RU2811125C1 - Composite binder based on technogenic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: composite binders.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a composite binder based on technogenic waste, which can be used in the cement and construction industries. A composite binder based on technogenic waste includes Portland cement clinker and technogenic waste, while a mixture of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste is introduced as technogenic waste at a ratio of 2:1 and the dispersion of each component is 6400 cm²/g at the following ratio, wt.%: Portland cement clinker 84-86; technogenic waste 14-16.

EFFECT: improved physical and mechanical properties of the binder.

1 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to binding materials that can be used in the cement and construction industries.

Known binding materials include various man-made industrial wastes, the disadvantage of which is the relatively low quality of the final product ["Binder", RF patent No. 1031934 C04B7/35, publ. 07/30/1983].

The closest in technical essence adopted for the prototype is the binding material - cement ["Cement", RF patent No. 2119897 C04B 7/04 (2006.01), C04B 28/04, publ. 10.10.1998], including Portland cement clinker and a sulfate component consisting of gypsum stone and anhydrite at the ratio, wt.%: gypsum stone 30 - 70, anhydrite 30 - 70, and the sulfate component contains as anhydrite a waste from the production of aluminum fluoride - acid fluoride, and the total content of the sulfate component in cement is 1 - 4 wt.% in terms of SO ₃ .

The disadvantage of this binder material is its low quality.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to improve the quality of the binder based on technogenic waste.

This is achieved by the fact that the composite binder based on technogenic waste includes Portland cement clinker and technogenic waste, and is characterized by the fact that a mixture of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste is introduced as technogenic waste at a ratio of 2:1 and the dispersion of each component is 6400 cm ² / g, at the following mass ratio, %: Portland cement clinker – 84-86 wt. %; technogenic waste 14-16 wt. %.

The proposed composite binder material differs from the prototype in that instead of the sulfate component, a mixture of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste with a dispersity of each 6400 cm ² /g is introduced in a 2:1 ratio.

During the joint grinding process, mechanical activation of vanadium production waste particles and ash and slag waste particles with Portland cement clinker particles occurs, which leads to the occurrence of solid-phase reactions due to an increase in the surface and internal energy of all particles and a shift of the limiting stage from the diffusion region to the kinetic one. Mechanically activated particles of ash and slag waste contain a significant amount of glass phase, which plays a positive role in the nucleation of crystallization centers during the mixing of Portland cement and provides high strength properties of the final product. The combined use of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste in an amount of 14-16 wt.% leads to a significant increase in strength.

The optimal ratios of the components of binder materials, obtained experimentally, are presented in Table 1.

Table 1

Portland cement clinker, % Content of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste, % The ratio of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste, weight parts Compressive strength, MPa 88.0
86.0
84.0
82.0 12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0 1:1 39.8
42.4
45.1
43.2 88.0
86.0*
84.0*
82.0 12.0
14.0*
16.0*
18.0 2:1* 50.8
55.9*
57.3*
52.4 88.0
86.0
84.0
82.0 12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0 1:2 38.8
40.2
42.0
39.2

* - optimal option

The starting material was, for example, Portland cement clinker produced by Srebryakovcement OJSC, grade CEM II/A 42.5N (GOST 31108-2016) with a specific surface area of 3200 cm ² /g of the following chemical composition (Table 2).

table 2

Chemical composition of Portland cement

CaO _{SiO2 Al2O3 _ Fe2O3 _} MgO SO _{3 R2O} p.p.p. 62.44 21.29 5.72 3.37 2.09 2.83 1.21 1.05

The chemical composition of vanadium production waste is presented in Table 3 [Possibility of using vanadium production waste in wall ceramic technology / Bessmertny V.S. and others // Glass and ceramics. 2022. T. 95, no. 7. pp. 43–50.].

Table 3

Chemical composition of vanadium production waste

Mass content, % _{SiO2 Al2O3 _} CaO MgO _{V2O5 Mn2O3 _} SO ₃ p.p.p. 3.22 0.41 36.93 5.03 2.81 17.39 33.02 1.19

Chemical composition of ash and slag waste ZShO-1 (mass content, %): Na ₂ O – 0.78; MgO – 2.63; Al ₂ O ₃ – 22.15; SiO ₂ – 52.39; K ₂ O – 1.94; CaO – 3.59; TiO ₂ – 1.05; MnO– 0.069; Fe ₂ O ₃ – 7.73; P ₂ O ₅ – 0.36; SO ₃ – 0.37; p.p.p – 6.32. [Possibility of using solid fuel combustion waste from thermal power plants in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in eco-geopolymer technology / E.A. Yatsenko and others // Glass and ceramics. 2021. No. 9.P.40-45.].

The joint grinding of Portland cement clinker and a mixture of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste ZShO-1 was carried out in a centrifugal planetary mill to a specific surface area of 6400 cm ² /g to obtain particles with a size of 3.5-3.6 microns.

The mixture was extracted and samples were molded into cubes 30x30x30 mm with a water-cement ratio (W/C) of 0.24. After hardening in air for 24 hours, the cubes were removed from the mold and subjected to heat and humidity treatment in a LOIP steaming chamber for 6 hours at a temperature of 85ºC, and then the samples were hardened in air for 28 days.

The superplasticizer “Melflux 1641” was used as a plasticizing additive, which was added to the mixture in excess of 100% - 0.16%.

The dispersity of crushed particles of the original Portland cement clinker, vanadium production waste and ZShO-1 after grinding was determined using an ANALYSETTE 22 NanoTecplus laser particle size analyzer. The compressive strength of the cubes was carried out on a hydraulic press PMG-100 MG4. Compressive strength was determined as the average strength of five samples, which was 57.3 MPa.

By joint grinding in a centrifugal-planetary mill, a mixture of Portland cement clinker was prepared in an amount of 86.0 wt.%, vanadium production waste and ZShO-1 at a ratio of 2:1 parts by weight, respectively, in an amount of 14 wt.%. Samples were molded and tested for strength.

The average compressive strength of the cubes was 57.9 MPa, which corresponds to the grade of binder material M 500.

When the mixture of vanadium production waste and ZShO-1 increases by more than 16%, the grade of the composite binder drops and becomes lower than grade M 400.

Thus, the optimal content of vanadium production waste and ZShO-1 at a ratio of 2:1 parts by weight in cement lies in the range of 14.0-16.0%.

Claims (2)

A composite binder based on technogenic waste, including Portland cement clinker and technogenic waste, characterized in that a mixture of vanadium production waste and ash and slag waste is introduced as technogenic waste at a ratio of 2:1 and the dispersion of each component is 6400 cm ² /g, with the following ratios, wt .%: Portland cement clinker 84-86 industrial waste 14-16