RU2813105C1 - Device for radio monitoring of sea and air objects using tethered unmanned aerial vehicle of multicopter design with power supply via cable - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means and complexes for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located on sea and air carriers. The effect is achieved by the proposed device for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located on sea and air objects, including a sentinel acoustic sensor for listening to the water area, a container with a movable carrier and devices for radio reception of signals from the control point, mounted on a stationary underwater platform of the bottom or anchor type, designed with the capability of launching a mobile carrier from a container when the threshold value of noise from targets is exceeded by a signal from the control point, characterized in that a tethered multicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with radio monitoring equipment for radio emission sources located on it is used as a mobile carrier.

EFFECT: creation of a radio monitoring device capable of functioning for a long time at a greater range.

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Description

The invention relates to means and complexes for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located on sea and air carriers.

A device for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located on sea and air objects, including listening to the water area with a sentry acoustic sensor mounted on a stationary underwater platform of the bottom or anchor type, when the threshold value of noise from the targets is exceeded, the launch of a mobile carrier platform from the container of the platform, the launch of the mobile carrier is carried out by a signal from the control point, for which the platform is equipped with devices for radio reception of signals from the control point, and a tethered multicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with radio monitoring equipment located on it for radio emission sources, a ballast tank, a cable unwinding/rewinding system, and a cable unwinding system is used as a moving carrier minrep, protective cylinder, strain gauge, power cable and connection with the UAV and inflatable floats.

The technical result is the creation of a radio monitoring device located at specified points of the World Ocean, capable of functioning for a long time and at a greater radio monitoring range by increasing the line of sight range by placing radio monitoring equipment on a multicopter UAV with power supply via a cable cable.

BACKGROUND OF THE ART

A radio beacon is known (1. RF Patent No. 2706882 MPK G01S 1/08, A01K 75/04, SPK G01S 1/08, publ. November 21, 2019 Bulletin. No. 33) for fishing nets, including a cylindrical body, inside of which are located: a printed circuit board on which a device for transmitting a radio signal, a GPS module and a control microcontroller are located; a charger for charging the power source with a power on/off device, and the radio beacon is provided with a “sleep mode”, in which the device for transmitting the radio signal and the GPS module are disconnected from the power source, and the control microcontroller goes into a mode of reduced current consumption; the printed circuit board additionally contains an accelerometer for transmitting data from the beacon to the base station; the body is made of material that ensures sealing at great depths for a long time; The power on/off device does not have controls on the outside of the case.

The disadvantage of this device, due to the tasks it faces, is its focus on the detection range of its own location, rather than monitoring signals from third-party radio emission sources (ERS).

A hydroacoustic buoy-beacon and a method for navigation equipment in a sea area are known. (2. RF Patent No. 2709058 IPC B63G 5/00 Published 12/13/2019 Bulletin No. 35, 3. RF Patent No. 2710831 IPC B63G 5/00 Published 01/14/2020 Bulletin No. 2) including a current source, control equipment, a pop-up float with an antenna and receiver of a GLONASS-type satellite navigation system and equipment for receiving and emitting hydroacoustic signals, while the mobile sonar buoy-beacon is located in a separate module of an autonomous uninhabited underwater vehicle having an on-board control system, communication devices and navigation, power plant with energy source and engine, propulsion, steering gear drives and external tail with rudders. The beacon buoy is either equipped with a radio transmitter and antenna for sending signals about its location when surfacing, or the module is additionally equipped with a device for separating the pop-up float with the antenna from the underwater vehicle and returning it back with a drive and a reel with a cable connecting the receiver of the satellite navigation system located in a float with an antenna, with buoy control equipment, as well as a device for recognizing friendly forces request signals to allow the transmission of information requested by them, an encoder that converts information to prevent its recovery in case of interception by foreign objects and a decoder that reversely converts information, a computing device and sensors hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure, used to calculate the drift speed of a mobile hydroacoustic buoy-beacon when it is laid on the ground, the direction and magnitude of the horizontal drift of the float relative to the setting point

The disadvantage of this method and device is that a beacon buoy during ascent or a pop-up float with an antenna for an underwater vehicle does not provide a long radio monitoring range.

A floating sea mast is known (3. RF utility model patent No. 139792 MPK B63B 35/44, publ. April 20, 2014, Bulletin No. 11), containing a semi-submersible platform of a streamlined shape, consisting of an eccentric with a neck, on which a platform with a mast is installed communications and the transceiver and technological equipment placed on it, the structural waterline of an arbitrary configuration, the center of gravity and metacenter located on the vertical axis below the structural waterline, and the body of the neck is located above and below the structural waterline, while the weight of the part of the floating sea mast located below the structural waterline , at least twice the weight of the part located above the design waterline, taking into account wind and wave loads on the surface part according to the relationship: P ₁ > 2(P ₂ + P ₃ + P ₄ ), where: P ₁ - weight parts of a floating marine mast located below the structural waterline; P ₂ - the weight of the part of the floating marine mast located above the design waterline; P ₃ - wind load; P ₄ - wave load.

The disadvantage of this device is its constantly above-water position, which is an unmasking feature, as well as the limited radio monitoring area due to the relatively low elevation of the receiving and transmitting equipment.

The descent reconnaissance module "Firefly" is known (4. RF Patent No. 2543084 IPC G01S 7/38 publ. 02.27.2015 bulletin No. 6) representing a reconnaissance module consisting of a power supply system, a system for determining the radio engineering characteristics of radio wave radiation sources, pressure sensors, humidity and temperature, an altimeter, a device that stabilizes the flight and performs fall braking, and a parachute system having aerodynamic quality, a parachute control system, an optical observation system consisting of an optical device, a gyro-stabilized platform, a subsystem for controlling the optical device by bearing and elevation with data transmission optical observation into the control system, which simultaneously receives information from a system for determining radio technical characteristics of radio wave emission sources, a navigation system signaling its current position in space and the current values of temperature, pressure, humidity and altitude, allowing, when determining hydrometeorological conditions at different altitudes, to take into account refraction radio waves for a more accurate determination of the movement parameters of observation objects - sources of radio wave radiation, with the transmission of data to the consumer in real time using a transceiver device, which in parallel allows the consumer to control the optical surveillance system in real time and issue commands to remove the protection stage from self-destruction system, consisting of ammunition with a detonator, a safety-actuating mechanism, water sensors and overload sensors, which makes it possible to prevent the device from reaching other users; to ensure repeated use of the device, a rescue system has been introduced into its composition, consisting of containers that provide positive buoyancy and reduction impact forces on the surface within acceptable limits to maintain the operability of the device, tanks with working gas, pyrovalves; to facilitate the search, an optical signaling system for the location of the claimed device has been introduced, consisting of bright light sources and a power source, to predict the landing location in the event of a failure of the control system and navigation The system introduced wind speed and wind direction sensors.

The disadvantage of this device is that the determination of radio technical characteristics of radio wave emission sources occurs during a time limited by the descent of the device, and therefore, radio monitoring for a long time is problematic.

There is a known method for detecting sea targets (5. RF Patent No. 2554640, IPC F41G 7/28, published June 27, 2015 Bulletin No. 18), which includes listening to the water area with a sentinel acoustic sensor mounted on a stationary underwater platform of the bottom or anchor type, when the threshold is exceeded values of noise from targets, launching a mobile carrier platform from a container with an active target locating sensor, exiting the mobile carrier into the estimated target location area and turning on the active sensor, and before immersing the platform in water, enter the coordinates of the immersion point onto the mobile carrier, as a mobile carrier of the active sensor an aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a folding wing and a rocket launch-acceleration stage (SRS) is used; the mobile carrier is launched according to a signal from the control point, for which the platform is additionally equipped with devices for radio reception and underwater reception of signals from the control point, when signals from the control point are received control, the container with the folded UAV is separated from the underwater platform and lifted to the surface of the water; when the container emerges from under the water, the container is opened, the UAV is launched into the air and its high-speed rise to the altitude of the cruise flight using the launch-acceleration stage, then the SRS is separated from the UAV, opening the UAV wing to the cruise position, starting the UAV propulsion system, turning on the UAV's active radiation sensor, determining the UAV's own coordinates and velocity components, searching according to the program, detecting and identifying surface targets with the transmission of messages about the coordinates of detected targets to an unlimited number of consumers via radio channel of the UAV, in addition, the change in the UAV flight program is carried out by a radio signal from the control point, active location from on board the UAV is carried out using a side-scan radar or a side-scan radar with antenna aperture synthesis, identification of radio-emitting targets from on board the UAV is carried out using a direction finder, identification of optical and thermal-contrast targets from on board the UAV is carried out using an optical-electronic system, the cruising flight of the UAV can be carried out using a propeller-driven installation with an electric motor or an internal combustion engine and folding propeller blades, the sonar visibility of the container with the UAV is reduced by placing a noise-absorbing coating on the outer surface of the container, in case of unauthorized impacts on The platform is flooded with a container containing a UAV using an emergency flooding system, which is activated by a signal from hydrostatic pressure or displacement sensors.

The disadvantage of this device is that the radio monitoring procedure is essentially limited to the time of the active phase of the UAV flight, which limits the monitoring time. This system was chosen as a prototype.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the proposed invention is to increase the duration of the procedure for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located at sea and air objects, with the possibility of repeated use of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle with power supply via a cable cable.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located on sea and air objects, including a sentinel acoustic sensor for listening to the water area, mounted on a stationary underwater platform of the bottom or anchor type, when the threshold value of noise from targets is exceeded, launching from the platform container mobile carrier, the launch of the mobile carrier is carried out by a signal from the control point, for which the platform is equipped with devices for radio reception of signals from the control point, characterized in that a tethered multicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with radio monitoring equipment for radio emission sources located on it is used as a mobile carrier. tanks, cable unwinding/rewinding system, minrep cable unwinding system, protective cylinder, strain gauge, cable cable for power supply and communication with UAVs and inflatable floats.

The diagram of the device implementing the proposed technical solution is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 explains the operation of the device when underwater.

Fig. 2 explains the operation of the device during monitoring.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 the following notations are used:

1 - radio channel antenna;

2 – buoy with radio communication equipment;

3 – sealed container body with a hinged lid;

4- container with UAV;

5 - protective cylinder with extension system;

6 - cable unwinding/rewinding system;

7 - platform control system;

8 - hydrophone block;

9 - power supply equipment;

10 - cable with cable communication line;

11 – ballast tank;

12 – minrep cable unwinding system;

13 - minrep;

14 – anchor

15 – strain gauge;

16 – cable cable for power supply and communication with the UAV;

17 – UAV;

18- radio monitoring equipment;

19 – inflatable floats.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The operation of the proposed radio monitoring device for radio emission sources located at sea and air objects is carried out as follows.

The underwater platform (Fig. 1) is covertly installed in a given area of water from surface/underwater ships (vessels) and/or aircraft carriers.

After installation on the ground and holding it with anchor 14, the platform operates in standby mode.

Based on the signal from the control point received by the antenna of radio channel 1, located on buoy 2, in turn attached to the cable 10 (signal from the hydrophone unit 8), the platform control system 7 generates commands to purge the ballast tank 11 and to the minrep cable unwinding system 12, after which the sealed container 3 floats up (see Fig. 2) and is kept afloat by the minerep 13, the lid of the sealed container 3 is opened, the protective cylinder 5 is extended, protecting the equipment of the sealed container 3 from moisture, the UAV 17 is launched, it is powered and held at a given height is carried out through a cable-power cable and communication with the UAV 16, and the tension of the cable-cable 16 is controlled by signals from the strain gauge 15 through the cable unwinding/rewinding system 6, when the UAV reaches a given height, the radio monitoring equipment 18 is turned on, the results of which are searched, detected, measured angular coordinates of the RES through the cable-cable for power supply and communication with the UAV 16, enters the platform control system 7 and through the cable communication line 10 to the buoy with radio communication equipment 2, after which the radio monitoring results are transmitted to the control point.

To ensure the possibility of returning the UAV to the container and fixing it in a given place of the container in conditions of wind and sea waves, an electromagnet is located in the container, and metal plates are located on the corresponding elements of the UAV in contact with given places in the container. To fix the UAV before launch, the electromagnet is turned on. When the UAV engines start, the electromagnet is turned off.

When data is received from the command control point to stop monitoring, the cable unwinding/rewinding system 6 winds up the cable cable for power supply and communication with the UAV 16, pulls the UAV 17 into the container with the UAV 4, and at the same time the electromagnet turns on, which forces the UAV to be installed in the desired place in the container independently from sea waves. The extension system of the protective cylinder 5 retracts the cylinder into a sealed container 3. The platform control system 7 generates a command to fill the ballast tank 11 and reel in the minerep, after which the system goes into standby mode.

Additionally, the sealed container body with a hinged lid 3 can be equipped with inflatable floats 19 to give it greater buoyancy during waves or increase the ascent speed. When switching from operating mode to combat mode, inflatable floats 19 can be thrown away or deflated.

The effect of applying the proposed technical solution includes the following capabilities:

- creation of a secretive radio monitoring system to be deployed in advance in key areas of the World Ocean;

- carrying out radio monitoring from a multicopter UAV of a tethered type with power supply via a cable-cable allows both to increase the range of radio monitoring and its time;

- implementation of the principle of sudden opening of radio emission sources located on ground and air carriers, their location, structure, routes of movement (maneuvers) in any area of the World Ocean;

- unlimited covert expansion of a group of radio monitoring equipment.

Claims (1)

A device for radio monitoring of radio emission sources located on sea and air objects, including a sentinel acoustic sensor for listening to the water area, a container with a mobile carrier and devices for radio reception of control station signals, mounted on a stationary underwater platform of the bottom or anchor type, designed with the ability to launch a mobile carrier from the container when the threshold value of noise from targets is exceeded by a signal from the control point, characterized in that a tethered multicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with radio monitoring equipment for radio emission sources located on it is used as a moving carrier, and a stationary underwater platform of the bottom or anchor type additionally includes includes a ballast tank, a system for unwinding/rewinding the cable-cable for power supply and communication with the UAV, a system for unwinding the cable for the minerep, a protective cylinder of the container, a cable-cable for power supply and communication with the UAV with a strain gauge and inflatable floats.