RU2816741C1 - Device for obtaining energy from river water flows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydropower engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to river power plants. It comprises electric power generator, rectifier unit, controller, inverter, electric power accumulators and connecting wires. Electric power generator comprises linear rod hinged to beam arranged across river bed. On the rod there are freely rotating links of the linear generator, which decrease in diameter along the length, at the ends of which there are piezoelectric elements. On surfaces of links there are screw guides, which cause their rotation under action of hydrodynamic water flow. Guides through one link have different inclination from 45° to 35° with inversion of 4°, providing different speed of their rotation.

EFFECT: increasing efficiency of damless and turbineless device for energy production.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydropower, namely to river power plants. The technical problem solved by the proposed device is the dam-free and turbine-free generation of electricity on small rivers. This device includes an electricity generator, a rectifier unit, a controller, electricity storage devices, an inverter, connecting wires and is a linear rod with freely rotating links placed on it, decreasing in diameter along the length and having piezoelectric elements completely immersed in the river flow, capable of rotating in sections around a common axis, and generate electricity. The piezoelements are located at the ends of the freely rotating links of the linear rod of the generator and have screw guides that cause them to rotate under the action of the hydrodynamic flow of water. Screw guides are placed on the surfaces of the links and through one have a different inclination, providing different speeds of their rotation. At the same time, the links of the linear generator have a diameter that decreases along the length.

A known (analogue) tidal power plant (patent RU 2525622), containing a dam with several culverts with its own hydraulic turbine with blades, each with a flow of water passing through its own hydraulic turbine, an engine room with an electric generator.

The disadvantage of this invention is the need to build and use a special dam, which is built in sea bays, because it works on tidal rising waters. This feature of the invention under consideration significantly increases the cost of the entire structure.

A well-known (analogue) run-of-the-river hydroelectric power station (patent RU 2347935) includes a water intake with a waste-retaining grid, a turbine conduit, a hydraulic turbine and a suction pipe.

The disadvantage of this invention is the limited use of it in winter, because it has a surface part that will not work in conditions of ice covering the river network.

A known (prototype) device for extracting energy from sea currents (patent RU 2401358), including several cylindrical shell supports located on the sea shelf, a system of inlet and outlet pipelines, and hydrogenerators.

The disadvantage of this invention is the limited scope of application to the sea shelf.

The proposed device for obtaining energy from river water flows eliminates these disadvantages, since it operates on river flows, without dams and without turbines, both in summer and winter (under conditions of ice-covered rivers).

The technical problem solved by the proposed device is to generate electricity on small rivers. The technical result to be achieved by the claimed invention is a dam-free and turbine-free submersible design of a device for generating energy, which makes it possible to obtain electricity in the most efficient way, due to the reduction of operating costs, in small rivers.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device for obtaining energy from river water flows, including an electricity generator, a rectifier unit, a controller, electricity storage devices, an inverter, contact wires, an electricity generator is used, which is a multi-link linear rod made of wear-resistant material. abrasion of polytetrafluoroethylene plastic (PTFE-4), on which freely rotating links are placed (around a common axis), which have piezoelectric elements at the ends of its links and a narrowing along its length.

The piezoelements are located at the ends of the links of the linear rod of the generator and have screw guides that cause them to rotate under the action of the hydrodynamic flow of water. Screw guides are placed on the surfaces of the links and through one have a different inclination, providing different speeds of their rotation. In this case, the links of the linear generator have a diameter that decreases along the length. Moreover, all elements of the electrical circuit are insulated from water.

The rectifier unit is an electromechanical device designed to convert an input electrical current in an alternating direction into a direct current.

The battery charge controller is represented by an electronic circuit as part of the charger, designed to control the charging process of the electricity storage device.

The energy storage devices used in the device are represented by electrochemical storage devices - rechargeable batteries (or energy storage devices based on molecular capacitors).

An inverter is a device for converting direct current into alternating current, changing the voltage value.

Connecting wires are used to connect all the equipment of a device into a single electrical system.

The operation of the device for obtaining energy from river water flows is carried out as follows. Initially, a special beam (2) is constructed across the river bed (1). Then a device for obtaining energy from river water flows (4) is attached to it by means of a hinge (3), consisting of a linear rod (5) 7 to 15 m long, made of wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene plastic (fluoroplastic-4) with placed on It contains freely rotating links of a linear generator changing their diameter along the length from 30 cm near the beam to 5 cm at the place of its end (6) at the ends of which piezoelectric elements are placed and completely immersed in the river flow. Under the influence of the hydrodynamic flow of river water, independent rotation occurs in the direction (7) of the piezoelectric generator links, relative to the axis of the rod (at different speeds through one link), with the simultaneous generation of electric current by the piezoelements (8), which are generated by changing the pressure on the piezoelements when the links rotate electric current is sent through contact wires (9) to the generating station (10) and further in the form of alternating current (11) to the consumer.

Why, in the device, piezoelements are located at the ends of the freely rotating links of the linear generator, which have screw guides bent at an angle, causing them to rotate under the action of the hydrodynamic flow of water. Moreover, the screw guides have different (from 45° to 35° - inversion 4°) inclination, providing different rotation speeds of the freely rotating links of the linear generator.

The 220/48 Minipack 48/400 FC rectifier unit is an electromechanical device designed to convert an AC input electrical current into a DC current.

The Delta PWM 2420 20A, 12V/24V battery charge controller is included in the charger, designed to control the charging process of the electricity storage device (battery).

Inverter IS 1500 (12/24) is a device for converting direct current received from piezoelectric elements into alternating current, with a change in voltage value.

The energy storage devices used in the device are represented by electrochemical storage devices - Delta DT 12200 batteries (or energy storage devices based on molecular capacitors). They are used for storing and converting electricity, implementing optimal operating modes for equipment, etc.

Connecting contact wires (standard copper ones are taken) are used to combine all the equipment of the device into a single electrical circuit.

Claims (1)

A device for obtaining energy from river water flows, including an electricity generator, a rectifier unit, a controller, an inverter, electricity storage devices, connecting wires, characterized in that the electricity generator contains a linear rod, fixed by means of a hinge on a beam placed across the river bed; freely rotating links of a linear generator decreasing in diameter along the length, at the ends of which piezoelectric elements are located; screw guides are placed on the surfaces of the links, causing them to rotate under the action of the hydrodynamic flow of water, and the guides through one link have a different inclination from 45° to 35° with inversion 4°, providing different speeds of their rotation.