherein the axis of the second hole for the fastening element and the longitudinal axis of the bit form the inclination angle of the second hole for the fastening element, wherein the inclination angle of the first hole for the fastening element and the angle of inclination of the second hole for the fastening element are both oblique angles.

EFFECT: increase in service life and increased efficiency of earth-moving equipment

10 cl, 36 dwg

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

This invention relates generally to earth-moving implements, in particular to earth-moving implements used on buckets, dozers and other working implements used in mining and construction equipment.

Prerequisites for creating the invention

Various types of mining and construction equipment, such as excavators, wheel loaders, hydraulic mining shovels, rope shovels, bucket wheel excavators and draglines, typically use buckets to perform excavation and excavation or excavation and loading of materials. Buckets are often subject to excessive wear and tear from the forces and abrasives of the equipment. Replacing large buckets and other work tools used in mining and construction equipment is costly and labor intensive.

The bucket is equipped with a ground moving tool (GET) or a GET kit to protect the bucket and other processing tools from wear. Typically, GETs are teeth, edge guards, crowns, or other removable components attached to areas of a bucket or other implement that are subject to the most destructive and frequent abrasive wear and impact. For example, a GET configured as a cutting edge protector may surround the cutting edge of a bucket, protecting it from excessive wear.

In these applications, removable GETs are subject to abrasive wear and repeated impacts and help protect the bucket or other work tool to which they are mounted. If the GET wears out during operation, it is removed and replaced with a new GET at a reasonable cost, allowing continued operation of the same bucket. By protecting GETs and replacing worn GETs at appropriate intervals, significant cost and time savings are possible.

GET can take many forms. For example, U.S. Patent Application No. US2018/0080200 for a "connection assembly" discloses a connection assembly between an earth-moving implement and the cutting edge of an excavator bucket or similar work implement that utilizes an eccentric rotary locking mechanism. Rotating the locking mechanism changes the distance between the supporting surfaces and thus allows the locking mechanism to be tightened.

Cost and time savings when using GET to protect the main working tools of a machine can be further enhanced by increasing the service life of the GET. Thus, a long-life GET assembly will help reduce downtime when replacing parts and increase operational efficiency. In the industry to which this invention relates, there is a continuing need to improve GET assembly to increase GET life, reduce replacement, and improve productivity.

It should be understood that this background statement has been made by the inventors to assist the reader and should not be construed as an indication that any of the stated problems have been appreciated in the field of technology to which this invention relates. Although the described principles, in some aspects and embodiments, are capable of partially eliminating the disadvantages inherent in other systems, it should be understood that the scope of the protected invention is determined by the appended claims and not by the ability of any disclosed feature to solve any specific disadvantages noted herein.

Brief summary of the invention

In one aspect of the present invention, embodiments of an earthmoving tool bit for a work tool are described. In one embodiment, the crown of the excavation tool includes an excavation portion and a connecting member. The connecting element and the digging part extend along the longitudinal axis of the crown.

The connecting element includes an inner surface forming a connecting pocket having an adapter hole located on the connecting element, a first fastening element hole and a second fastening element hole. The inner surface contains the inner wall of the base. The connection pocket extends from the inner wall of the base to the adapter hole along the longitudinal axis of the crown.

The inner surface includes a first inner end surface and a second inner end surface. The first inner end surface and the second inner end surface converge relative to each other in the direction from the adapter hole to the inner wall of the base along the vertical axis of the crown. The vertical axis of the crown is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crown.

The inner surface includes a first inner side surface and a second inner side surface. The first lateral surface and the second lateral surface are located at a distance from each other along the transverse axis of the crown. The transverse axis of the crown is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crown and the vertical axis of the crown. The first inner side surface and the second inner side surface extend between the first inner end surface and the second inner end surface.

The first inner side surface and the second inner side surface respectively define a first fastening member opening and a second fastening member opening. The first fastener hole extends along the axis of the first fastener hole, and the second fastener hole extends along the axis of the second fastener hole. The axis of the first hole for the fastening element and the longitudinal axis of the crown form the inclination angle of the first hole for the fastening element, and the axis of the second fastening element and the longitudinal axis of the crown form the inclination angle of the second hole for the fastening element. The inclination angle of the first hole for the fastening element and the inclination angle of the second hole for the fastening element is an indirect angle.

In another aspect, the present disclosure describes embodiments of GET assembly. In one embodiment, the GET assembly includes an adapter and an excavation tool bit.

The adapter contains a base, a mounting part of a working tool and a mounting part of a crown. The mounting portion of the work tool extends from the base and is capable of being attached to the work tool. The mounting part of the bit extends from the base in the opposite direction to the mounting part of the working tool. The mounting part of the crown contains a mounting head, a first fastening element and a second fastening element.

The mounting head contains the end of the base and the far end. The end of the base is connected to the base. The mounting head extends from the end of the base to the far end along the longitudinal axis of the head. The mounting head includes a first side surface of the head and a second side surface of the head. The first side surface of the head and the second side surface of the head are located at a distance from each other along the transverse axis of the head. The transverse axis of the head is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the head. The first fastening element extends from the first side surface of the head along the first axis of the fastening element, and the second fastening element extends from the second side surface of the head along the second axis of the fastening element. The first axis of the fastening element and the longitudinal axis of the head form the inclination angle of the first fastening element, and the second axis of the fastening element and the longitudinal axis of the head form the inclination angle of the second fastening element. The angle of inclination of the first fastening element and the inclination angle of the second fastening element is an indirect angle.

The crown of the excavation tool has a connecting element and an excavation part. The connecting element and the digging part extend along the longitudinal axis of the crown. The connecting element includes an inner surface forming a connecting pocket having an hole for an adapter, a first hole for a fastening element and a second hole for a fastening element. The mounting head of the adapter is located in the connection pocket of the excavation tool crown. The first fastening element and the second fastening element protrude from the mounting head of the adapter and, respectively, extend into the first fastening element hole and the second fastening element hole of the excavation tool bit.

Additional and alternative aspects and features of the disclosed principles will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated that the GETs disclosed herein may be used in other and different embodiments and may be modified in various ways. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are illustrative and explanatory only and do not limit the scope of the appended claims.

Brief description of the drawings

In Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a machine including an implement embodiment with an embodiment of a GET assembly constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

In Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a GET assembly created in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

In Fig. Figure 3 shows an exploded view of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2, on the opposite side, as shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 5 shows an enlarged vertical projection of the crown end of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 6 shows a top view of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 7 is a side elevation view of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 8 shows a sectional view along line VIII-VIII shown in Fig. 6, GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 9 shows a sectional view along line IX—IX shown in Fig. 7, GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 10 shows a sectional view along the X-X line shown in Fig. 7, GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 11 is a perspective side view of the crown adapter of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 12 shows an enlarged vertical view of the distal end of the crown adapter shown in Fig. eleven.

In Fig. Figure 13 shows a top view of the crown adapter shown in Fig. eleven.

In Fig. 14 shows a side view in vertical projection of the crown adapter shown in Fig. eleven.

In Fig. Figure 15 is an enlarged local top view of the crown adapter shown in Fig. 11, illustrating its mounting head.

In Fig. Figure 16 shows an enlarged local side elevation view of the crown adapter shown in Fig. 11, illustrating its mounting head.

In Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the wear cap from the distal end of the GET assembly cap shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the wear-resistant cover from the end of the cover closest to the attachment point shown in Fig. 17.

In Fig. Figure 19 shows an enlarged view in a vertical projection of the end of the wear-resistant cover closest to the place of attachment, shown in Fig. 17.

In Fig. 20 is a side elevation view of the wear-resistant cover shown in Fig. 17.

In Fig. 21 shows a bottom view of the wear-resistant cover shown in Fig. 17.

In Fig. 22 shows a sectional view along line XXII—XXII shown in Fig. 19, wear-resistant cover, shown in Fig. 17.

In Fig. Figure 23 is a perspective view of the crown of the GET assembly excavation tool from the end of the crown closest to the attachment point shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 24 shows a vertical projection view of the excavation tool closest to the attachment point of the crown end, shown in Fig. 23.

In Fig. Figure 25 shows a top view of the crown of the excavation tool shown in Fig. 23.

In Fig. 26 shows a side view in a vertical projection of the crown of the excavation tool shown in Fig. 23.

In Fig. 27 shows a sectional view along line XXVII—XXVII shown in Fig. 25, the crown of the excavation tool shown in Fig. 23.

In Fig. 28 shows a sectional view along line XXVIII—XVIII shown in Fig. 26, the crown of the excavation tool shown in Fig. 23.

In Fig. 29 is a perspective view of the locking mechanism of the fastening element from the end of the work tool of the GET assembly shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. Figure 30 shows another perspective view of the locking mechanism of the fastening element from the end of the working tool shown in Fig. 29.

In Fig. 31 is a perspective view of the end of the locking mechanism of the fastening element shown in Fig. 29.

In Fig. 32 is another perspective view of the end of the locking mechanism of the fastening element shown in Fig. 29.

In Fig. 33 is a top view of the locking mechanism of the fastening element shown in Fig. 29.

In Fig. 34 is a side elevation view of the first side of the locking mechanism of the fastening element shown in Fig. 29.

In Fig. 35 is a side view in vertical projection of the second side of the locking mechanism of the fastening element shown in Fig. 29.

In Fig. 36 shows a sectional view along line XXXVI—XXXVI shown in Fig. 34, the locking mechanism of the fastening element shown in Fig. 29.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to GET components and assemblies used in various types of construction and mining equipment. In Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a large wheel loader machine 50 that includes a work tool 60 or a bucket work tool equipped with a GET assembly 70 configured in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, the machine 50 includes a body 52 with a control cabin 54 to accommodate the driver of the machine, a plurality of tires 56 for moving the machine 50 along the surface of the earth, and a power source 58 (for example, an internal combustion engine) to drive the tires 56. The machine also includes a linkage mechanism 59, articulated attached at one end to the body 52 and pivotally attached to the work tool 60 at the opposite distal end. In some embodiments, work implement 60 may be any suitable work implement, such as a bucket, grab, blade, or any other suitable type used with a GET.

The control system 64 is located in the control cabin 54, allowing the machine operator to control and rotate the work implement 60 when digging, excavating, or any other related operation. The control system 64 may include a steering system to control the movement of the machine 50. In some embodiments, the steering system may have a steering wheel or joystick or other control mechanism to control the movement of the machine 50 or parts thereof. In addition, the control cabin 54 may house other control levers, knobs, dials, displays, alarms, etc. to facilitate the operation of the machine 50.

The control cabin 54 may be sized to accommodate a driver. In other embodiments, the machine 50 may be configured to be remotely controlled from a base station, in which case the control booth 54 may be reduced in size or omitted entirely.

Working tool 60, shown in Fig. 1, is a bucket. The linkage 59 is operatively arranged with the power source 58 of the machine 50 and the control system 64 such that the bucket 60 can be manipulated to perform operations such as excavating soil, debris, soil, rock, etc. and moving material to another location. The linkage 59 may be operated to lift the bucket 60 into the air and place a payload therein while the machine 50 is driven to the unloading location.

The work tool 60 may include a cutting edge 65 capable of engaging the soil or other work surface during excavation. The cutting edge 65 may include multiple GET assemblies 70 arranged on the cutting edge 65 such that the GET assemblies 70 interact with the work material at the cutting edge 62 offset relative to the crowns of the GET assemblies 70. Although this is not shown in detail in Fig. 1, GET assemblies 70 have certain features in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention, which will be discussed in more detail below herein. For additional protection of areas of the cutting edge 65 not covered by the GET assemblies 70, several protective pads 67 can be placed on it alternately with the GET assemblies 70. During use, the GET assemblies 70 may be subject to wear and eventually replaced, allowing the work tool 60 to continue to be used.

Although in Fig. 1 illustrates the use of a GET assembly 70 designed in accordance with the principles of the present invention for a wheel loader bucket, however, many other types of work tools for construction and mining equipment may use GET assemblies 70 as described herein. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the GET assembly 70 made in accordance with the principles of the present invention may be used on other work tools and/or machines.

In Fig. 2-10 illustrate an embodiment of a GET assembly 70 created in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The illustrated GET assembly 70 includes an adapter 75, a wear cap 80, an excavation tool crown 90, and a pair of locking mechanisms 95, 96. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the adapter 75 may be welded or otherwise secured to a bucket or another working tool 60 of the machine, to which the GET assembly 70 can be attached. The wear cap 80 may be removably mounted to the adapter 75 using a locking mechanism consisting of guides and slots between the wear cap 80 and the adapter 75. The excavation tool bit 90 may be hinged or otherwise mounted to the adapter 75 using a pair of locking mechanisms. 95, 96. A pair of locking mechanisms 95, 96 may, respectively, be located on opposite sides of the GET assembly 70 and be configured to removably connect the excavation tool bit 90 to the adapter 75.

In Fig. 2 and 3 show an adapter 75 that includes a base 102, a tool mounting portion 104, and a bit mounting portion 107. A work tool mounting portion 104 is configured to attach an adapter 75 to a work tool 60, extends from a base 102, and is configured to be mounted to a work tool 60 of a machine 50. In some embodiments, the base 102 includes at least a projection surface 110 and a locking surface 115 , located offset relative to each other in such a way that a mounting groove 121 is formed between them. The mounting groove 121 is designed to accommodate and fix the wear-resistant cover 80 and install the wear-resistant cover 80 in a removable manner on the adapter 75. In Fig. 9 shows a base 102 with first and second mounting slots 121, 122.

In Fig. 3 shows a bit mounting portion 107 that is configured to connect the excavating tool bit 90 to the adapter 75 and extends from the base 102 in the opposite direction to the work tool mounting portion 104. The crown mounting portion 107 includes a mounting head 125, a first fastening element 131, and a second fastening element 132 (see, for example, Fig. 10). The mounting head 125 includes a base end 135 and a distal end 137. The base end 135 is connected to the base 102, and the distal end 137 is free.

In Fig. 2 and 3 show a wear cap 80 that is mounted on an adapter 75 such that the wear cap 80 is secured between the adapter 75 and the excavation tool crown 90 such that the excavation tool crown 90 prevents the wear cap 80 from moving out of the mounting groove 121 adapter 75. In some embodiments, the wear cap 80 includes at least one guide 201. The guide 201 is located within a mounting groove 121 of the adapter 75 such that the guide fits between the locking surface and the protruding surface 110 of the adapter 75 for securing the wear cap 80 to the adapter 75. The wear cap 80 is mounted on the adapter 75 such that the wear cap 80 is secured between the adapter 75 and the excavation tool bit 90 such that the excavation tool bit 90 prevents the guide 201 of the wear cap 80 from moving out of the adapter mounting slot. 75. In Fig. 9 shows a wear cover 80 that includes first and second guides 201, 202 for positioning, respectively, in the first and second mounting slots 120, 121 of the adapter 75.

In Fig. 3 shows the crown 90 of the excavation tool, which has a connecting member 302 and an excavation portion 304. In Fig. 10 illustrates a coupling member 302 that includes an inner surface 310 forming a coupling pocket 311 having an adapter opening 314, a first fastening member opening 321, and a second fastening member opening 321. The mounting head 125 of the adapter 75 is located in the connecting pocket 311 of the bit 90 of the excavation tool. The first fastening element 131 and the second fastening element 132 protrude from the mounting head 125 of the adapter 75 and, respectively, extend into the first fastening element hole 321 and the second fastening element hole 322 of the bit 90 of the excavation tool.

In Fig. 10 illustrates a pair of locking mechanisms 95, 96 that may fit into the first and second mounting member holes 321, 322 of the excavation tool bit 90 and accordingly engage the first and second mounting members 131, 132 of the adapter 75 to pivotally attach excavation tool bit 90 to adapter 75. In the illustrated embodiment, each locking mechanism 95, 96 is of substantially the same design and includes a fastener locking mechanism 401, 402 and a locking latch 411, 412. Each fastener locking mechanism 401 pivotable relative to its C-shaped locking latch 411 and the fastening member 131, 132 to which it is connected to selectively attach the excavation tool bit 90 to the adapter 75.

In Fig. 11-16 show an embodiment of an adapter 75 in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The bit adapter 75 is configured to attach the excavation tool bit 90 to the work tool 60 of the machine 50. In the illustrated embodiment, the bit adapter 75 includes a base 102, a work tool mounting portion 104, and a bit mounting portion 107. The tool mounting portion 104 extends from the base in the opposite direction to the bit mounting portion 107. The bit mounting part 107 is configured to be connected to the crown 90 of the excavation tool, and the working tool mounting part 104 is configured to be connected to the working tool 60 of the machine 50. In Fig. 11 shows the mounting head 125 of the crown mounting portion 107, which has a wedge-shaped profile extending from the distal end 137 to the end of the base 135.

In Fig. 12-15, a base 102 is shown that includes a first base side 151, a second base side 152, and an overlap portion 155. The overlap portion 155 is located between the first base side 151 and the second base side 152. The base 102 includes a first projection surface 110 and a first locking surface 115. The first projection surface 110 and the first fixing surface 115 are offset from each other so that a first mounting groove 121 is formed therebetween. The first mounting groove 121 is located between the first base side 151 and the overlap portion 155.

The base 102 includes a second projection surface 111 and a second locking surface 116. The second projection surface 111 and the second fixing surface 116 are offset from each other so that a second mounting groove 122 is formed therebetween. A second mounting groove 122 is located between the second base side 152 and the overlap portion 155. The first mounting groove 121 and the second mounting groove 122 are located on the sides of the overlapping section.

In Fig. 14 shows a work tool mounting portion 104 that extends from the base 102 and is capable of being attached to a work tool 60 of the machine 50. In the illustrated embodiment, the work tool mounting portion 104 includes a first arm 171 and a second arm 172 extending from the base 102. The first and second The legs 171, 172 form between themselves a mounting groove 174, which contains a non-passing end 175 at the base 102 and a hole at the ends of the legs 171, 172 closest to the place of attachment.

The mounting groove 174 defines the assembly direction on the work tool 60 of the machine 50. The feet 171, 172 of the work tool mounting part 104 can be offset along the assembly direction so that the cutting edge 65 of the work tool 60 fits into the mounting groove 174 of the adapter 75. The first and second feet 171 , 172 can be attached to the work tool 60 in a suitable manner, for example by welding. In various possible embodiments, the parts of the implement mounting portion 104 of the adapter 75 may have different shapes and sizes. In other embodiments, the implement mounting portion 104 may have a different layout as would be apparent to one skilled in the art to which this invention relates.

In Fig. 15 and 16 show a crown mounting portion 107 that includes a mounting head 125, a first fastening member 131, and a second fastening member 132. The base end 135 of the head 125 is connected to the base 102.

The mounting head 125 extends from the end of the base 135 to the distal end 137 along the longitudinal axis LN of the head. The mounting head 125 includes a first head side surface 181 and a second head side surface 182, and a first end surface 184 and a second end surface 185. The first head side surface 181 and the second head side surface 182 are spaced apart along the transverse axis TN of the head. The transverse axis TN of the head is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LN of the head.

In Fig. 10 and 15 illustrate first and second fastening members 131, 132 which are configured to fit into first and second fastening member openings 321, 322, respectively. The first and second fastening members 131, 132 are configured to match the first and second locking mechanisms 95, 96 to selectively engage therewith and pivotally lock the excavation tool bit 90 and adapter 75.

A first fastening member 131 extends from a first head side surface 181 along a first fastening member axis L1, and a second fastening member 132 extends from a second head side surface 182 along a second fastening member axis L2. The first axis L1 of the fastening element and the longitudinal axis LN of the head form the inclination angle θ1 of the first fastening element, and the second axis L2 of the fastening element and the longitudinal axis LN of the head form the inclination angle θ2 of the second fastening element. The inclination angle θ1 of the first fastening element and the inclination angle θ2 of the second fastening element are an indirect angle.

In the illustrated embodiment, the first fastening element axis L1 and the second fastening element axis L2 taper back from the distal end 137 of the mounting head 125. In some embodiments, the inclination angle θ1 of the first fastening element and the inclination angle θ2 of the second fastening element is greater than ninety degrees. In some embodiments, the inclination angle θ1 of the first fastening element and the inclination angle θ2 of the second fastening element are the same (± 2.5°). In some embodiments, the inclination angle of the first fastening element θ1 and the inclination angle of the second fastening element θ2 are each from ninety-five to one hundred and fifteen degrees. In other embodiments, the inclination angle of the first fastening member θ1 and the inclination angle of the second fastening member θ2 are each from one hundred to one hundred and ten degrees. In some embodiments, the inclination angles θ1, θ2 of the first and second fastening members are approximately one hundred five degrees (±2.5°).

In Fig. 15 and 16 illustrate a first fastener 131 and a second fastener 132, each of which includes a hollow cylindrical segment 187 and a frustoconical segment 189. The hollow cylindrical segment 187 is closer to the base end 135 than the frusto-cone segment 189, and the frusto-cone segment 189 is closer to the distal end 137 than the hollow cylindrical segment 187. In Fig. 15 shows a segment 189 with a frustoconical profile of the first fastening element 131 and the second fastening element 132, each of which has a semi-vertical angle γ1, γ2 ranging from ten to thirty degrees. In other embodiments, each frustoconical segment of the first fastener 131 and the second fastener 132 has a semi-vertical angle γ1, γ2 of fifteen to twenty-five degrees.

In Fig. 10 and 16 show the first and second side surfaces 181, 182 of the head that the locking recess 191, 192 defines, respectively. The locking recess 191, 192 is adjacent to the hollow cylindrical segment 187 of the first and second fastening members 131, 132, respectively. Each locking recess 191, 192 is configured to receive at least a portion of the first and second fastener locking mechanism 401, 402, respectively, when in the locked position (see second fastener locking mechanism 402 in Fig. 10) to create there is a locking interaction between them, which limits the relative movement of the adapter 75 and the crown 90 of the excavation tool along the longitudinal axis LN of the head. Thus, the fastener locking mechanisms 401, 402 can be used to selectively attach the excavation tool bit 90 to the adapter 75.

In Fig. 16 shows a first end surface 184 and a second end surface 185 that converge with respect to each other in the direction from the base end 135 to the distal end 137 along the vertical axis NN of the head. The vertical axis NN of the head is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LN of the head. The transverse axis TN of the head is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LN of the head and the vertical axis NN of the head. The first side head surface 181 (see, for example, FIG.) and the second side head surface 182 extend between the first end surface 184 and the second end surface 185.

As shown in Fig. 16, the second end surface 185 may be opposite the first end surface 184. The first and second end surfaces 184, 185 may be substantially symmetrical to each other with respect to the plane formed by the longitudinal axis LN of the head and the transverse axis TN of the head. Each of the first and second end surfaces 184, 185 may form a profile contour when viewed along the transverse axis TN, for example, as shown in Fig. 16. The first end surface 184 may define the profile contour of the first end surface, and the second end surface 185 may define the profile contour of the second end surface. The profile contours of the first and second end surfaces 184, 185 may be precisely sized, although any other suitable dimensions are contemplated.

In Fig. 16 depicts the profile outlines of first and second end surfaces 184, 185, each of which may include a first flat tip portion 193, a concave tip portion 194, a conical tip portion 195, and a second flat tip portion 196. The first flat cap portions 193 are adjacent to the distal end 137. Each concave cap portion 194 is adjacent to a corresponding first flat cap portion 193 and is located between the first flat cap portion 193 and the conical cap portion 195. Each conical head portion 195 is positioned between a corresponding concave head portion 194 and a second flat head portion 196 . The second flat portion 196 of the head is adjacent to the end 135 of the base.

The distal end 137 extends between the first end surface 184 and the second end surface 185. The distal end 137 may define a wall substantially perpendicular to both the first flat head portions 193 and the first and second end surfaces 184, 185. In some embodiments, rounded the edges 197 may surround the distal end 137 and may form smooth transitions between the distal end 137, the first and second end surfaces 184, 185, and the first and second side cap surfaces 181, 182 (see also, Fig. 12).

In Fig. 17-22 show an embodiment of a wear cap 80 in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The wear cap 80 is configured to be mounted on the adapter 75 such that the wear cap 80 overlaps the overlap portion 155 of the adapter 75 (see, for example, Figures 3, 4 and 8). The wear cap 80 may help protect the adapter from wear during operation of the implement 60. In some embodiments, the wear cap 80 may be made of a different material than at least one of the adapters 75 and the implement crown 90. earthworks. In some embodiments, the wear cap 80 may be made from a material that is harder than the material from which the adapter 75 is made. In some embodiments, the wear cap 80 may be made from the same material as the excavation tool bit 90.

In Fig. 17 and 18, a wear resistant cap 80 is shown that includes a first cap side 211, a second cap side 212, and an overlapping top portion 214. The top portion 214 extends laterally between the first and second cap sides 211, 212. The first and second sides 211, 212 of the cover depend on the edges of the top portion 214.

As shown in Fig. 18, 19, 21 and 22, the first and second guides 201, 202 are located, respectively, inside the first and second sides 211, 212 of the cover. The first guide 201 is positioned within the first mounting groove 120 of the adapter 75 such that the first guide 201 is positioned between the first locking surface (115) and the first protruding surface 110 of the adapter 75. The second guide 202 is positioned within the second mounting groove 121 of the adapter 75 such that the second guide 202 is located between the second fixing surface (116) and the second projecting surface 111 of the adapter 75.

As shown in Fig. 18, 19 and 20, the inner parts of the first and second sides 211, 212 of the cover form the first and second adapter groove 231, 232, respectively. The first and second adapter grooves 231, 232 include locking grooves that are capable of receiving, respectively, the first and second locking surfaces 115, 116 of the adapter 75 after the wear-resistant cover 80 is installed on the adapter 75.

The wear cap 80 includes a cap proximal end 240 that forms an opening 241 capable of receiving an adapter overlap portion 155 when the wear cap 80 is installed on the adapter 75. The interior surface of the top portion 214 of the wear cap 80 is capable of receiving an adapter overlap portion 155 of the adapter 75 underneath. after installing wear-resistant cover 80 on adapter 75.

As shown in Fig. 17 and 20, the wear cap 80 includes a cap distal end 250 with a first protrusion 251 and a second protrusion 252. In some embodiments, the first protrusion 251 and the second protrusion 252 are configured to engage the excavation tool bit 90 once attached. crowns 90 of the excavation tool to adapter 75 using the fixing mechanism 95, 96 (see also, Fig. 8). The first and second projections 251, 252 may include adjustment pads that are configured to assist the excavation tool bit 90 to engage the adapter 75 for additional structural support. The first and second projections 251, 252 act as adjustment pads to help ensure a secure fit between the excavation tool bit 90 and the adapter 75.

In Fig. 23-28 show an embodiment of an earthmoving tool bit 90 in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The excavation tool bit 90 includes a connecting member 302 and an excavation portion 304.

As shown in Fig. 25 and 26, the connecting member 302 may be located opposite the digging portion 304 along the longitudinal axis LT of the crown. The connecting member 302 and the digging portion 304 extend along the longitudinal axis LT of the crown. The first and second crown side walls 325, 326 may extend along the crown longitudinal axis LT from the connecting member 302 to the excavation portion 304. The first and second crown side walls 325, 326 are spaced apart along the crown transverse axis TT, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LT crowns.

The 90 earthmoving tool bit shown typically has a wedge-shaped profile. The distal crown end 328 of the digging portion 304 may taper such that the first and second end surfaces 331, 332 extend outward along the crown longitudinal axis LT from the distal crown end 328 of the digging portion 304 toward the connecting member 302. The first and second end surfaces 331, 332 crowns flare outward along both the transverse axis TT of the crown and the vertical axis NT of the crown, which is perpendicular to both the longitudinal axis LT of the crown and the transverse axis TT of the crown (see also FIG. 23).

Typically, the digging portion 304 may be the portion of the GET assembly 70 that first interacts with the ground or other work material during operation of the implement 60 and may be subject to the most wear. Over time and use, the digging portion 304 may wear out. After the digging portion 304 has been worn to a certain extent, the digging tip 90 can be replaced.

In Fig. 27 and 28 illustrate a coupling member 302 that includes an inner surface 340 defining a coupling pocket 342 recessed within the coupling member 302. The coupling pocket 342 on the inner surface 340 is formed to include: an adapter hole 344 located on the coupling member 302 , a first hole 321 for the fastening element and a second hole 322 for the fastening element. The connection pocket 342 on the inner surface 340 is formed such that the adapter hole 344 in the connection pocket 342 faces away from the digging portion 304.

The inner surface 340 includes an inner base wall 350. The connection pocket 342 extends from the inner base wall 350 to the adapter hole 344 along the longitudinal axis LT of the head.

The inner surface 340 includes a first inner end surface 351 and a second inner end surface 352. The first inner end surface 351 may be spaced from the second inner end surface 352 along the vertical axis NT of the head. The first inner end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352 converge with respect to each other in the direction from the adapter hole 344 to the inner base wall 350 along the vertical axis NT of the crown. The first and second inner end surfaces 351, 352 may be substantially mirror images of each other with respect to a plane defined by the crown longitudinal axis LT and the crown transverse axis TT.

The first inner end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352 extend from the inner base wall 350 to the adapter hole 344 in the connection pocket 342. The first and second inner end surfaces 351, 352 may extend from each other in opposite directions along the vertical axis NT of the crown, moving along the longitudinal axis LT of the crown from the inner wall 350 of the connecting pocket 342 to the adapter hole 344.

The inner surface 340 includes a first inner side surface 354 and a second inner side surface 355. The first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 are spaced apart along the transverse axis of the crown TT. The first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 extend between the first inner end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352.

The inner base wall 350 may be generally flat and generally parallel to the adapter opening 344 in the connection pocket 342. The first and second inner end surfaces 351, 352 and the first and second inner side surfaces 354, 355 may be adjacent the inner base wall 350 and adjacent to it. The first and second inner end surfaces 351, 352 may extend between the first and second inner side surfaces 354, 355 from the inner base wall 350 in a direction from the digging portion 304 along the longitudinal axis LT to the adapter hole 344. The inner surface 340 may have a transition portion from the inner base wall 350 to the first and second inner end surfaces 351, 352 and to the first and second inner side surfaces 354, 355 with a fillet 358. The fillet 358 may have a profile and layout that promotes distribution and smoothing out stresses in the walls of the crown 90 of the excavation tool, thereby reducing their concentration. In embodiments, the radius of fillet 358 may vary throughout the connection pocket 342.

In Fig. 27 illustrates a first inner end surface 351 and a second inner end surface 352, each having a first convex portion 361 with a first convex profile and a second convex portion 362 with a second convex profile. The first convex portion 361 is adjacent to the inner base wall 350, and the second convex portion 362 is adjacent to the adapter opening 344 in the connection pocket 342. In the illustrated embodiment, the first convex profile is different from the second convex profile. In some embodiments, the first and second convex portions 361, 362 may have different layout patterns.

As shown in Fig. 27 and 28, each of the first inner end surface and the second inner end surface has a first adapter projection 367 and a second adapter projection 368. Each first adapter projection 367 and every second adapter projection 368 are typically flat. Each first adapter projection 367 is located between the inner base wall 350 and the first convex portion 361 of the first inner end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352, respectively. Each first adapter protrusion 367 is located between the inner base wall 350 and the first fastener hole 321 and the second fastener hole 322 along the longitudinal axis LT of the crown. Each second adapter projection 368 is located between the first convex portion 361 and the second convex portion 362 of the first inner end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352, respectively.

The first and second adapter protrusions 367, 368 include adjustment pads that are capable of providing additional structural support to the excavation tool bit 90 and to assist in the secure fit of the excavation tool bit 90 and the adapter 75. As shown in Fig. 24 and 28, the inner base wall 350 may also include an adapter end lip 369 containing an adjustment pad.

As shown in Fig. 28, the first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 respectively form a first fastening member opening 321 and a second fastening member opening 322. The first fastener hole 321 extends along the axis LO1 of the first fastener hole, and the second fastener hole extends along the axis LO2 of the second fastener hole. The axis LO1 of the first hole for the fastening element and the longitudinal axis LN of the crown form the inclination angle ψ1 of the first hole for the fastening element, and the axis LO2 of the second fastening element and the longitudinal axis LN of the crown form the inclination angle ψ2 of the second hole for the fastening element. The inclination angle ψ1 of the first hole for the fastening element and the inclination angle ψ2 of the second hole for the fastening element is an indirect angle. In some embodiments, the inclination angle ψ1 of the first fastening element hole and the inclination angle ψ2 of the second fastening element hole are substantially complementary, respectively, to the inclination angle θ1 of the first fastening element and the inclination angle θ2 of the second fastening element.

In some embodiments, the inclination angle ψ1 of the first fastening member opening and the inclination angle ψ2 of the second fastening member opening are each from sixty-five to eighty-five degrees. In other embodiments, the inclination angle ψ1 of the first fastening member hole and the inclination angle ψ2 of the second fastening member hole are each from seventy to eighty degrees.

As shown in Fig. 28, the first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 include a fastener channel surface 371, 372 that forms a first fastener hole 321 and a second fastener hole 322, respectively. The fastening member channels 371, 372 of the first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 are configured such that the first fastening member 131 and the second fastening member 132 of the adapter 75 are disposed therein, respectively.

The fastening member channels 371, 372 of the first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 are configured such that the locking mechanisms 95, 96 are located therein, respectively. In Fig. 28 shows a first locking mechanism 95 that is located on the channel surface 371 of the fastening element of the first inner side surface 354.

Essentially, the fastening member channels 371, 372 of each of the first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 have a hollow cylindrical segment surface 374 and a frustoconical segment surface 375. The surface 374 of the hollow cylindrical segment is located closer to the adapter hole 344 than the frustoconical surface 375. The surface 375 of the frustoconical segment is located closer to the inner base wall 350 than the surface 374 of the hollow cylindrical segment. The surface 374 of the hollow cylindrical segment and the surface 375 of the segment with a truncated cone profile are configured to be placed in one of the locking mechanisms 95, 96.

In some embodiments, the surface 374 of the hollow cylindrical segment of the first inner side surface and the second inner side surface is aligned with the axis LO1 of the first fastener hole and the axis LO2 of the second fastener hole, respectively. In some embodiments, each frustoconical segment surface 375 of the first inner side surface 354 and the second inner side surface 355 has a semi-vertical angle γ3, γ4 of ten to thirty degrees.

As shown in Fig. 24 and 28, each first inner side surface 354 and second inner side surface 355 includes a fastening member slot surface 379, 380 that defines a first fastening member slot 381 and a second fastening member slot 382, respectively. The first fastener slot 381 extends along the longitudinal axis LT of the crown between the adapter hole 344 and the first fastener hole 321, and the second fastener slot 382 extends along the longitudinal axis LT of the crown between the adapter hole 344 and the second fastener hole 322. . The first fastening member slot 381 and the second fastening member slot 382 are configured to receive the first fastening member 131 and the second fastening member 132, respectively, when inserting the mounting head 125 of the adapter 75 into the connecting pocket 342 of the earthing tool bit 90 for planting, respectively. the first and second fastening members 131, 132 into the first and second fastening member holes 321, 322.

As shown in Fig. 8, the mounting head 125 of the adapter 75 is located within the connection pocket 342 of the bit 90 of the excavation tool such that the first end surface 184 and the second end surface 185 of the adapter 75, respectively, abut the first inner end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352 of the bit. 90 tools for earthworks. The excavation tool bit 90 is hinged to the adapter 75 by locking mechanisms 95, 96 such that the excavation tool bit 90 can be moved relative to the adapter 75 about a mounting axis substantially parallel to the transverse axis TN of the adapter crown 75. Intermediate portions of the first inner one The end surface 351 and the second inner end surface 352 of the excavation tool bit 90 are at appropriate distances from each other and do not interact with the first end surface 184 and the second end surface 185 of the adapter 75.

In Fig. 29-36 show an embodiment of the locking mechanism 401 of the fastening member of the locking mechanism 95 in accordance with the principles of the present invention. In some embodiments, the locking mechanisms 95, 96 may include a fastener locking mechanism 401, 402 and a locking latch 411, 412. In the illustrated embodiment, the locking mechanisms 95, 96 are substantially the same. Accordingly, it should be understood that the description of the locking mechanism 401 shown in Fig. 29-36 is equally applicable to both the first fastener locking mechanism 401 and the second fastener locking mechanism 402.

As shown in Fig. 29 and 30, the fastener locking mechanism 401 includes a working portion 420. The working portion 420 typically has a cylindrical profile and includes a stop 422 extending outward in a radial direction. A stop 422 is provided to limit the relative rotational movement of the fastener locking mechanism relative to the C-shaped locking latch 411 when it is in the locked position (the second fastener locking mechanism 402 is in the locked position in Fig. 10) and in the unlocked position ( The first locking mechanism 401 of the fastening element is in the unlocked position in Fig. 10). The working portion 420 has a tool interface surface 425 on which a tool cavity is formed to receive the tool to facilitate relative rotational movement of the fastener locking mechanism 401 and the locking pawl 411. In the illustrated embodiment, the tool cavity 427 is generally rectangular profile (see also Fig. 36). In other embodiments, the tool interface 425 may be configured differently to form a tool cavity 427 with a different profile (eg, a cross-shaped cavity).

As shown in Fig. 31 and 32, the fastener locking mechanism 401 includes a locking portion 430 with a slot 435 formed therein. The slot 435 may be formed in a wall 437 of the locking mechanism locking portion 430. The wall 437 of the locking portion of the locking mechanism typically has a C-shaped profile.

The locking portion 430 of the locking mechanism 401 of the fastening element has an inclined slot base surface 440. The slanted slot base surface 440 is configured to be substantially aligned with the attachment member slot 381 of the excavation tool bit 90 when the attachment member locking mechanism 401 is in the unlocked position (see, for example, Fig. 28).

As shown in Fig. 10, the first fastening member locking mechanism 401 and the second fastening member locking mechanism 402 are rotatably positioned in the first and second fastening member holes 321, 322 of the excavation tool bit 90, respectively, such that the first fastening member 131 is positioned in the slot. 435 of the locking portion 430 of the first fastening member locking mechanism 401, and the second fastening member 132 is located in the slot 435 of the locking portion 430 of the second fastening member locking mechanism 402. The first and second fastening element locking mechanisms can be rotated between an unlocked position in which the first fastening element 131 and the second fastening element 132 are free due to the fact that the wall 437 of the locking portion of the fastening element locking mechanism 401, 402 cannot move out of the bit connection pocket 342 90 of the excavation tool as a result of relative displacement along the longitudinal axis LN of the head in the extraction direction 442 and a locked position in which the wall 437 of the locking portion of the locking mechanism 401, 402 of the fastening elements prevents the relative displacement of the corresponding fastening elements 131, 132 relative to the crown 90 of the excavation tool work towards 442 extraction.

The locking mechanisms 95, 96 are capable of securing the excavation tool bit 90 to the adapter 75 and substantially limit the relative movement of these components relative to each other such that the GET assembly 70 can be in a nominal position when the GET assembly 70 is not in use. When force is applied to the components of the GET assembly 70 along the transverse axis TN of the head or the vertical axis NN of the head, the locking mechanisms 95, 96 continue to secure the components to each other and allow the parts to rotate relative to each other about the transverse axis TN of the head and/or the vertical axis NN of the head in response to the specified force. The corresponding parts of the GET assembly 70 can rotate relative to each other at a maximum rotation position in which the parts can interact with each other at various points, thereby limiting further relative rotational displacement.

Industrial applicability

The industrial applicability of the GET assemblies disclosed herein is clear from the above discussion. The present invention is applicable to any machine that uses a work implement for digging, removing soil, leveling, excavating, or any other suitable action involving gripping the ground or other material being processed. In machines used for such work, the digging tools and bits can wear out quickly and require replacement. These applications may require replacement of earthmoving tools and bits, but it is necessary to extend the life of these tools as long as possible to reduce downtime and parts replacement costs. The present invention has the described characteristics that can reduce the likelihood of parts failure and increase the service life of earthmoving tools. Reducing the likelihood of parts failure can help increase machine uptime and save on spare parts costs.

It should be understood that the above description contains examples of the disclosed system and method. However, it is contemplated that other embodiments of the invention may differ in detail from the above examples. All references to the disclosure or examples are intended to refer to the specific example being discussed at this time and are not intended to imply any limitation as to the scope of the invention more generally. All statements of distinctive features and omissions of certain features are intended to indicate no preference for those features and not to exclude them entirely from the scope of the invention, unless otherwise indicated.

The value ranges listed herein are generally intended to be a quick reference only, with reference to each individual range value unless otherwise noted, and each individual value is included in the specifications as if it were individually listed herein. All methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated or the context clearly indicates.

Claims (21)

1. An excavation tool bit (90) for a work tool (60), containing: excavation part (304); a connecting element (302) including an inner surface (340) forming a connecting pocket (342) having an adapter hole (344) located on the connecting element (302), a first fastening element hole (321) and a second hole (322) for the fastening element, wherein the connecting element (302) and the digging part (304) extend along the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown, while the inner surface (340) includes an inner base wall (350), and a connection pocket (342) extends from the inner base wall (350) to an adapter hole (344) along the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown; the inner surface (340) includes a first inner end surface (351) and a second inner end surface (352), wherein the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352) converge with respect to each other in a direction away from the hole (344 ) for an adapter to the inner wall (350) of the base along the vertical axis (NT) of the crown, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown; the inner surface (340) includes a first inner side surface (354) and a second inner side surface (355), the first inner side surface (354) and the second inner side surface (355) being spaced apart along a transverse axis (TT) a crown that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown and the vertical axis (NT) of the crown, wherein a first inner flank surface (354) and a second inner flank surface (355) each extend between the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface surface (352), the first inner side surface (354) and the second inner side surface (355) comprise a fastener channel surface (371, 372) that forms a first fastener hole (321) and a second fastener hole (322), respectively, a surface ( 371, 372) of the fastening element channel of each of the first inner side surface (354) and the second inner side surface (355) have a surface (374) of a hollow cylindrical segment and a surface (375) of a segment with a truncated cone profile; a first inner side surface (354) and a second inner side surface (355) respectively define a first fastening member opening (321) and a second fastening member opening (322), the first fastening member opening (321) extending along an axis ( LO ₁ ) of the first fastener hole, and the second fastener hole (322) extends along the axis (LO ₂ ) of the second fastener hole, wherein the axis (LO ₁ ) of the first fastener hole and the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown form the angle ψ ₁ of inclination of the first hole for the fastening element, and wherein the axis (LO ₂ ) of the second hole for the fastening element and the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown form the angle ψ ₂ of inclination of the second hole for the fastening element, and the angle (ψ ₁ ) of inclination of the first hole for the element fastening and the angle (ψ ₂ ) of inclination of the second hole for the fastening element, both represent an indirect angle. 2. The excavation tool bit (90) of claim 1, wherein the inclination angle ψ ₁ of the first fastening member hole and the inclination angle ψ ₂ of the second fastening member hole are each from sixty-five to eighty-five degrees. 3. The excavation tool bit (90) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first inner side surface (354) and the second inner side surface (355) each comprise a fastening member slot surface (379, 380) that respectively forms a first fastener slot (381) and a second fastener slot (382), wherein the first fastener slot (381) extends along the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown between the adapter hole (344) and the first hole (321) for the fastener, and a second slot (382) for the fastener extends along the longitudinal axis (LT) of the crown between the adapter hole (344) and the second hole (322) for the fastener. 4. The excavation tool bit (90) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352) each have a first convex portion (361) with a first convex profile and a second a convex portion (362) with a second convex profile, wherein the first convex profile is different from the second convex profile, and the first convex portion (361) is adjacent to the inner wall (350) of the base, and the second convex portion (362) is adjacent to the opening (344) for adapter in the connection pocket (342). 5. The excavation tool bit (90) of claim 4, wherein the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352) each have a first adapter lip (367) and a second adapter lip (368), wherein each first protrusion (367) of the adapter and each second protrusion (368) of the adapter are flat, each first protrusion (367) of the adapter is located between the inner wall (350) of the base and the first convex section (361) of the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352), respectively, and every second protrusion (368) of the adapter is located between the first convex portion (361) and the second convex portion (362) of the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352), respectively. 6. The crown (90) of an excavation tool according to claim 1 or 2, in which the surface (374) of the hollow cylindrical segment is located closer to the adapter hole (344) than the surface (375) with a truncated cone profile, and the surface (375) segment with a truncated cone profile is located closer to the inner wall (350) of the base than the surface (374) of the hollow cylindrical segment. 7. The crown (90) of the excavation tool according to claim 6, in which the surface (375) of the segment with the truncated cone profile of the first inner side surface (354) and the second inner side surface (355) each has a semi-vertical angle (γ ₁ , γ ₂ ), formed between the height of the cone and the generatrix of the cone and ranging from ten to thirty degrees, and the surface (374) of the hollow cylindrical segment of the first inner side surface (354) and the second inner side surface (355) is aligned with the axis (LO ₁ ) the first hole for the fastening element and the axis (LO ₂ ) of the second hole for the fastening element, respectively. 8. Assembly (70) of an earth-moving tool, containing: adapter (75) containing: a base (102), a mounting part (104) of a working tool and a mounting part (107) of a crown, while the mounting part (104) of a working tool extends from the base (102) and is designed for installation on a working tool ( 60), the mounting part (107) of the crown extends from the base (102) in the opposite direction to the mounting part (104) of the working tool and contains: a mounting head (125), a first fastening element (131) and a second fastening element (132), with In this case, the mounting head (125) contains an end (135) of the base connected to the base (102), and a distal end (137), and the mounting head (125) extends from the end (135) of the base to the distal end (137) along the longitudinal axis ( LN) of the head and contains the first side surface (181) of the head and the second side surface (182) of the head, located at a distance from each other along the transverse axis (TN) of the head, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (LN) of the head, while the first fastening element (131 ) extends from the first side surface (181) of the head along the first axis (L ₁ ) of the fastening element, and the second fastening element (132) extends from the second side surface (182) of the head along the second axis (L ₂ ) of the fastening element, the first axis ( L ₁ ) of the fastening element and the longitudinal axis (LN) of the head form the angle (θ ₁ ) of inclination of the first fastening element, and the second axis (L ₁ ) of the fastening element and the longitudinal axis (LN) of the head form the angle (θ ₂ ) of inclination of the second fastening element, wherein the angle (θ ₁ ) of inclination of the first fastening element and the angle (θ ₂ ) of inclination of the second fastening element are an indirect angle; the crown of the excavation tool (90) according to claim 1; wherein the mounting head (125) of the adapter (75) is located in the connecting pocket (342) of the crown of the excavation tool (90), the first fastening element (131) and the second fastening element (132) protrude from the mounting head (125) of the adapter (75) and, accordingly, pass into the first hole (321) for the fastening element and the second hole (322) for the fastening element of the crown (90) of the excavation tool. 9. Assembly (70) of an excavation tool according to claim 8, in which the first fastening element (131) and the second fastening element (132) of the adapter (75) are located on the surface (371, 372) of the channel of the fastening element of the first inner side surface ( 354) and the second inner side surface (355), respectively, and the earthmoving tool assembly (70) further comprises: a first fastening member locking mechanism (401) and a second fastening member locking mechanism (402), each of which includes a locking portion (430) with a slot (435) formed therein, the first fastening member locking mechanism (401) and the second locking mechanism (402) of the fastening elements are rotatably located in the first hole (321) for the fastening element of the first inner side surface (354) and in the second hole (322) for the fastening element of the second inner side surface (355) of the crown (90) of the excavation tool , respectively, so that the first fastening element (131) is located in the slot (435) of the locking part (430) of the first locking mechanism (401) of the fastening element, and the second fastening element (132) is located in the slot (435) of the locking part (430) a second fastening member locking mechanism (402), the first fastening member locking mechanism (401) and the second fastening member locking mechanism (402) being rotatable between a unlocked position in which the first fastening member (131) and the second fastening member (132) are released from the first locking mechanism (401) of the fastening element and the second locking mechanism (402) of the fastening element, respectively, and cannot move from the connecting pocket (342) of the crown (90) of the excavation tool as a result of the relative displacement along the longitudinal axis (LN) of the head in extraction direction (442), and a locked position in which the locking portion (430) is locked from relative displacement of the first fastening member (131) and the second fastening member (132) relative to the crown (90) of the excavation tool. 10. The excavation tool assembly (70) of claim 9, wherein the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352) of the excavation tool crown (90) each have a first adapter projection (367). and a second adapter projection (368), wherein each first adapter projection (367) and each second adapter projection (368) are flat, each first adapter projection (367) is located between the inner wall (350) of the base and the first convex portion (361) of the first inner end surface (351) and second inner end surface (352), respectively, and every second adapter protrusion (368) is located between the first convex portion (361) and the second convex portion (362) of the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352), respectively, and wherein the first convex portion (361) of the first inner end surface (351) and the second inner end surface (352) are at corresponding distances from each other and do not interact with the first end surface (184) and the second end surface (185) of the adapter (75).