RU2814732C1 - Method for chemical treatment of bone anatomical preparations using sodium percarbonate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: anatomy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to anatomy, namely to a method for chemical treatment of bone anatomical preparations after removal of soft tissues. Method for chemical treatment of bone anatomical preparations after removal of soft tissues, wherein the preparations are placed in an open container and completely immersed for 4–6 hours in freshly prepared 9% sodium percarbonate solution at temperature of 95 °C; then preparations are taken out of the container, washed and left to dry at room temperature.

EFFECT: use of the invention allows providing chemical treatment of bone anatomical preparations using sodium percarbonate for the most convenient creation of visual teaching aids.

1 cl, 4 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to anatomy, forensic medicine, pathological anatomy and can be used to study osteology and arthrosyndesmology.

Currently, bone anatomical preparations are prepared using several methods. The first is maceration, in which bones cleared of soft tissue are placed in water at a temperature of about 40°C. The soft tissue remaining on the bones decomposes in water. Then the bones are immersed in a 5-10% heated soda solution for several hours, after which they are degreased in pure gasoline. The process takes 1.5-2 months and is associated with a very unpleasant odor, and is also flammable due to the use of gasoline [1].

The second method is digestion. Bone preparations are placed in a pan of cold water, where baking soda is added, and boiled for 4-5 hours. Then the soft tissue is mechanically removed and washed with warm water and soap and air dried. After this, the bones are also treated with gasoline and hydrogen peroxide for bleaching, and for the best effect, use a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution [1]. The method has a number of disadvantages: 1) flammability when working with gasoline; 2) difficulty in storing and working with perhydrol (causes burns if it comes into contact with the skin, mucous membranes and the respiratory tract). This method is taken as a prototype.

The purpose of the invention is to create a method for chemical processing of bone anatomical preparations using sodium percarbonate for the most convenient creation of visual teaching aids.

This goal is achieved by the fact that for the chemical treatment of bone anatomical preparations obtained by maceration in water or digestion with mechanical cleaning, they are placed in an open container and completely immersed for 4-6 hours in a freshly prepared 9% sodium percarbonate solution at a temperature of 95°C. Then the preparations are removed from the container, washed and left to dry at room temperature. After which they can be used in the educational process.

We have proposed a method for chemical processing of bone anatomical preparations using sodium percarbonate. This technique allows for convenient and thorough cleaning of finished bone preparations in hard-to-reach areas; it also degreases, disinfects and bleaches them, which increases their service life and gives a more aesthetic appearance. The use of sodium percarbonate has a number of advantages, since upon contact with water it releases 13.0-14.2% of active oxygen [2], which makes it possible to effectively degrease and disinfect the drug; this solution creates an alkaline environment, which contributes to the loosening of organic components. During the decomposition reaction, sodium carbonate is also formed, under the influence of which some of the fats are saponified, forming insoluble calcium soaps. Sodium percarbonate is non-toxic, fire- and explosion-proof if the handling rules are followed [2]. To prepare the solution, water at a temperature of 95°C is used, since the reaction of percarbonate with water is exothermic, a 9% solution will be additionally heated by 5-10°C, which is the optimal temperature indicated in the operating instructions. In addition, sodium percarbonate is a relatively cheap component (up to 300 rubles per 1 kg), and if storage rules are strictly followed, spontaneous decomposition of the substance can be avoided for a long time. Keeping the bone preparation in the solution for 4-6 hours allows for complete chemical treatment. Rinse is necessary to prevent the appearance of white plaque on the surface of the bones.

The method is illustrated with graphic materials. In fig. Figure 1 shows a human calcaneus after digestion before being treated with a solution of sodium percarbonate. In fig. Figure 2 shows the calcaneus after applying the technique. In fig. Figure 3 shows a thoracic vertebra that was used for a long time in the educational process. In fig. Figure 4 shows a thoracic vertebra, which was used for a long time in the educational process, processed using this method.

The method is illustrated with examples

Example 1. Using our method, we chemically processed a preparation of a thoracic vertebra that was made 10 years ago. Due to the fact that the drug was made a long time ago and was regularly used in educational activities, its color became much darker due to the accumulated dirt and bone dust. A 9% solution of sodium percarbonate was prepared (100 grams of granules of the substance and 1000 ml of water at a temperature of 95°C were mixed). Immediately after preparation, a vertebra was placed in the solution for a period of 4 hours. After this, the drug was washed with water and left in a well-ventilated area for 2 days. The drug was submitted for testing to the Department of Human Anatomy of Samara State Medical University, where positive feedback was received from 1st year students of the Institute of Clinical Medicine. After applying the method, the vertebra was clean, the color changed from dark brown to beige, which made its appearance more presentable. In addition, the vertebra was disinfected and lost its unpleasant odor. The anatomical detail of the preparation was not impaired.

Example 2. This method was used to process a human calcaneal bone preparation, which was prepared by digestion one day before testing the technique. After cooking, the preparation contained small fragments of soft tissue in hard-to-reach places, and the bone also had a greasy sheen and an unpleasant odor. A 9% solution of sodium percarbonate was prepared (100 grams of granules of the substance and 1000 ml of water at a temperature of 95°C were mixed). The bone preparation was placed in the solution for 6 hours. After this, the drug was washed with water and left in a well-ventilated area for 2 days. The drug was submitted for testing to the Department of Human Anatomy of Samara State Medical University, where positive feedback was received from 1st year students of the Institute of Clinical Medicine. After applying the method, the drug acquired a lighter shade, some of the soft tissue was removed, and the bone did not have a greasy film on its surface. In addition, the vertebra was disinfected and lost its unpleasant odor. The anatomical detail of the preparation was not impaired.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. V.S. Pikalyuk, G.A. Moroz, S.A. Kutya. Methodological manual for the production of anatomical preparations. - Simferopol, 2004. - 76 p.

2. Sodium percarbonate. Requirements for safe handling. JSC "Percarbonate" Issue No. 1 05/26/2010.

Claims (1)

A method of chemical treatment of bone anatomical preparations after removal of soft tissue, characterized in that the preparations are placed in an open container and completely immersed for 4-6 hours in a freshly prepared 9% sodium percarbonate solution at a temperature of 95°C; then the preparations are removed from the container, washed and left to dry at room temperature.