RU2812155C1 - Battery of electrochemical capacitors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a battery of electrochemical capacitors, which can be used as a source (storage) of energy in mobile power plants. Electrochemical prismatic capacitors located in several rows in the housing and equipped with power current leads in the form of busbars are installed in the housing, on which there are stiffening ribs and support pads, whereas the front wall of the housing is made in the form of removable parts, inside the housing there are five cavities one above the other, on the inner surface of which an organosilicate insulating composition is applied, in the upper cavity of the housing there are fourteen electrochemical capacitors connected in series with nickel-copper buses, fixed on the rear wall with a bracket, and in the remaining four cavities there are one hundred electrochemical capacitors, which are connected in a serial electrical circuit by flexible cables with a cross-section of 35 mm and fixed on the stiffeners of the rear wall with plastic ties, the power current leads are routed through sealed leads on the rear wall of the case, whereas all current leads and nickel-copper busbars connecting the capacitors are coated with an insulating organosilicate composition.

EFFECT: increasing the reliability of the operation of a battery of electrochemical storage devices under high voltage conditions of about 600 V.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and concerns the design features of batteries made from electrochemical capacitors. The batteries are intended for use as a source (storage) of energy in mobile power plants, to enable electric vehicle movement and to meet the requirements for the quality of generated energy within the facility.

An electrochemical capacitor is known, the description of which is set out in patent RU 205784, published on August 11, 2021, IPC H01G 9/004.

The capacitor includes the following elements: housing, polarizable porous carbon electrode, non-polarizable nickel oxide electrode, porous separator, electrode block, current collector of the polarizable porous carbon electrode, housing cover, positive and negative poles, filling hole, screw cap with emergency valve, current collector current collectors of a polarizable carbon electrode, current collectors of non-polarizable nickel oxide electrodes, envelope planes and thermal lining seam.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient elaboration of the design of the battery as the most common method of using electrochemical capacitors.

The closest technical solution is a battery of electrochemical capacitors, described by patent RU 210618 (adopted as a prototype), published on April 22, 2022, IPC H01G 9/004.

A battery of electrochemical capacitors includes a battery body with electrically connected electrochemical capacitors, fastened by a shell and a spring, made prismatic, made of polymer material, arranged in one or several rows, characterized in that the battery body contains side ribs made of channels, along the side surfaces there are side ribs connected by metal strips, along the end surfaces the side ribs are connected by channels with bolted connections in their lower and upper parts, the body is equipped with upper and lower shelves, an upper cover and a partition, on the channel of the upper part of the side surface a block of two terminals is fixed in the form of plates made of dielectric material with metal plates and contact bolts on which the terminals of the switching cables of electrochemical capacitors are fixed, the electrochemical capacitors are located on the upper and lower shelves of the housing made of dielectric material and are connected into six parallel circuits, each of which consists of forty series-connected electrochemical capacitors.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the limited power allowed by such a design.

The challenge in creating batteries of electrochemical capacitors is to ensure reliable operation under high voltage conditions.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of battery operation at a voltage of about 600 V.

The technical result is achieved by a battery of electrochemical capacitors, including a battery housing with electrically connected electrochemical capacitors, equipped with current leads, fastened by a shell and a spring, made of prismatic, made of polymer material, located in one or several rows, having power current leads in the form of buses, and the battery housing is a cabinet in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with stiffening ribs located along its edges and equipped with support pads, side, rear, top, bottom and front walls, with the front wall made in the form of removable parts secured with screws securing the removable parts of the front wall to the support pads and screws fastening the removable parts of the front wall to the stiffeners, inside the cabinet there are five cavities located one above the other, on the outer surfaces of the rear and side walls of which fiberglass linings are fixed, an organosilicate composition is applied to the inner surface of the cavities, and the front parts of the cavities are equipped with removable walls, which are removable parts of the front wall of the case, in the upper cavity there are fourteen electrochemical capacitors connected in series with nickel-copper buses, fixed on the rear wall with a bracket, and in the remaining four cavities there are one hundred electrochemical capacitors each, the capacitors of the cavities are connected into a serial electrical circuit by flexible cables with a cross-section of 35 mm, fixed on the stiffening ribs of the rear wall with plastic ties, the power current leads are routed through sealed leads on the rear wall of the housing; an organosilicate composition is applied to all current leads and nickel-copper buses connecting the capacitors of each cavity.

The design of the housing provides the necessary mechanical strength of the battery in relation to both the weight of the electrochemical capacitors themselves and possible oscillatory loads, for which the rigidly fixed walls and stiffeners are designed. The presence of walls prevents moisture and dust from entering the surface of the down conductors, which, given the overall high voltage of the battery, can lead to a short circuit with large leakage currents. Fastening the front wall to stiffeners and support pads serves to securely fasten the removable parts of the front wall and at the same time ensures their quick dismantling for battery assembly and maintenance. The location of electrochemical capacitors in cavities reduces the area on which switching elements are located, which reduces the risk of short circuits during installation and operation. The arrangement of cavities inside the cabinet minimizes the length of the patch cable, which reduces the likelihood of it breaking during operation. Fiberglass linings fixed to the walls of the cavities prevent short circuits and current leakage to the cabinet body. Insulation of current leads and connecting nickel-copper busbars of capacitors with an organosilicate composition prevents the possibility of short circuits due to accidental contact with conductive objects, as well as atmospheric corrosion of current leads and switching elements. The location of the power down conductors through the rear wall of the cabinet, as well as the fastening of the power cable to this wall, prevents the power cable from getting into the switching elements of the battery.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

In fig. 1 shows an assembly drawing of a battery of electrochemical capacitors (front view)

In fig. Figure 2 shows an assembly drawing of a battery of electrochemical capacitors (rear view)

1 - battery case;

2 - cavity with electrochemical capacitors 3;

3 - electrochemical capacitors;

4 - front wall;

5 - flexible cables;

6 - transport eyes;

7 - screws for fastening the front wall to the support pads of the stiffeners;

8 - screws securing the front wall to the body;

9 - fiberglass overlay;

10 - current leads of electrochemical capacitors 3.

11 - sealed terminal;

12 - stiffeners.

13 - side walls

14 - rear wall

15 - upper wall

16 - bottom wall

17 - removable part of the front wall

18 - power down conductors

19 - shell

20 - spring

21 - nickel-copper tires

22 - bracket for fastening to electrochemical capacitors of the upper cavity

23 - Support pads for stiffeners

A battery of electrochemical capacitors includes: a battery housing 1, which is a cabinet in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with stiffening ribs 12 located along the edges of the rectangular parallelepiped and equipped with support pads 23, side walls 13, a rear wall 14, an upper wall 15 and a lower wall 16 and a removable the front wall 4, made in the form of removable parts 17, secured with screws fastening the removable parts of the front wall to the supporting pads 7 of the stiffeners 12 and screws fastening the removable parts of the front wall to the stiffeners 8, inside the cabinet there are five cavities 2 located one above the other with electrochemical capacitors 3, on the rear 14 and side 13 walls of which there are fixed linings made of fiberglass 9, the front parts of which are closed by removable parts of the front wall of the housing 17, in the upper cavity there are fourteen electrochemical capacitors 3 connected in series with nickel-copper buses 21, fixed on the rear wall with a bracket 22, and the remaining four cavities 2 contain one hundred electrochemical capacitors 3, tightened by a shell 19 and a spring 20, the capacitors of the cavities 2 are connected in a serial electrical circuit by flexible cables 5 with a cross-section of 35 mm, fixed on the stiffeners 12 of the rear wall with 14 plastic ties, to all current leads 10 electrochemical capacitors 3 of each cavity 2 are coated with an organosilicate composition, for example, OS-96-21 TU 88-633-12205-16-01-78. Power current leads 18 are output through sealed leads 11 on the rear wall of the housing 14; the housing is equipped with transport eyes 6.

A battery of electrochemical capacitors is assembled as follows: a thin layer of an organosilicate composition, for example OS-96-21 TU 88-633-12205-16-01-78, is applied to the inner surface of the cavities 2 of housing 1 in two layers with an interval of thirty minutes. Fourteen electrochemical capacitors 3, located in the upper cavity 2, are secured to the rear wall 14 with a bracket 22, which prevents their relative displacement and subsequent loosening of the nickel-copper busbars 21. In the remaining four lower cavities 2, one hundred electrochemical capacitors 3 are installed, position which are fixed by a shell 19 with a spring 20, which prevents their relative displacement during operation and additionally by an organosilicate composition, which, in conjunction with fiberglass plates 9, prevents leakage currents to the housing. Electrochemical capacitors 3 of all cavities 2 are connected in series using nickel-copper buses 21, onto which an organosilicate composition is applied, for example OS-96-21 TU 88-633-12205-16-01-78. Electrochemical capacitors 3 cavities 2 are connected into a serial electrochemical circuit by flexible cables 5 with a cross-section of 35 mm. The cables 5 are fixed with plastic ties to the stiffeners 12 on the rear wall of the housing 14, which prevents their breakage and contact with the plane of current leads 10 of electrochemical capacitors 3. Power current leads 18 are output through sealed leads 11 on the rear wall of the housing 14. Ingress of foreign conductive objects, dust and moisture The plane of the current leads 10 of electrochemical capacitors 3 is prevented by a removable front wall 4, side walls 13, rear wall 14, top wall 15, bottom wall 16. Reliable installation of the battery in the seat is ensured by transport lugs 6.

Claims (1)

A battery of electrochemical capacitors, including a battery housing with electrically connected electrochemical capacitors, equipped with current leads, fastened by a shell and a spring, made prismatic, made of polymer material, located in one or several rows, having power current leads in the form of buses, characterized in that the battery housing is a cabinet in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with stiffening ribs located along its edges and equipped with support pads, side, rear, top, bottom and front walls, wherein the front wall is made in the form of removable parts, secured with screws securing the removable parts of the front wall to the support pads and screws fastening the removable parts of the front wall to the stiffeners, inside the cabinet there are five cavities located one above the other, on the outer surfaces of the rear and side walls of which fiberglass linings are fixed, an organosilicate composition is applied to the inner surface of the cavities, and the front parts of the cavities are equipped with removable walls, which are removable parts of the front wall of the case, in the upper cavity there are fourteen electrochemical capacitors connected in series with nickel-copper buses, fixed on the rear wall with a bracket, and in the remaining four cavities there are one hundred electrochemical capacitors each, the capacitors of the cavities are connected into a serial electrical circuit by flexible cables with a cross-section of 35 mm, secured to the stiffening ribs of the rear wall with plastic ties, the power current leads are routed through sealed leads on the rear wall of the housing; an organosilicate composition is applied to all current leads and nickel-copper busbars connecting the capacitors of each cavity.