RU2815705C1 - Method for transfer of long-span steam-and-water mixture delivery pipeline over canyon located in seismically active zone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of long-span crossings of the steam-and-water mixture delivery pipeline. Method of transfer of large-span pipelines for delivery of steam-and-water mixture over a canyon located in a seismically active zone involves construction of a bridge with a metal arched span with passage of long-span sections of pipelines for supply of steam-and-water mixture "in the middle".

EFFECT: high reliability of long-span pipelines above a canyon located in a seismically active zone.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The technical solution relates to the field of building structures and can be used in the construction of long-span transitions of steam-water mixture delivery pipelines.

State of the art

An arched bridge is known (RU2114955 dated July 10, 1998, IPC E01D 4/00), which includes shore supports with hinged supporting parts, an arch supported on them with a flexible tie, anchored at the ends of the arch at the level of the hinges of the supporting parts and located below their level, and a roadway part, characterized in that the tie is equipped with a system of weights suspended from it or supported on it, which completely compensate for the arch thrust, and the weights are made either in the form of elements suspended from the tie along its length, or in the form of elements with coaxial internal through channels through which the tightening is missing, or the roadway of the bridge is used as weights, to which the tightening is connected by means of structural elements, for example racks or hangers.

A device for strengthening a pipeline crossing is known (RU 2150548 dated 06/10/2000, IPC E01D 18/00, E01D 1/00, F16L 3/10, F16L 3/16), including support elements and beams, the longitudinal axes of which are parallel to the axes of an overhead structure located above the obstacle section and onshore sections of the transition, characterized in that the supporting elements are made in the form of foundations located on the banks of the obstacle outside the prism of the collapse of the bank soil, and the beams, which themselves are reinforced with vertical trusses, are placed on the foundations to form cantilever overhangs over the onshore and above-ground sections of the pipeline , while the cantilever overhangs are connected, respectively, to the onshore and above-ground sections of the pipeline by means of rods and crossbars.

An arched bridge span is known (RU2165490 dated 04/20/2001, IPC E01D 4/00), with a ride on top or in the middle, including arches and a roadway connected with them by suspensions or racks, characterized in that the roadway with its ends is fixedly fixed to the bridge supports and is rigidly attached to the arches at the nodes of their intersection or contact, which are located at a distance s from the transverse axis of the bridge, amounting to (0-0.35)L, where L is the total length of the roadway of the bridge, and the bridge is equipped with transverse horizontal diaphragms connecting the nodes intersection or contact of the arch with the roadway to form a rigid structure.

A device is known for reinforcing an overhead pipeline crossing using an adapted system (RU2172442 dated 08.20.2001, IPC F16L 1/00), including supporting and supporting elements of the working pipeline, characterized in that in order to reduce bending stresses while maintaining the compensating features of the pipeline crossing, the supporting elements are made in in the form of racks on which a lever beam rests, at one end of which a device for supporting the pipeline is attached, and at the opposite end a load is attached to create a force that unloads the pipeline.

An arched bridge is known (RU2209868 dated 08/10/2003, IPC E01D 4/00), which includes shore supports and a span structure of a closed box-shaped cross-section, characterized in that the span structure, in the area between the shore supports, is made in the form of a monolithic hollow reinforced concrete block with a convex and/or a lower chord concave in cross section, and each coastal support is presented in the form of a covering slab with rod supports rigidly connected to the slab and inclined towards the resultant loads on the covering slab.

A bridge and a method of its construction are known (KG2257442 dated 05/27/2005, IPC E01D 21/08, E01D 12/00), in which along the edges of the existing obstacle it covers with an offset beyond their contour, for example along the river bank or along the slopes of a ravine, preferably bulk, support platforms for placing stocks for the enlarged assembly of sections of a span formed by an orthotropic slab, placed by means of a slide, each on a support rotating relative to the vertical axis, installed on the specified support platform in its zone with a pre-reinforced load-bearing capacity, then rotated by means of hydraulic jacks slides with assembled, each on a corresponding support, enlarged T-shaped sections in the longitudinal section until their longitudinal axes coincide in terms of directions and the formation between their edges facing each other is equal in width, into which the insert plate is placed, connected to the T- shaped sections to form a single span structure, while the branches of the T-shaped sections facing each other are made under the condition that they provide more torque than their opposite branches create, which is compensated for, for example, by counterweights and/or jacks before the sections begin to rotate.

A multifunctional bridge is known (RU47014 dated 08/10/2005, IPC E01D 1/00), including coastal supports, intermediate supports, a two-tier span structure with the passage of rail traffic in the lower tier and highways and a shopping and pedestrian zone in the upper tier, characterized in that the intermediate support is made in the form of a reinforced concrete monolith with upper and lower through openings, united at the bottom and divided into parts at the top, the span structure is made in the form of a metal frame with longitudinal consoles in the upper tier, while the lower tier of the span structure is installed in the lower through opening of the intermediate support, highways are located on the consoles of the upper tier of the span, the shopping and pedestrian zone is located between highways and passes through the upper through opening of the intermediate support, and above each span there is a metal arched structure, the ends of which are rigidly connected to the upper parts of adjacent intermediate supports, and the span the structure and the arched structure are interconnected by rigid metal elements.

A device is known for creating a cast-in-place pile, prestressed along the ground (RU50551 dated January 20, 2006, IPC E02D 5/38), including a supporting pipe, a working chamber and a high-pressure chamber, fixed outside the pipe one above the other and placed in the well, characterized in that the device additionally contains a hydraulic tampon located in the upper part of the supporting pipe adjacent to the working chamber, and above the hydraulic tampon, the supporting pipe is equipped with a pressure ring plate with stiffening ribs and a hydraulic jack with a ring fastening element to the supporting pipe; wherein the working chamber, high-pressure chamber and hydraulic tampon are made of high-strength, waterproof, flexible reinforced material with the possibility of partial stretching in the horizontal direction.

There is a known method for constructing a city highway and arranging a city highway (RU2271291 dated March 10, 2006, MPK B61B 5/02, E01B 2/00), according to which for a highway over the shallow part of water areas, over coastal slopes, as well as under bridges near coastal embankments and coastal bridge supports, extended reinforced concrete overpasses are erected on piles with rails laid on longitudinal and transverse crossbars, with platforms for passengers and supports for power lines; under the arches of the coastal embankments of bridges, the highway is passed through tunnels, stopping pavilions with turnstiles are built, and the transition from overpass platforms to stopping pavilions and embankment streets are carried out along bridges hanging over the slopes of the banks with hanging flights of stairs, while using the construction of a city highway for high-speed electric freight and passenger transport in coastal cities and in cities on the river coast, in which for the highway over the shallow part of the water areas, above the slopes of the banks, and also under the bridges near the coastal embankments and coastal supports of the bridges, extended reinforced concrete overpasses with rails laid on longitudinal and transverse crossbars, platforms for passengers and supports for power lines were erected on piles, under the arches of the coastal embankments of the bridges the highway was passed through tunnels, stopping pavilions with turnstiles were built , and the transition from the platforms of the overpasses to the stopping pavilions and embankment streets is made along bridges hanging over the slopes of the banks with hanging flights of stairs.

There is a known method for constructing pile foundations of bridge supports (RU2303674 dated July 27, 2007, IPC E01D 19/02, E02D 27/12), including the formation of at least one vertical and inclined with a slope of their axes relative to the vertical axis equal to 1:(10 -12), wells that are performed by inclined drilling to the full depth in a casing pipe immersed in the ground, followed by installation of a reinforcement cage placed in the well casing pipe and supply of concrete mixture when removing the casing pipe, and initially constructing a pile vertically located in the center of the grillage contour or a pile offset from the center of the grillage contour in plan along the central axis to one side of the grillage, then the outermost inclined piles are constructed, each of which is offset from it in plan diagonally to the opposite side of the grillage, which is constructed in the sheet piling fence, after constructing the grillage of the sinus between the sheet piling the fence and grillage body are covered with soil, and the sheet piling fence is dismantled after installation on these bridge supports of the span.

An arched bridge is known (RU2403335 dated November 10, 2010, IPC E01D 4/00), containing coastal supports, a bridge span structure and a pedestrian deck fixedly fixed on it, characterized in that the bridge span structure consists of an arched span and hinged tangentially fixed to it two cantilever beams to it, while the arched span, pedestrian deck and cantilever arches are monolithic structures consisting of a fiberglass shell filled with polyurethane foam, a fiberglass shell of the arched span and a fiberglass shell of its part of the pedestrian deck, as well as a fiberglass shell of the cantilever parts and fiberglass shell; parts of the pedestrian deck are made as a single unit during manufacturing; The upper part of the bridge is equipped with railings.

A prefabricated bridge structure with supports on screw piles is known (RU99014 dated November 10, 2010, IPC E01D 1/00), containing coastal and river supports on which sections of the span structure are laid, characterized in that the supports are installed in pairs across the span structure, coastal the supports are formed by screw piles, immersed with the upper end located at the level with the access road bed to ensure the possibility of horizontal installation of the end sections of the span, and the river supports are formed by screw piles and vertical posts, fixed on the piles and made at a height that ensures a single level with the ends of the bank supports for laying the span structure, while the frames of the span sections are made in the form of rectangular frames formed by longitudinal and transverse beams, and at the transverse ends of the frames there are flanges connected to each other in adjacent frames with bolted connections.

A bridge span is known (RU2414559 dated 03/20/2011, IPC E01D 4/00), with a ride on the bottom, including main arched trusses of a lens-shaped shape with a flexible tightening, formed by an upper chord in the form of a bent-glued arch and a lower flexible steel belt, united by transverse semi-frames and system of connections, while the beams of the roadway are supported on the crossbars of the semi-frames, and under the crossbars there are flexible spring-loaded cables supporting them, fixed at the ends in the fixed and movable supports of the bridge, and the cables are located on a curved surface formed by the lower chords of the main trusses, which are tightening cables, characterized by that it is equipped with devices for additional prestressing of the cables, installed under the crossbars of the semi-frames, the lower chords of the main trusses are made collapsible, and the semi-frames are suspended from bent-laminated arches using collapsible units.

There is a known design for strengthening the over-support section of an arched bridge span (RU2476637 dated 02/27/2013, IPC E01D 22/00), including arches resting with their ends on permanent bridge supports, support posts, a beam cage consisting of longitudinal and transverse beams and longitudinal beams of the interspan filling, supported by longitudinal beams, and a roadway with expansion joints, characterized in that under the outermost transverse beam in the span adjacent to the support section, a flat reinforcing truss is mounted, attached to the support posts, between the outermost transverse beam in the span adjacent to the support section section, and a flat reinforcing truss, additional longitudinal beams are placed, resting on the flat reinforcing truss and suspended from a transverse beam located in the middle part of the span, and additional transverse reinforcing beams are installed on the additional longitudinal beams, on which the ends of the longitudinal ones are supported through tangential support parts of increased displacements beams of interspan filling and through wedged packages of steel sheets - the ends of existing longitudinal beams adjacent to the superstructure section of the span.

A long-span X-shaped spatial arched pipeline support is known (CN2013205312434 dated 08.28.2013, IPC F16L 3/24), which contains an X-shaped steel arched frame and steel ties. The X-shaped steel arch frame is composed of two arch tubes, which are placed close to each other at the top of the arch, and the arch springs are separated, forming a stable spatial structure. A plurality of steel ties are mounted between two arched pipes in the crossing mode, a flexible hanging bar is hung on each steel tie, and a pipeline is suspended under the flexible hanging bars.

A known bracket for an arched pipe with a large span of an X-shaped form (CN103453229 dated 12/18/2013, IPC F16L 3/24, which contains an X-shaped steel arched frame and steel connecting rods, while the X-shaped steel arched frame contains two arched pipes located close to the arched top; the arched legs are separated to form a stable structure; a plurality of steel tie rods are tensioned between two arched pipes; a flexible hanger rod is suspended from each steel tie rod; a pipe is suspended below the flexible hanger rod.

A known prestressed reinforced concrete bridge beam (RU167381 dated January 10, 2017, IPC E01D 2/00), made trapezoidal in cross section with an upper base that is essentially twice as large as the bottom, and a height that is essentially equal to two upper bases, and containing longitudinally located in its body four-strand bundles of reinforcement from K-7 015 ropes with a temporary resistance of 1860 MPa, - in the lower belt in two levels, in the lower of which five bundles of reinforcement are located with equal spacing, and in the upper level - three bundles of reinforcement with a step between them essentially doubled in relation to the lower level, and in the upper chord the beam is reinforced with two four-strand bundles of reinforcement made of K-7 015 ropes with a temporary resistance of 1860 MPa located longitudinally in its body, each of which is located in vertical plane with corresponding beams of reinforcement of the lower chord.

A known pedestrian and pipeline bridge with a mesh frame made of steel pipes (CN20449139 dated 07/22/2017, IPC E01D 18/00; E01D 19/00), having a top layer of a pedestrian covering system and a bottom layer of a pipeline/and service channel. The main beam of the bridge is a tubular mesh frame structure, and the steel mesh frame serves as the main beam. The main beam is formed by a frame structure of standard length steel pipes, has a modular design and can be mass produced. The internal space of the steel pipe mesh frame is large, and the vertical separation of pedestrians and pipelines is realized to provide independent spaces and make it easier to use and operate.

A known bridge with cantilever supports RU2637564 dated 12/05/2017, MPK E01D 1/00), including a span with cantilevers and cantilever supports, characterized in that the consoles are located on crossbars mounted on cantilever supports constructed on the shore, each of which is made in in the form of a rectangular braced triangular truss with racks, the right angle of which is directed towards the crossbars, and the lower belt, directed from the bank to the middle of the river, together with the central rack of the truss, is rigidly fixed in the foundation slab, connected by a horizontal rod to the recessed slab, the central rack in the upper part connected to an inclined post fixed in a recessed slab.

A pipe-concrete prestressed beam is known (RU26699814 dated 10/16/2018, MPK E04S 3/26, E01D 19/00), consisting of a shell in the form of a pipe and a concrete core with pre-stretched reinforcing elements, characterized in that pipes are longitudinally located inside the beam.

There is a known method for constructing a structure to protect against the intersection of grooves of a large span of an important pipeline (CN11279657 dated 06/01/2021, IPC E02D 31/00, F16L 1/028, F16L 1/11), which includes the following steps: preparation for the construction of the protective element; the lower supporting primary and secondary keels and the upper steel truss component are capped and prefabricated; the ground on both sides of the concrete slab is pre-excavated; holes are pre-dug in the lower part of the concrete slab; the lower auxiliary support keel is perforated in place; lower main support keel installed; the upper steel truss was installed and secured; and the lower support support system is tightened. In the process of laying plain concrete slabs, the earth around the plain concrete slabs is excavated by hand and with the help of small machines, and after the earth is excavated to the height required by the project, a small tamping machine is used to tamp and compact the earth so that a stable working platform can be formed , the ground on both sides of the pipeline is pre-excavated by hand, and the pipeline can remain stable during the excavation process.

A known structural element (options) (RU2767649 dated 03/18/2022, IPC E04S 2/30), consisting of coupling elements, connection elements, stiffening elements, connection nodes, characterized in that two coupling elements are connected each by their ends by at least with one stiffening element, all stiffening elements are interconnected at the point of intersection of the longitudinal axes of the stiffening elements and/or using an additional connection element consisting of one or more parts, and the ends of the coupling elements are connected to each other using coupling elements, while the coupling elements structural element are located in the same plane. In an embodiment consisting of coupling elements, coupling elements, stiffening elements, connection nodes, characterized in that the coupling elements in an amount of at least three are each connected at their ends to at least one stiffening element, and all stiffening elements are interconnected at a point intersection of the longitudinal axes of the stiffening elements and/or using an additional connection element consisting of one or more parts, and the ends of the coupling elements are connected to each other using coupling elements, while the coupling elements of the structural element are located in at least two different planes.

A U-shaped multifaceted sheet pile is known (RU2799926 dated 07/14/2023, IPC E02D 5/04), containing an odd number of faces, including a bottom face, side faces symmetrically located relative to the vertical YY axis and locking elements installed at the free ends of the outermost sides faces, characterized in that the faces are connected to each other at an angle, degrees: and the extreme side faces are installed to the horizontal axis X-X at an angle, degrees: , where n is the number of faces of the pile, while where Σ(α+β) is the sum of all angles limited by the inner surface of the pile and the horizontal axis X-X, ±Δα is the deviation of the angle between the faces from the nominal value, and the width of the bottom face is 1.0÷2.0 of the maximum width of the side face.

Technical solutions known from the prior art that are close to the claimed invention are unique and developed for special technical, climatic and operational conditions. A common disadvantage of these technical solutions is the impossibility of using them when constructing long-span pipelines for transporting a steam-water mixture in the climatic conditions of the Mutnovsky field, such as extreme snow and wind loads, over very rough terrain located in the seismically active zone of the Kamchatka Territory.

Disclosure of the invention

The technical problem of the claimed invention is the delivery of a steam-water mixture (hereinafter referred to as SWA) through long-span pipelines from a source, which is a geothermal well, to the Mutnovskaya geothermal power plant over very rough terrain located in a seismically active zone.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to ensure the transfer of long-span PVA delivery pipelines over a canyon located in a seismically active zone.

The technical result is achieved by using a method of transferring long-span pipelines for delivering a steam-water mixture over a canyon located in a seismically active zone, including the construction of a bridge with a metal arched span with the passage of long-span sections of pipelines for delivering a steam-water mixture “in the middle”, and consists of the following stages:

- construct the first and second supports in the following order:

• form foundations for the first and second supports, for which wells are drilled for bored piles, while the wells are drilled down to soil suitable for use as a foundation for the construction of the first and second supports, so that the length of the bored piles of the first support is no less than 4 times the length of the bored piles of the second support;

• in this case, the installation of bored piles is carried out in the following sequence:

o drilling a well; o installation of casing pipe;

o extracting soil from the casing using a drilling rig;

ο installation of a reinforcement cage into the well inside the casing pipe;

o filling the well with concrete in separate portions;

o compacting concrete with these portions;

ο gradual removal of the casing; in this case, the diameter of the bored piles of the first support, located inside the outer contour of the foundation of the first support, is 20% less than the diameter of the bored piles located along the outer contour of the foundation of the first support and bored piles of the second support, wherein the bored piles of the first and second supports are installed in a straight and inclined direction position, in which inclined bored piles are installed at an angle of 20° to the vertical axis;

• install the reinforcement frames of the grillages and the formwork of the grillages of the first and second supports, concrete the grillages of the first and second supports, and after gaining strength with concrete, dismantle the formwork of the grillages of the first and second supports, after which the grooves are filled and compacted with soil;

- construct safety pylons in the following order:

• pile base of the safety pylon and anchor platform made of metal piles;

• installation of reinforcement cages and formwork for the temporary grillage of the safety pylon;

• concreting temporary grillages and after the concrete of the temporary grillage of the safety pylon has gained strength, dismantling the formwork and installing the body of the safety pylon;

• installation and tensioning of anchor cables;

- construct auxiliary supports in the following order:

• installation of bridge inventory rack structures is carried out on a base made of reinforced concrete slabs;

• install support cells and structures of the first and second supports;

- carry out the construction of a metal arched bridge span, for which the 1st section of the metal arched bridge span from the end is installed using a crane located on the technological site in the following sequence:

• installation of support posts;

• installation of girth elements of an arched span;

• installation of tightening elements supported by an auxiliary support;

• installation of elements of the arched span of the bridge;

• installation of connection elements;

subsequent sections to the center of the arched span are mounted using a derrick crane:

• installation of trolley moving paths by crane;

• install a trolley to move arch elements along the path of movement;

• installation of derrick cranes in the parking lot;

- install the arched span using a derrick crane:

• a crane installed on the site loads and secures the mounting element of the arched span onto the trolley;

• the trolley is moved to the unloading site along the paths of the trolley;

• installation of elements of the arched span in the following sequence:

o tightening elements; o racks;

o elements of the arched span; about communication;

in this case, the design of the joints of the elements of the arched span structure is carried out from suspended scaffolds, and after installing the element of the arched span structure from the parking lot, the derrick crane is moved to the next parking lot to install the next element of the arched structure, then the closure of the arched span structure is performed;

- installation of long-span sections of steam-water mixture delivery pipelines is carried out on the metal arched span structure of the bridge, and three long-span sections of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline are installed in parallel;

- for which a long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is laid by dragging onto the metal arched span of the bridge, using temporary roller supports mounted in the support half-clamps of the sliding supports, each of which includes a bracket with stiffeners, which is welded to the support beams of the lower chord metal arched bridge span through I-beams laid longitudinally across the arched span;

and pulling and laying a long-span section of the pipeline for delivering the steam-water mixture to the arched span of the bridge is carried out in the following order:

• using a trolley, the end of the traction rope is transferred towards the installation site from a winch installed on the ground of the opposite side of the crossing, connected by the metal arched span of the bridge, and attached to the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline; in this case, the traction rope is passed through the safety pylons and at the same time through the center of the supporting half-collars of the sliding supports;

• the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is lifted by pipelayers and moved along the axis of the metal arched span of the bridge towards the safety pylon, passed through the opening of the safety pylon support, after which the head part of the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is laid on the first support half-yoke of the sliding support, on which temporary roller supports are installed, and the rest of the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is held and accompanied by pipe layers until the end of pulling;

After the completion of pulling the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline, the temporary roller supports are dismantled, and the long-span section of the pipeline is fixed with the upper half-clamps of the sliding supports using fasteners.

The claimed invention ensures the transfer of long-span PVA delivery pipelines over a canyon located in a seismically active zone. The use of the claimed invention ensures reliability, durability, versatility of use, ease of installation, repair and maintenance of the system for transporting long-span pipelines for the delivery of PVA over a canyon located in a seismically active zone.

Brief description of drawings

In fig. 1 shows the device of the first support.

In fig. 1 the following designations are adopted:

1. Area of inclined bored piles of the first support.

2. Zone of straight bored piles of the first support.

3. First support.

4. Grillage of the first support.

5. Installation diagram of the reinforcement frame of the lower edge of the grillage of the first support.

6. Installation diagram of the reinforcement frame of the upper face of the grillage of the first support.

7. Area for installing double reinforcement in the reinforcement frame of the upper face of the grillage of the first support.

In fig. 2 shows the device of the second support

8. Area of inclined bored piles of the second support.

9. Zone of straight bored piles of the second support.

10. Second support.

11. Grillwork of the second support

12. Installation diagram of the reinforcement frame of the lower edge of the grillage of the second support.

13. Installation diagram of the reinforcement frame of the upper edge of the grillage of the second support.

14. Area for installing double reinforcement in the reinforcement frame of the upper face of the grillage of the second support.

In fig. Figure 3 shows the construction of a metal arched bridge span.

In fig. 3 the following notations are adopted:

3. First support.

10. Second support.

15. Safety pylon.

16. Anchor platform.

17. Anchor cables.

18. Auxiliary support.

19. Metal arched bridge span.

20. Ways to move the cart.

21. Trolley.

22. Crane.

23. Derrick crane.

24. Closing the arched span.

In fig. Figure 4 shows the installation of long-span sections of pipelines for delivering a steam-water mixture to an arched span structure.

In fig. 4 the following notations are used:

25. Sliding support.

26. Top view of the deck and railing of the arched bridge span.

27. Flooring of the arched span of the bridge.

28. Fencing of the arched bridge span.

29. Long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline.

30. Bracket with sliding support stiffening ribs.

31. Support half clamp of the sliding support.

32. Upper semi-clamp of the sliding support.

33. Fastening elements.

34. Temporary roller supports. Carrying out the invention

An example of the invention is the construction of a crossing of a long-span pipeline for the delivery of PVA through a canyon, at the bottom of which a stream flows, in the form of a bridge with a metal arched span with a design length of 200 m with a pipeline passing “in the middle” for the delivery of PVA from geothermal wells located at a distance from geothermal power plants , in particular, from the Mutnovsky steam-hydrothermal deposit of the Mutnovsky geothermal power plant.

The passage of a long-span PVS delivery pipeline through a canyon involves the construction of a bridge with a metal arched span structure 19 (Fig. 3) with the passage of long-span sections of PVS delivery pipelines 29 (Fig. 4) “in the middle,” consisting of the following stages:

1. Construct the first 3 and second 10 supports (Fig. 1 and 3). The foundations for the first 3 and second 10 supports (Fig. 1 and 2) are made in the form of monolithic reinforced concrete slab grillages 4 (Fig. 1) and 11 (Fig. 2) on a pile foundation made of bored piles. Wells are drilled for bored piles, and the wells are drilled down to soil suitable for use as a foundation for the construction of the first 3 and second 10 supports, so that the length of the bored piles of the first support is at least 4 times greater than the length of the bored piles of the second support . Next, using a drilling and crane machine, the casing pipe is immersed. A drilling rig is used to remove soil from the casing pipe. A reinforcement cage is installed in the well inside the casing pipe. Using the example of the implementation of the claimed invention, the reinforcing cage is made from rolled reinforcing bars A500C 025. The wells are filled with concrete in separate portions and the casing pipes are gradually removed.

In an example of the implementation of the claimed invention, the length of the bored piles of the first support is 14.8 m, and the length of the bored piles of the second support is 4 m. The diameter of the bored piles of the first support 3 (Fig. 1), located inside the outer contour of the foundation of the first support 3 (Fig. 1 ), 20% less than the diameter of the bored piles located along the outer contour of the foundation of the first support 3 and the bored piles of the second support 10 (Fig. 2). Using the example of the implementation of the claimed invention, the diameter of the piles is 1 m and 0.8 m, respectively. Moreover, the bored piles of the first 3 and second supports 10 are installed in a straight and inclined position, while the inclined bored piles are installed at an angle of 20° to the vertical axis;

Reinforcement frames for grillages 4 (Fig. 1) and 11 (Fig. 2) are installed. Using the example of the implementation of the claimed invention, the reinforcing cages are made in checkered patterns with a pitch of 100 mm from A500C 025 reinforcing bars with zones of double reinforcement from A500C 032 reinforcing bars with a pitch of 200 mm. The formwork of grillages 4 and 11 is installed. Next, grillages 4 and 11 are concreted, and after the concrete has gained strength, the formwork is dismantled, the grooves are filled and compacted with soil.

2. Construct safety pylons 15 (Fig. 3) in the following order. The pile base of the safety pylon and the anchor platform are made of metal piles, and the piles are loaded with a vibrating driver mounted on a crane. Next, the reinforcement frames and formwork of the temporary grillage of the safety pylon are installed, the temporary grillage is concreted, and after the concrete of the temporary grillage of the safety pylon has gained strength, the formwork is dismantled and the body of the safety pylon is installed. Next, install and tension the anchor cables 17 (Fig. 3).

3. Auxiliary supports 18 (Fig. 3) are constructed in the following order: on a base of reinforced concrete slabs, bridge inventory rack structures are installed, on which support cages and structures of the first 3 and second 10 supports are installed.

4. Next, the construction of the metal arched span of the bridge 19 is carried out (Fig. 3). The first section of the span, 25.0 m long from the end, is mounted using a crane installed on the technological platform in the following sequence:

- installation of support posts;

- installation of girth elements of an arched span;

- installation of tightening elements supported by an auxiliary support;

- installation of arch elements;

- installation of connection elements.

The design of the joints of the elements of the arched span is carried out from scaffolding installed on the technological platform.

Subsequent sections 75.0 m long to the center of the arched span are mounted using a derrick crane with a boom reach of at least 12.0 m.

Perform preparatory work for the installation of the span using a derrick crane:

- a crane is used to install the paths for moving the trolley 20 (Fig. 3);

- crane 22 (Fig. 3) installs trolley 21 (Fig. 3) to move the arch elements along the path of movement;

- install derrick cranes 23 (Fig. 3) at parking lot No. 1.

The procedure for installing an arched span with a derrick crane 23:

- a crane 22 installed on the platform loads and secures the mounting element onto the trolley 21;

- the trolley 21 is moved to the unloading site along the travel paths 20;

- install the elements of the arched span 19 in the following sequence:

• tightening elements

• racks

• arch elements

• communications.

The design of the joints of the elements of the arched span is carried out from suspended scaffolding.

After installing all the elements from the parking lot, the derrick crane 23 is moved to the next parking lot and the next section of the moving paths 20 is installed. The derrick crane 23 is used to install the next section of the arched span 19, in a similar order. After installing a section 25.0 m long, a safety cable is installed, which is fixed at a distance of 40.0 m from the end of the span. Subsequent installations of two safety cables are carried out after the installation of subsequent sections 20.0 m long at a distance from the end of the span of 60.0 and 80.0 m, respectively. Next, the arched span 24 is closed (Fig. 3).

Next, the derrick cranes, trolley 20 moving paths, and all temporary structures on the arched span are dismantled. Using jacks, the auxiliary supports 18 are untwisted, the auxiliary supports 18, the safety pylons 15 and the anchor platforms 16 are dismantled.

Installation of long-span sections of PVA delivery pipelines 29 (Fig. 4) on an arched structure 19 (Fig. 3) is performed as follows. Three sections of the pipeline 29 are installed in parallel. Each section 29 is laid by dragging onto the arched span of the bridge 19, using temporary roller supports 34 (Fig. 4) mounted in the support half-clamps 31 (Fig. 4) of the sliding supports 25 (Fig. 4) , each of the supports 25 includes a bracket with stiffeners 30 (Fig. 4), which is welded and installed on the supporting beams of the lower chord of the metal arched bridge 19 through I-beams laid longitudinally across the arched span.

And the pulling and laying of the pipeline section onto the arched span of bridge 19 is carried out in the following order:

• using a trolley 21, the end of the traction rope is transferred towards the installation site from a winch installed on the ground of the opposite side of the transition, connected by a metal arched span of the bridge, and attached to a bracket on the head of the pipeline section 29; in this case, the traction rope is passed through the safety pylons 15 and at the same time through the center of the supporting half-clamps 31 of the sliding supports 25;

• the pipeline section 29 is lifted by pipe layers and moved along the axis of the span 19 towards the safety pylon 15, passed through the opening of the support of the safety pylon 15, after which the head part of the pipeline section 29 is laid on the first support half clamp 31 of the sliding support 25, on which temporary roller bearings are installed 34, and the rest of the pipeline section 29 is held and accompanied by pipe layers until the end of pulling;

• after the completion of pulling the pipeline section 29, the temporary roller supports 34 are dismantled, and the pipeline section 29 is fixed with the upper half-clamps 32 (Fig. 4) of the sliding supports 25, using fasteners 33 (Fig. 4).

Claims (43)

A method for transferring long-span pipelines for delivering a steam-water mixture over a canyon located in a seismically active zone, including the construction of a bridge with a metal arched span with the passage of long-span sections of pipelines for delivering a steam-water mixture “in the middle,” characterized in that it includes the following steps: construct the first and second supports in the following order: - form the foundations for the first and second supports, for which wells are drilled for bored piles, while the wells are drilled to the ground suitable for use as a foundation for the construction of the first and second supports, so that the length of the bored piles of the first support is not less than 4 times the length of the bored piles of the second support; in this case, the installation of bored piles is carried out in the following sequence: - drilling a well; - installation of casing pipe; - extraction of soil from the casing using a drill; - installation of a reinforcement cage into the well inside the casing pipe; - filling the well with concrete in separate portions; - compacting concrete with these portions; - gradual removal of the casing; wherein the diameter of the bored piles of the first support, located inside the outer contour of the foundation of the first support, is 20% less than the diameter of the bored piles located along the outer contour of the foundation of the first support and bored piles of the second support, and the bored piles of the first and second supports are installed in a straight and inclined position , while inclined bored piles are installed at an angle of 20° to the vertical axis; - install the reinforcement frames of the grillages and the formwork of the grillages of the first and second supports, concrete the grillages of the first and second supports, and after gaining strength with concrete, dismantle the formwork of the grillages of the first and second supports, after which the grooves are filled and compacted with soil; construct safety pylons in the following order: - pile base of the safety pylon and anchor platform made of metal piles; - installation of reinforcement cages and formwork for the temporary grillage of the safety pylon; - concreting the temporary grillages and after the concrete of the temporary grillage of the safety pylon has gained strength, dismantling the formwork and installing the body of the safety pylon is performed; - installation and tensioning of anchor cables; construct auxiliary supports in the following order: - installation of bridge inventory rack structures is carried out on a base made of reinforced concrete slabs; - install support cells and structures of the first and second supports; carry out the construction of a metal arched bridge span, for which the 1st section of the metal arched bridge span from the end is installed using a crane located on the technological site in the following sequence: - installation of support posts; - installation of girth elements of an arched span; - installation of tightening elements supported by an auxiliary support; - installation of elements of the arched span of the bridge; - installation of connection elements; subsequent sections to the center of the arched span are mounted using a derrick crane: - installation of trolley moving paths by crane; - install a trolley to move arch elements along the path of movement; - installation of derrick cranes in the parking lot; install the arched span using a derrick crane: - a crane installed on the site loads and secures the mounting element of the arched span onto the trolley; - the trolley is moved to the unloading site along the paths of the trolley; - installation of elements of the arched span in the following sequence: tightening elements; racks; elements of an arched span; communications; in this case, the design of the joints of the elements of the arched span structure is carried out from suspended scaffolds, and after installing the element of the arched span structure from the parking lot, the derrick crane is moved to the next parking lot to install the next element of the arched structure, then the closure of the arched span structure is performed; - installation of long-span sections of steam-water mixture delivery pipelines is carried out on the metal arched span of the bridge, and three long-span sections of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline are installed in parallel; - for which a long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is laid by dragging onto the metal arched span of the bridge, using temporary roller supports mounted in the support half-clamps of the sliding supports, each of which includes a bracket with stiffeners, which is welded to the support beams of the lower chord metal arched bridge span through I-beams laid longitudinally across the arched span; and the pulling and laying of a long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline to the arched span of the bridge is carried out in the following order: - using a trolley, the end of the traction rope is transferred towards the installation site from a winch installed on the ground of the opposite side of the transition, connected by a metal arched span of the bridge, and attached to a long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline; in this case, the traction rope is passed through the safety pylons and at the same time through the center of the supporting half-collars of the sliding supports; - the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is lifted by pipelayers and moved along the axis of the metal arched span of the bridge towards the safety pylon, passed through the opening of the safety pylon support, after which the head part of the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is laid on the first support half-yoke of the sliding support, on which temporary roller supports are installed, and the rest of the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline is held and accompanied by pipe layers until the end of pulling; - after the completion of pulling the long-span section of the steam-water mixture delivery pipeline, the temporary roller supports are dismantled, and the long-span section of the pipeline is fixed with the upper half-clamps of the sliding supports using fasteners.