RU2809474C1 - Smart village management system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automated control systems.

SUBSTANCE: infrastructure and service management systems that support an integrated environment for human work, learning, and living, and can be used for automated management of “smart villages” with advanced requirements for reliability, safety, and efficiency. The essence of the invention lies in application of the technological principle of functional modularity and supplementing the automated control module with a user authorization unit, an application processing unit, a monitoring unit of modules connected by bidirectional communication lines with the control server, while each of the K automatic control modules is additionally equipped with an emergency control unit and the first transceiver. The inputs and the outputs of the emergency control unit are respectively connected by bidirectional communication lines to a field level bus, to the first transceiver, and to a programmable controller connected by a bidirectional communication line with the first transceiver. Additionally, an administrator interface is introduced into the system, connected by a bidirectional communication line with a telecommunications network, as well as P functional modules, each containing the second transceiver, a service control unit, a control unit, a local terminal, connected in series by bidirectional communication lines with the inputs and the outputs of the control unit, while the second transceiver is connected by a bidirectional communication line to the service information bus.

EFFECT: expanded functionality of the claimed system, adaptability of the system to changes in the composition of the functional modules, and rapid transition from an automatic control mode to an automatically-assisted one in case of accidents and emergencies during operation of a “smart village” to meet the reliability and safety requirements.

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Description

The presented technical solution relates to automated control systems, namely control systems for engineering and technical systems and services that support an integrated environment for human work, learning and living, and can be used for automated control of “smart villages” with increased requirements for reliability and safety and efficiency.

Currently, digital technologies for automated management of cities, towns, campuses and individual buildings are actively developing with the inclusion in control systems of components that implement automatic collection, processing and analysis of field data and automatic control of actuators of life support subsystems (PNST 443-2020 Information Technologies. Smart city. General provisions for the integration and operation of smart city infrastructures; SuqinGu. Cloud Campus 3.0 Solution. IP Network eBook Series. 10/19/2021 [electronic resource] https://support.huawei.com/enterprise/en/doc/EDOC1100201111 ).

This invention is intended for use as an automated control system for engineering and technical subsystems and services of “smart villages” (SV), the active design and construction of which is carried out to provide labor resources for production activities in harsh natural and climatic conditions of residence and work of users and service personnel.

The applicant calls a “smart village” a complex of prefabricated modular buildings designed for work and residence of service personnel and users of the village, equipped with an automated control system that ensures the management of engineering and technological systems and the services provided in the village in an automatic and automated mode. The concept of a “smart village” combines information and communication technologies and various physical devices connected to an automated control system (PNST 438-2020 Information technologies. Internet of things. Standard architecture).

The smart village management system (SUUP), presented in the stated technical solution, is built using a modular principle and meets high requirements for efficiency, reliability and operational safety.

A known microprocessor information and control system "smart home" contains a controller configured to operate in a wired network, as well as executive wired modules connected to the controller using a wired network, designed to connect sensors and actuators to the controller (RU patent No. 53510 U1 , IPC N02N 7/00, G06F 19/00, published 05/10/2006).

A utility model of a digital camp system is also known (patent CN 210442909 U, Digital camp system, published 2020-05-01), which provides a digital camp management system, and includes a business management element, a video monitoring unit, an environmental monitoring unit and an energy management unit, wherein the service control unit, video monitoring unit, environmental monitoring unit and energy management unit are electrically connected to the database through wires, the database is electrically connected to the central processing unit through wires, the central processing unit is electrically connected to the alarm, three-dimensional real-time display and positioner through wires, and the real-time 3D display is electrically connected to the terminal through wires.

The closest analogue (prototype) for this invention is the Village Equipment Management System/control device (patent CN 103092169 B, Digital camp apparatus management/control device, published 2016-01-06). The features of the specified known technical solution, which are common to the claimed one, are that the system includes a service information bus, an automated control module, which includes a control server connected, respectively, by bidirectional communication lines with the operator interface, an analytics and reporting unit, and a configuration unit , a database block, as well as a service information bus, and also contains K automatic control modules, which contain L measuring transducers and M sensors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the field level bus, as well as N executive units connected by a bidirectional communication line with the field bus level, a programmable controller connected by a bidirectional communication line to the field level bus, and the service information bus is serially connected by bidirectional communication lines to the transceiver, telecommunications network and S subscriber modules.

The main disadvantages of known control systems are the lack of adaptability to changes in the configuration of controlled subsystems, as well as the lack of the ability to quickly switch from automatic to automated control mode.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of the functionality of the claimed system, the adaptability of the system to changes in the composition of functional modules and the rapid transition from an automatic control mode to an automated one in emergency and emergency situations during the operation of the village to ensure reliability and safety requirements.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is that the “smart village” control system contains a service information bus, an automated control module, which includes a control server connected, respectively, by bidirectional communication lines with the operator interface, an analytics and reporting unit, a configuration unit, and a database unit. data, as well as a service information bus, and also contains K automatic control modules, which contain L measuring transducers and M sensors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the field level bus, as well as N executive units connected by a bidirectional communication line to the field level bus, and also a programmable controller connected by a bidirectional communication line with the field level bus, and the service information bus is connected in series with the transceiver, telecommunication network and S subscriber modules by bidirectional communication lines, while the automated control module is additionally equipped with a user authorization unit, an application processing unit, and a module monitoring unit , connected by bidirectional communication lines with the control server, while each of the K automatic control modules is additionally equipped with an emergency control unit and a first transceiver, while the inputs and outputs of the emergency control unit by bidirectional communication lines are respectively connected to the field level bus, to the first transceiver and to the programmable a controller connected by a bidirectional communication line to the first transceiver; additionally, the system includes an administrator interface connected by a bidirectional communication line to the telecommunications network, as well as P functional modules, each of which contains a second transceiver, a service control unit, a control unit, a local terminal connected in series bidirectional communication lines with the inputs and outputs of the control unit, while the second transceiver is connected by a bidirectional communication line with the service information bus.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a functional diagram of the proposed smart village management system, which includes:

• service information bus 1;

• automated control module 2, including:

management server - 2.1,

operator interface - 2.2,

user authorization block - 2.3,

application processing block - 2.4,

analytics and reporting block - 2.5,

configuration block - 2.6,

module monitoring unit - 2.7,

database block - 2.8;

• K automatic control modules - 3, including:

field level bus - 3.1,

first transceiver - 3.2,

programmable controller - 3.3,

emergency control unit - 3.4,

L measuring transducers - 3.5,

M sensors - 3.6,

N execution units - 3.7;

• transceiver -4.1;

• telecommunications network - 4.2;

• administrator interface - 4.3;

• subscriber module - 4.4;

• P functional modules - 5, including:

local terminal - 5.1,

module operator interface - 5.2,

control unit - 5.3,

service control unit - 5.4,

the second transceiver is 5.5.

The implementation of the functions performed by the modules as a whole and individual blocks is presented in the description of the technical solution in an explicit form or is defined in the description of the operation of the control system.

All system modules are implemented in a known manner in accordance with the requirements of GOST 33701-2016 and represent a rigid frame structure that provides mechanical support for blocks inserted into the backplane, proper mating of connectors, absence of contact between connected modules, distribution of cooling air flows in the system and the impossibility of damage contact between inserted modules and the backplane due to vibration or shock.

The module control server is implemented in accordance with the requirements of GOST IEC 60050-2016 and is designed as a microprocessor subsystem with control and functional software.

All functional blocks of the SUUP included in the system are complex objects of technical means and software, designed to perform a specific function and represent an integrated circuit, the central part of which is built on one or more microprocessors and are functionally complete devices that, according to a program specified by the controllers, signals, processes information signals. The processing result is determined by the program, and the hardware remains unchanged.

All bidirectional and unidirectional communication lines of the SUUP are data buses that can use both parallel and bit-serial connections, and can be connected either in a multi-level (electrical parallel) or serial topology, or connected by switched hubs, as in the case of universal serial bus. Moreover, all communication lines presented in the functional diagram of the system allow the transmission of control signals, synchronization signals and information signals using wired or wireless channels.

The control system operates in automatic and automated control modes simultaneously. In this case, for automatic control modules it is possible to use only one of the indicated modes.

Let us introduce modified definitions of terms from GOST R 58538-2019 into the description.

Automated control: a set of influences on an object with the direct participation of the operator in control processes, selected from a variety of possible ones based on certain information and aimed at maintaining or improving the functioning of the controlled object in accordance with the purpose of control.

Automatic control: a set of influences on an object without human intervention, selected from a variety of possible ones based on certain information and aimed at maintaining or improving the functioning of the controlled object in accordance with the purpose of control.

Automatic process: a process performed by technical means according to a previously specified algorithm without human intervention.

The functions of the modules and blocks of the control system that ensure the achievement of the stated technical result are described below.

Automated control module 2 is a prefabricated control system component designed to directly perform the following automated functions:

• configuration management of the management system, including:

planning management system configuration;

configuration identification;

configuration audit;

configuration change management;

saving configuration status;

• management of requests for services and changes, including the formation, accounting and control of the implementation of freelance requests from users, as well as those created by functional modules and field monitoring tools in automatic mode;

• management of databases and information models of control objects and technological processes;

• ensuring functional and information integration of components and services of the management system;

• organization and coordination of computing processes that implement the tasks of monitoring and managing the components of the control system, technological, information and auxiliary processes;

• organization and management of a unified database of the management system, stored in database block 2.8;

• providing the system operator in graphical form in real time with information about the technological processes of the control system and the state of control objects and the environment;

• reception of control commands and information from the system operator, their processing and transmission to the executive blocks of the control system.

Each automatic control module 3 is a prefabricated control system component designed to implement automatic processes that support the following automatic functions:

• receiving operational information on the condition of equipment and other control and monitoring objects, including the environment;

• processing, analysis and transmission of control and information signals via service information bus 1 to control server 2.1 and to functional modules;

• control of data updating and filtering by limit values of parameters of control objects;

• control of technological digital and analog parameters of control objects;

• generation of information signals to support the implementation of procedures for remote diagnostics and monitoring of equipment and the environment.

Programmable controller (PC) 3.3, which is part of the automatic control module, is a microprocessor device designed to collect, convert, process, store information and generate control commands, having a finite number of inputs and outputs, sensors, converters, and actuators connected to them and working in real time.

Executive units included in the automatic control module that receive input signals and act on one or more properties of a physical entity.

The sensors included in the automatic control module are devices that read some properties of a physical entity and convert them into digital signals for further processing in a programmable controller.

Functional module 5 is a prefabricated component of the control system, which has a standard structure, implements an autonomous set of application functions, provides specialized services for users, personnel and owners of the control system and uses shared information resources of the control system, accessed through service information bus 1 using well-known information exchange protocols , and designed to facilitate system design, integration, and reuse.

Service information bus 1 is a connecting software and hardware component of the control system and is used for functional integration of control system components and centralized and unified event-based exchange of messages and control signals between control system modules and blocks. The use of a service information bus makes it possible to implement in the control system the principle of a service-oriented architecture of information and control interaction between modules.

The field level bus 3.1 as part of the automatic control module 1 is a hardware-software communication unit and is used to integrate control system components and automatic services inside the automatic module. The field bus is implemented as standard at the physical, data link and application layers of a multi-layer network model.

Transceivers as part of a control system are a combination of a transmitter and a receiver in one functional block, in which common circuit elements and specialized software are used for transmission and reception.

All interfaces within the SUUP are executed in accordance with GOST 30721-2020 and are shared means that connect two functional units with different functional characteristics, physical connection parameters, and interconnection parameters for signal exchange.

The implementation of SUUP functions is based on software and hardware processing at the semantic (information) level of the following structured and encoded information objects: user profiles, information models of management objects, technological maps of services, electronic documents, digital identifiers of management and accounting objects, classifier records and directories. The list of types of information objects can expand during the operation of the control system.

The following describes the operation of the system using the example of implementing a scenario for connecting a new technological module (building, trailer, office, user service location) to the existing infrastructure of the UE. To ensure the commissioning of the technological module and the services to support it, a new p-th functional module 5, consisting of a local terminal 5.1, a module operator interface 5.2, a control unit 5.3, is designed, completed, installed, integrated at the field and information level with the existing structure of the control system. , a service control unit 5.4 and a second transceiver 5.5 and a new k-th automatic control module 3, consisting of a field level bus 3.1, a first transceiver 3.2, a programmable controller 3.3, an emergency control unit 3.4, L measuring transducers 3.5, M sensors 3.6 and N actuators blocks 3.7.

At the moment of connecting the p-th functional module 5 to the service information bus (SIB) 1, the control unit 5.3 transmits a control signal through SIS 1 to the control server (SU) 2.1, and after receiving a response signal through SIS 1, confirming readiness for the exchange session, the block control 5.3 transmits a control signal about readiness to the operator interface of module 5.2. Next, the operator, through the operator interface of module 5.2 and the control unit, transmits the information package to the service control unit 5.4, in which the configuration and information parts of the package are prepared, which is transmitted in series with the control signal to the control unit 5.3 and then through SIS 1 to SU 2.1. Next, SU 2.1 transmits the control signal to the operator interface 2.2 and the module monitoring unit 2.7, the configuration part of the package SU 2.1 transmits in parallel to the configuration block 2.6 and the request processing unit 2.4, and the information part of the package SU 2.1 transmits in parallel to the database block 2.8, to the processing unit applications 2.4 and analytics and reporting block 2.5. As a result of the completion of the previous operation, in configuration block 2.6, an updated configuration diagram is generated corresponding to the connection to the control system of a new module and blocks in its composition, including logical addresses and exchange protocol formats, and in the application control block, changes are initiated in the application registers and application processing scenarios from users of the rth functional module 5 and automatic requests from the control unit 5.3.

The SUUP implements the principle of single sign-on; users can register in the SUUP, create an application and gain access to common services using the local terminal of any of the functional modules.

The operation of the configuration block complies with the general principles of system configuration management described in GOST R 59193-2020.

User authorization block 2.3 carries out authentication procedures for the user and service personnel and grants rights to perform certain types of activities, including access to SUUP services, implementing a reliable authentication procedure through a secure comparison of presented and stored identifiers.

SU 2.1 carries out the procedures for the initial assignment of unique identifiers to the components of the control system, serviced equipment and other control objects, and during operation, it determines the object based on the control of the identifier when the control system performs automatic procedures. Unique identifiers are used to generate analytics and reports on the state of equipment objects and completed procedures in the analytics and reporting block 2.5.

Below we describe the operation of the control system in modes in which blocks are involved, the description of which was not included in the previous scenario.

Administrator interface 4.3 is designed for functional information integration with the control system of remote devices that provide collection, processing, storage and analysis of information about the technical condition of control system components and control systems control objects, information about which is collected and processed by control system 2.1 and stored in database block 2.8. The administrator interface 4.3 transmits a request for information through the telecommunications network 4.2, transceiver 4.1, SIS 1, SU 2.1 and to the database block 2.8 and receives back an information package from the database block 2.8, CS 2.1, SIS 1, transceiver 4.1 and telecommunications network 4.2 .

Subscriber module 4.4 is designed for connection to the system in various modes, including the remote operator mode of the functional module of maintenance personnel and users of the control system. In this case, control signals and information are transmitted from the subscriber module 4.4 through the telecommunications network 4.2, transceiver 4.1, SIS 1 to CS 2.1.

The operation of each of the K automatic control modules 3 and the following blocks included in it: field level bus 3.1, programmable controller 3.3, emergency control unit 3.4, first transceiver 3.2, L measuring transducers, M sensors and N executive units is known and corresponds to the classical automatic management. Due to increased requirements for system reliability and safety, the functions of the emergency control unit 3.4 have been expanded in the control system. This block provides operational monitoring of the state of all automatic control circuits, for which redundant direct connections of the emergency control block 3.4 with the programmable controller 3.3 and the field level bus 3.1 have been introduced. In the event of accidents or emergency situations, the emergency control unit 3.4 ensures that the operation of the control system is transferred to an automated mode for emergency control loops, ensuring the continuity of the functioning of all services of the control system.

Achievement of the technical result stated above by the control system, namely: expansion of the functionality of the declared system, adaptability of the system to changes in the composition of functional modules and prompt transition from an automatic control mode to an automated one in emergency and emergency situations, allows for a reduction in design costs compared to known solutions , construction, installation and ownership of “smart villages” by reducing the costs of labor and material resources at all stages of the life cycle, and reducing the time to put into operation new functional modules and services for users. An additional effect is a reduction in the likelihood of accidents and the cost of eliminating the consequences and technical malfunctions in the automatic control loops of the control system.

The declared control system is included in standard standardized project management systems for northern rotational camps for oil workers, which makes it possible to ensure the layout and installation of control systems in the factory during the production of mobile technological modules. When installing technological modules on a construction site, the functional module is connected to the control system with minimal settings and installation costs. The adaptability of the system provides the ability to expand both the services implemented by the modules and the functional set of modules as the software infrastructure develops.

At the moment, a standard control system has been implemented, which includes the following functional modules:

• management of rooms and accommodation;

• canteen and food management;

• cash service;

• management of communal infrastructure;

• class;

• digital office;

• medical office.

Claims (1)

A “smart village” management system containing a service information bus, an automated control module, including a control server connected, respectively, by bidirectional communication lines with the operator interface, an analytics and reporting unit, a configuration unit, a database unit, as well as a service information bus, and also containing K automatic control modules, which contain L measuring transducers and M sensors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the field level bus, as well as N executive units connected by a bidirectional communication line to the field level bus, as well as a programmable controller connected by a bidirectional communication line with a field level bus, and the service information bus is connected in series with the transceiver, telecommunication network and S subscriber modules by bidirectional communication lines, characterized in that the automated control module is additionally equipped with a user authorization unit, an application processing unit, a module monitoring unit, connected by bidirectional communication lines with control server, wherein each of the K automatic control modules is additionally equipped with an emergency control unit and a first transceiver, while the inputs and outputs of the emergency control unit are connected via bidirectional communication lines, respectively, to the field level bus, to the first transceiver and to a programmable controller connected by a bidirectional communication line with the first transceiver, the system additionally includes an administrator interface connected by a bidirectional communication line to the telecommunications network, as well as P functional modules, each of which contains a second transceiver, a service control unit, a control unit, a local terminal, connected in series by bidirectional communication lines with inputs - outputs of the control unit, while the second transceiver is connected by a bidirectional communication line with the service information bus.

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