RU2809703C2 - Driving system for switch and method for activating switch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: drive system (3) for the switch (17) includes a drive shaft (16) that connects the drive system (3) to the switch (17), as well as a motor (12) for driving the drive shaft (16) and the feedback system (17), which is designed to determine at least one value for the position of the drive shaft (16) and to generate a feedback signal based on said at least one value. In addition, it contains a control device (2), which is designed to influence the operation of the engine (12) depending on the feedback signal. The feedback system (4) includes at least one sensor (13), designed as a single-turn angle sensor, and an auxiliary contact (9), which in combination are designed and arranged to detect the absolute position of the drive shaft (16) or the absolute position of the additional shaft, which is connected to the drive shaft (16), and based on the registered position, generate at least one first output signal. And configured to determine a value for the position of the drive shaft (16) based on at least said first output signal.

EFFECT: increasing the switch reliability.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a drive system for a switch and a method for operating the switch.

In transformer substations there are many switches for different applications and with different requirements. To activate the corresponding switches, they must be actuated by the drive system. These switches are in particular load step switches, load tap changers, selectors, double changeover switches, changeover switches, pre-selectors, power switches, load switches or disconnectors.

Document WO 2012135209 A1 discloses a load step switch based on the reactor switching principle with a motor drive. The motor drive contains a multi-turn absolute value encoder, which is located on the side shaft. In addition, a feedback device ("feedback device") is attached to the motor itself, which can be made in the form of a multi-turn absolute value encoder or resolver.

Document RU 2431884 C2 describes the motor drive compartment in the load tap changer. Inside the compartment there is a motor, gearbox and position sensor. The motor is connected through a gearbox to a shaft, which operates the load tap changer. The position sensor is located on the gearbox.

Document WO 0036621 A1 discloses a drive device for a medium or high voltage switchgear, in which the drive comprises a rotating electrical machine operatively connected to a moving contact.

Document US 7109670 B1 discloses a drive system with a device for damping speed and a device for adjusting the speed of a motor drive.

Thus, load step switches serve, for example, for smooth switching between different winding taps of electrical equipment, such as a power transformer or an adjustable inductor. As a result, for example, the transformation ratio of the transformer or the inductance of the inductor may change. Double reversing switches are used to change the polarity of the windings during operation of the power transformer.

All of these switches represent a critical safety component of electrical equipment. Switching occurs during the operation of electrical equipment and accordingly, for example, when it is connected to the power grid. Operational faults can, in extreme cases, have significant technical and economic consequences.

Based on this, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved concept for actuating a switch, with which operational safety is improved.

This problem is solved by means of a drive system for at least one switch, which includes the features of claim 1 of the claims.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for actuating at least one switch, which provides an improved concept for actuating a switch, with which drive flexibility and switching safety are increased.

This problem is solved using a method for actuating at least one switch, which includes the features of paragraph 10 of the claims.

The improved concept is based on the idea of equipping the drive shaft for actuating the switch with a feedback system that can record at least one value for the position of the drive shaft. The influence on the engine operation is based on a feedback signal that is generated depending on the value.

According to the improved concept, a drive system for the switch is provided. The drive system has a drive shaft that connects the drive system to the switch, a motor for driving the drive shaft, and a feedback system. The feedback system is configured to determine at least one value for the position of the drive shaft and, based on the at least one value, generate a feedback signal. In addition, the drive system has a control device, which is configured to influence the operation of the engine depending on the feedback signal.

According to at least one embodiment, the switch can be configured as a load step switch or a load tap changer or a selector or a double reversing switch or a reversing switch or a pre-selector or a power switch or a load switch or a disconnector.

The terminology “values for drive shaft position” also includes measured values from which the drive shaft position can be determined unambiguously, if necessary within a tolerance range.

By determining at least one value for the position of the drive shaft, the control device can increase the reliability of the position determination and reduce the associated residual risk of erroneous position determination.

According to at least one embodiment, the drive system serves to drive a shaft of a switch, such as a load step switch or a corresponding load step switch component. Consequently, the load step switch is caused to perform one or more operations, such as switching between two winding taps of an equipment or switching part, such as load switching, selector actuation, pre-selector actuation, or double reversing switch actuation.

According to at least one embodiment, the drive shaft is connected directly or indirectly, in particular via one or more transmission mechanisms, to the switch, in particular to the switch shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the drive shaft is connected directly or indirectly, in particular via one or more transmission mechanisms, to a load tap changer, selector, double reversing switch, reversing switch, power switch, load switch or disconnector, in particular to the shaft on-load tap changer, selector, double changeover switch, changeover switch, power changer, load switch or disconnector.

According to at least one embodiment, the drive shaft is connected directly or indirectly, in particular via one or more transmission mechanisms, to the engine, in particular to the engine shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the position, in particular the absolute position, of the motor shaft corresponds to the position, in particular the absolute position, of the drive shaft. That is, from the position of the motor shaft it is possible to unambiguously draw, if necessary within a tolerance range, the position of the drive shaft.

In at least one embodiment, the effect includes controlling, adjusting, braking, accelerating or stopping the engine. The adjustment may include, for example, position adjustment, speed adjustment, acceleration adjustment, or torque adjustment. At least in the case of such adjustments, the drive system can be said to be a servo drive system.

According to at least one embodiment, the drive system includes a control unit that is configured to monitor, based on a feedback signal, one or more operations of a switch, a load step changer, a load tap changer, a selector, a double reversing switch, a reversing switch , pre-selector, power switch, load switch or disconnector. Control includes in particular control over whether individual operations or parts thereof are carried out correctly, in particular within predetermined periods of time.

According to at least one embodiment, the control device includes a control unit and a power section for controlled or regulated power supply to the engine. The control unit is configured to control the power unit depending on at least one calculated value, in particular a calculated value of position, speed or acceleration.

According to at least one embodiment, the power section is designed as a frequency converter or servo frequency converter or as an equivalent electronic, in particular fully electronic, unit for drive machines.

According to various embodiments, the control device includes a feedback system in whole or in part.

According to at least one embodiment, the feedback system is configured to set a first value for a drive shaft position according to a first method.

According to at least one embodiment, the value for the drive shaft position is a value for the absolute position of the drive shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the value for the drive shaft position is an incremental value for the drive shaft position or a value for the relative position of the drive shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the feedback system is designed to set the position of the motor rotor and, depending on the rotor position, thus assign a value for the position of the drive shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the rotor position refers to the angular range in which the motor rotor is located, optionally in combination with several full rotations of the rotor.

Depending on the design, in particular on the number of pole pairs, the rotor position or absolute position of the motor shaft can thereby be precisely determined up to at least 180°, for example by a control device. Thanks to the transformation by one or more transmission mechanisms, the resulting position accuracy of the drive shaft is significantly greater. The evaluation by the control device corresponds in this case to some extent to the function of a virtual sensor. This combination is also referred to as a virtual rotation angle sensor (encoder).

According to at least one embodiment, the feedback system includes a sensor that is an absolute value sensor and is located and configured to detect the absolute position of the drive shaft or the absolute position of an additional shaft that is connected to the drive shaft, and based on the recorded position generate at least one output signal. The feedback system is configured to set a value for a drive shaft position for an absolute position based on at least one output signal.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor is attached directly or indirectly to a motor shaft, a drive shaft or a shaft connected thereto.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor has a first output for providing a first value for an absolute position.

The terminology “encoder” includes both devices that determine two values for a position in different ways, and devices that contain two separate encoders, at least one of which is an absolute value encoder.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor includes an absolute value sensor or a multi-turn rotation angle sensor or a single-turn rotation angle sensor.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor is configured to detect the position of the drive shaft or the position of the additional shaft through the first scanning method.

According to at least one embodiment, the scanning method includes an optical, magnetic, capacitive, resistive or inductive scanning method.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor is positively connected to a drive shaft, a motor shaft or an additional shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor is additionally connected by force or molecular closure, for example by means of an adhesive connection, to a drive shaft, a motor shaft or an additional shaft.

Thanks to the connection with form-fitting and optionally with force- or molecular-locking, the sensor fixation is improved and, as a result, operational safety is further increased.

According to a further embodiment, the feedback system is configured to determine at least one value for the position of the drive shaft using the sensor and the auxiliary contact and, based on the at least one value, generate a feedback signal. In this case, the sensor and the auxiliary contact can generate a separate value in each case, the values then being combined into one value in order to generate a feedback signal based on this value. In addition, the corresponding sensor value and the auxiliary contact value, which in combination represent the position of the drive shaft, can directly generate a common feedback signal.

The drive system has a control device which is designed to influence the operation of the motor depending on the feedback signal, which is based on the common value of the sensor and the auxiliary contact or on individual values in each case.

By defining two values from which the position of the drive shaft is determined, the inventive idea can be implemented using a wide variety of hardware. Ultimately, this increases the operational safety of the drive system, switch and electrical equipment.

According to at least one embodiment, the feedback system is configured to set a first value using a sensor according to a first method and set at least a second value using an auxiliary contact according to a second method. The values are then combined into one value.

The methods may differ in different technical or physical principles or different design elements (hardware components).

According to at least one embodiment, the first sensor value for the drive shaft position is the first value for the absolute position of the drive shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the second auxiliary contact value for the drive shaft position is a second value for the relative position of the drive shaft.

The first and second values form the value for the absolute position of the drive shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the feedback system is configured to set the position of the engine rotor and determine one of at least two values for the position of the drive shaft depending on the position of the rotor. In this case, the feedback system has a sensor, which is a so-called virtual rotation angle sensor.

According to at least one embodiment, the feedback system includes a sensor and an auxiliary contact that are arranged and configured to in combination detect an absolute position of a drive shaft or an absolute position of an auxiliary shaft that is connected to the drive shaft, and based on the sensed position generate at least one output signal.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor and the auxiliary contact are directly or indirectly attached to the motor shaft, the drive shaft or a shaft connected thereto.

According to at least one embodiment, the sensor has a first output for outputting a first value, and the auxiliary contact has a second output for outputting a second value, the values forming an absolute position of the drive shaft.

According to at least one embodiment, the auxiliary contact is configured to detect the position of the drive shaft or the position of the additional shaft additionally by means of a scanning method.

According to at least one embodiment, the scanning method includes a mechanical, optical, magnetic, capacitive, resistive or inductive scanning method.

According to at least one embodiment, the auxiliary contact is additionally connected by force or molecular closure, for example by means of an adhesive connection, to the drive shaft, motor shaft or auxiliary shaft.

Thanks to the form-fitting connection and additionally to the force or molecular connection, the securing of the auxiliary contact is improved and, as a result, operational safety is further increased.

According to the improved concept, a method for actuating the load step switch is also specified. The method includes determining at least one value for an absolute position of a drive shaft to actuate a load stage switch, generating a feedback signal based on the at least one value, and controlling a motor to actuate the load stage switch depending on the feedback signal. .

Other embodiments and implementations of the method arise directly from various embodiments of the stage switch system. In particular, individual or several of the components and/or systems described in relation to the stage switch system can be implemented to carry out the method in a suitable manner.

The invention will now be explained in detail on the basis of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawing. Components that are identical or functionally identical or have identical action may be provided with identical reference numerals. Identical components or components with identical function are explained, if possible, only in the figure in which they first appear. The explanation is not necessarily repeated in subsequent figures.

Shown:

fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a drive system according to an improved concept; And

fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a further exemplary embodiment of a drive system according to an improved concept.

For identical or identically acting elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used. In addition, for clarity, the individual figures depict only those reference numerals that are necessary to describe the corresponding figure. The figures depict only examples of implementation of the invention, without, however, limiting the invention to the illustrated examples of implementation.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a drive system 3 for a switch 1. The drive system 3 is coupled via a drive shaft 16 to the switch 1. The drive system 3 includes a motor 12 which, via a motor shaft 14 and optionally a transmission mechanism 15, can drive the drive shaft 16 The control device 2 of the drive system 3 includes a power section 11, which contains, for example, a frequency converter (not shown) for controlled or regulated power supply to the motor 12, as well as a control unit 10 for controlling the power section 11, for example via a bus 18. system 3 has a sensor 13, which serves as a feedback system 4 or is part of a feedback system 4 and is connected to the power part 11. Further, the sensor 13 is directly or indirectly connected to the drive shaft 16.

The sensor 13 is configured to register at least one first value for a position, in particular an angular position, for example the absolute angular position of the drive shaft 16. For this purpose, the sensor 13 may include, for example, an absolute value encoder, in particular a multi-turn absolute encoder values that is attached to the drive shaft 16, the engine shaft 14, or another shaft whose position is uniquely related to the absolute position of the drive shaft 16. For example, the position of the drive shaft 16 can be uniquely determined from the position of the engine shaft 14, for example through a gear ratio.

The feedback system 4 is configured to register a value for the position of the drive shaft 16.

The control device 2 and in particular the control unit 10 and/or the power part 11 are configured to regulate or control the motor 12 depending on the feedback signal that the value-based feedback system 4 generates.

Fig. 2 shows a further schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of the drive system 3. Here, in addition to the encoder 13, which is configured as an absolute encoder, a multi-turn absolute encoder, a single-turn absolute encoder, or a single-turn encoder, or an incremental encoder, or a virtual encoder, an auxiliary switch 9 may be provided. The drive system 3 thus has a sensor 13 and an auxiliary switch 9, which serve as a feedback system 4 or are part of a feedback system 4 and are connected to the power section 11.

The auxiliary switch 9 can be made in the form of at least one microswitch or resolver (rotating transformer) or sin/cos sensor. The position of the drive shaft 16 can be uniquely determined by the sensor 13 in connection with the auxiliary switch 9.

Alternatively or additionally, the control device 2 can be configured to set a value for the position of the drive shaft 16 from the position of the rotor of the motor 12. This would be the already mentioned sensor 13, which is designed as a virtual angle sensor.

This can be done, for example, by inductive feedback due to the movement of the rotor in the windings of the motor 12. Since the feedback strength varies periodically, the position of the rotor can be approximated, in particular by signal analysis, such as fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis. Since a full revolution of the drive shaft 16 corresponds to many revolutions of the rotor, the position of the drive shaft 16 can be inferred with significantly higher accuracy. Additionally, the auxiliary switch 9 can complement the determination of the position of the drive shaft 16.

The control device 2, in particular the control unit 10 and/or the power part 11, is configured to regulate or control the motor 12 depending on the feedback signal that the value-based feedback system 4 generates. Depending on the version, the value is generated by the output signal of sensor 13 or the output signal of sensor 13 in combination with auxiliary switch 9.

LIST OF REFERENCE POSITIONS

1 switch

2 control device

3 drive system

4 feedback system

9 auxiliary contact

10 control unit

11 power section

12 engine

13 sensor

14 motor shaft

15 gear mechanism

16 drive shaft

18 tire

Claims (14)

1. Drive system (3) for switch (17), drive system (3) includes - drive shaft (16), which connects the drive system (3) to the switch (17); - motor (12) for driving the drive shaft (16); - a feedback system (4), which is configured to determine at least one value for the position of the drive shaft (16) and based on said at least one value to generate a feedback signal; And - control device (2), which is designed to influence the operation of the engine (12) depending on the feedback signal; and - the feedback system (4) includes at least one sensor (13), made in the form of a single-turn angle sensor, and an auxiliary contact (9), which in combination are designed and located in order to register the absolute position of the drive shaft ( 16) or the absolute position of the additional shaft, which is connected to the drive shaft (16), and based on the registered position, generate at least one first output signal; and configured to determine a value for the position of the drive shaft (16) based on said at least first output signal. 2. The drive system (3) according to claim 1, wherein the value for the position of the drive shaft (16) is the value for the absolute position of the drive shaft (16). 3. Drive system (3) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the auxiliary contact (9) is made in the form of at least one microswitch or resolver. 4. Drive system (3) according to any one of claims. 1-3, wherein the switch (17) is a load step switch, or a load tap changer, or a load selector, or a selector, or a reversing switch, or a double reversing switch, or a pre-selector, or a power switch, or a load switch, or a disconnector . 5. A method for actuating the switch (17) using a drive system (3) according to any one of claims. 1-4, the method includes: - determining at least one value for the absolute position of the drive shaft (16) for actuating the switch (17); - generating a feedback signal based on said at least one value; And - motor control (12) to operate the switch (17) depending on the feedback signal.

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