RU2812190C1 - Bulk materials mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mixing equipment.

SUBSTANCE: devices for mixing bulk materials used for preparing dry bulk mixtures. The mixer contains a housing placed in a horizontal pipe, made in the form of communicating torus-shaped elastic chambers with blades, pipes for loading components and unloading the mixture. The elastic chambers are connected to form three stages of helical trunks installed coaxially. The first stage of the screw trunk is connected to the component loading pipe. The second and third stages are connected with additional pipes for supplying the mixed components installed between them. The third stage is also connected to the mixture unloading pipe in the form of a receiving hopper. During the process of transferring the mixture from one stage to another, the mixed components from additional nozzles are dosed in a 1:1 ratio to the volume of the mixture obtained at the previous stage.

EFFECT: improving the efficiency of the mixing process when processing components with low concentrations and multicomponent mixtures.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing bulk materials. The mixer is designed for preparing dry bulk mixtures, including multicomponent ones and those with a low concentration of a specific (key) component. The mixer can find application in various branches of the chemical industry, agriculture, construction and coal production, powder paint production and a number of others.

A device for applying coatings to dosage forms is known, containing a horizontal elastic body made in the form of interconnected stages of torus-shaped elastic chambers installed coaxially inside a cylindrical tube, a rotational drive, pipes for loading components and unloading material (RF patent No. 979223, IPC V65V 55/00, published 08/27/2002, BI No. 24 dated). This device can be used for mixing bulk materials. Bulk materials are fed through the loading pipe into the internal elastic container, from where they enter the external container, and then are transported to the unloading pipes. In this case, the components are simultaneously poured, their circulation and active mixing occur.

However, in this device, mixing is effective only for mixtures of components that are similar in physical and mechanical properties (particle size, their density, shape, etc.). Since there is no mixing of the mixture during processing, segregation of components that differ in particle size, shape and density occurs. The efficiency of the device is also not great when processing multicomponent mixtures and mixtures with small additives, since the homogeneity of the resulting mixture decreases as the concentration of one of the components decreases.

A unit for mixing bulk materials is also known (RF patent No. 2349376, IPC B01F 9/02, publ. 03/20/2009, BI No. 8), which contains devices for loading and unloading the mixture, rotational drives, a drum with spiral guides, a shaft with disks, on the side surface of which radial elastic elements are installed, placed coaxially inside the drum.

Bulk materials are fed into the drum from the loading device and move along spiral guides. In this case, the components circulate and mix in the rolling mode. In the circulation area, the components are affected by rotating elastic elements, which transfer part of the material into suspension. The prepared mixture is unloaded through the unloading device. The quality of the mixture is ensured due to the combined effect on the mixture: the circulation of materials inside the drum and their interaction with elastic elements in a rarefied state.

This unit is also effective only when processing components that are similar in their physical and mechanical properties. If the physical and mechanical properties of the mixed materials are different, then smaller and (or) less dense particles are pulled out of the mixture by the elastic elements of the disk, which leads to its segregation. It should also be noted that the residence time of the particles in the unit is short, since it is limited by the length of the drum, which does not allow obtaining a high-quality mixture. In addition, elastic elements are short-lived due to high alternating loads that arise in the places where the elastic elements are attached to the disks. And finally, the two-drive design of the unit is complex and energy-intensive.

The closest in design features to the proposed invention is a mixer of bulk materials, containing a housing placed in a horizontal pipe with a rotation drive and made in the form of communicating “torus-shaped elastic chambers with blades made from elements of the chamber sides, as well as nozzles for loading components and unloading the mixture (No. 2626203, IPC B01F 9/02, published 07/24/2017, BI No. 21).

After turning on the drive, the cylindrical pipe together with the elastic chambers begins to rotate. The mixed components from the loading pipe enter the first torus-shaped chamber. The components inside the chamber begin to spill over (move in rolling mode). Mixing of the components occurs in the flow of material collapse, as well as when the mixture is shuffled by multidirectional blades. The components then enter the next chamber, where the mixing process continues. The finished mixture is unloaded from the last chamber through the unloading pipe.

The disadvantages of the mixer include the following. To obtain homogeneous mixtures, it is necessary to increase the residence time of the material particles in the working volume of the mixer. Without increasing the length of the mixer body, this requires a reduction in productivity. On the other hand, an increase in the length of the body leads to an increase in its overall dimensions and material consumption. Secondly, when processing mixtures with a low concentration of one (key) component, the quality of the resulting mixture decreases as the mixing conditions deteriorate. They are best when the component ratio is 1:1.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of mixing bulk materials with low concentrations of components and multicomponent mixtures by increasing the residence time of the components in the mixer and reducing its overall dimensions.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a mixer of bulk materials is proposed, containing a housing placed in a horizontal pipe with a rotation drive and made in the form of communicating torus-shaped elastic chambers with blades made from elements of the chamber sides, as well as nozzles for loading components and unloading the mixture.

Distinctive design features of the proposed bulk materials mixer are that the elastic chambers are connected to form three stages of screw chutes installed coaxially, with the first stage of the screw chute communicating with the component loading pipe, and the second and third stages communicating with additional mixing pipes installed between them components, and the third stage is also connected to the mixture unloading pipe in the form of a receiving hopper; in addition, during the process of transferring the mixture from one stage to another, the mixed components from additional pipes are dosed in a 1:1 ratio to the volume of the mixture obtained at the previous stage.

Figure 1 shows a general view of the bulk materials mixer.

The bulk materials mixer contains a body made in the form of communicating torus-shaped elastic chambers, which are connected to form three stages 1, 2, 3 of screw chutes installed coaxially in a cylindrical pipe 4. Blades 5 made from elements of their sides are installed inside the chambers. Stage 1 of the housing communicates with loading nozzle 6, and stages 2 and 3 are connected to nozzles 7 and 8 (respectively) for additional loading of material. Stage 3 of the mixer body is also connected to the mixture unloading pipe and the receiving hopper 9. The cylindrical pipe 4 with covers 10 and 11 is installed on rollers 12 connected to a rotary motion drive (not shown).

The bulk materials mixer works as follows.

The mixed components from the loading pipe 6 through the hole in the cover 10 enter the internal torus-shaped elastic chamber - stage 1. When the drive is turned on, the cylindrical pipe 4 with stages 1, 2, 3 begins to rotate. The components located inside it move in a rolling mode, that is, they rise up and, having reached a certain level, collapse. Mixing of components occurs mainly in the flow of material collapse. The blades 5, passing through the mixture, have an additional mixing (convective) effect on it. The components of the mixture are mixed and, at the same time, moved along the axis of the housing, inside stage 1, which forms a screw chute and is poured onto stage 2. At the same time, an additional loading of one (or several) components is carried out onto the surface of the mixture from pipe 7. During overloading, preliminary mixing of the mixture obtained in the section of stage 1 and the component (transporting) coming from pipe 7 occurs. The transporting component coming from pipe 7 is dosed in a 1: 1 ratio with the mixture obtained in section of stage 1. This achieves the best conditions mixing in the section of stage 2, the mechanism of which is similar to the mixing mechanism in the section of stage 1. In section 2, the components move along the axis of the housing to the left and are poured into the screw chute of section 3. At the same time, the transporting component is again added from pipe 8 in a 1:1 ratio with the mixture, obtained at stage 2. Then the mixing process is repeated at stage 3. From the screw chute at stage 3, the finished mixture is unloaded into receiving hopper 9.

The use of a new combination of structural elements in the bulk materials mixer ensures increased efficiency of the mixing process when processing components with low concentrations and multicomponent mixtures.

The sequential connection of the elastic chambers of the body of the mixer of bulk materials with the formation of three stages of elastic screw chutes with mixing blades allows you to increase the mixing speed due to the combined effect on the components of the mixture. Mixing occurs in the rolling mode (pour in components) with a pronounced axial effect due to the inclination of the chamber's screw chutes. In this case, the blades act on the mixture, shuffling its layers (convective mixing). On the other hand, the stepped coaxial arrangement of the working chambers of the housing, combined with the installation of additional pipes for supplying components between the stages, makes it possible to improve mixing conditions when obtaining mixtures with small additives (with a low concentration of one of the components). In this case, between stages a component (transporting) is added to the mixture in a 1:1 ratio to the volume of the mixture obtained at the previous stage. And finally, the coaxial arrangement of the stages of the body of the bulk materials mixer in combination with other structural elements makes it possible to reduce its overall dimensions and ensure savings in production space.

Claims (1)

A mixer of bulk materials containing a housing with a rotation drive placed in a horizontal pipe and made in the form of communicating torus-shaped elastic chambers with blades made from elements of the chamber sides, as well as pipes for loading components and unloading the mixture, characterized in that the elastic chambers are connected to form three stages screw chutes installed coaxially, with the first stage of the screw chute communicating with the component loading pipe, and the second and third stages communicating with additional supply pipes for mixed components installed between them, and the third stage also communicating with the mixture unloading pipe in the form of a receiving hopper, in addition , during the process of transferring the mixture from one stage to another, the mixed components from additional pipes are dosed in a 1:1 ratio to the volume of the mixture obtained at the previous stage.