RU2805437C1 - Rotary drill bit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rotary drilling tools intended for drilling holes in coal mines for installing roof anchors, drilling holes, and also drilling wells. A rotary drill cutter includes a body, two carbide tungsten-cobalt cutting inserts with two stress raisers in the form of triangular angles, and a locking stage with the ability to attach the cutter to the drive mechanism. Carbide cutting tungsten-cobalt inserts are located on feathers that move along the axis of rotation of the body. The housing has a shaft that turns into a locking stage; a gear is located on the shaft, which engages with the satellites. The satellites are located on pins with the possibility of rotational movement of the pins around the axis of rotation of the housing shaft due to the rotation of the gear and satellites, the pins are installed vertically with one side in the blind hole of the glass, through a bearing communicating with the housing shaft, the pins are connected with their opposite side to the flat surface of the ring. The reverse side of the ring has a wavy surface that contacts the spherical surface of the feather pushers; the satellites are coupled with an internal gear, forming a planetary mechanism. The wheel is located in a blind hole of the cage and is fixed in it; the cage has holes for the guide pins. The corresponding holes for the guide pins are made in the housing, and to hold the holder on the housing shaft, a locking ring is installed. The housing has guide screws with the ability to hold pushers and feathers. The feathers have holes to accommodate the said screws.

EFFECT: reducing the wear of the cutting edges of the feathers, increasing the efficiency of drilling rocks of high hardness and expanding the scope of application of the drill cutter.

1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mining, namely to rotary drilling tools intended for drilling holes in coal mines for installing roof anchors, drilling holes, and also drilling wells.

A drilling cutter is known for rotary drilling of RM holes (Mikhailov, V.G. Mining tools [Text] / V.G. Mikhailov, M.G. Krapivin. - M.: Nedra, 1970. - 216 pp., p. 39, Fig. 20, c), which is a two-flute cutter with carbide cutting inserts symmetrical relative to the cutter axis.

The disadvantages of the RM drilling cutter are its limited scope of application - drilling holes in coal and soft rocks, as well as increased wear of the cutter feathers.

The closest to the proposed one is the BI-741A drilling cutter (Mikhailov V.G. Mining tools [Text] / V.G. Mikhailov, M.G. Krapivin. - M.: Nedra, 1970. - 216 pp., p. 40 , Fig. 21, b). This cutter consists of a body and two carbide cutting tungsten-cobalt (TC) inserts with two stress concentrators in the form of trihedral angles each.

The disadvantages of the BI-741A drilling cutter are increased wear of the cutting edges of the cutter, as well as low efficiency of drilling high-hardness rock.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to expand the scope of application of the drill bit, reduce wear on the cutting edges of the feathers, and increase the efficiency of drilling high-hardness rocks.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a rotary drill cutter, including a housing, two carbide cutting tungsten-cobalt inserts with two stress concentrators in the form of triangular angles, a locking stage with the possibility of attaching the cutter to the drive mechanism, according to the claimed invention , carbide cutting tungsten-cobalt inserts are located on movable along the axis of rotation of the housing on the feathers, the housing has a shaft that turns into a locking stage, a gear is located on the shaft, which meshes with the satellites, the satellites are located on pins with the possibility of rotational movement of the pins around the axis of rotation of the housing shaft due to the rotation of the gear and satellites, the pins are installed vertically one side into the blind hole of the glass, through a bearing communicating with the housing shaft, with the opposite side the pins are mated to the flat surface of the ring, while the reverse side of the ring has a wavy surface that contacts the spherical surface of the feather pushers, the satellites are mated to a wheel with internal gearing, forming This is a planetary mechanism, the wheel is located in the blind hole of the cage and is fixed in it, the cage has holes for guide pins, and the corresponding holes for the guide pins are made in the housing, and to hold the cage on the housing shaft, a retaining ring is installed, the housing has guide screws with the ability to hold pushers and feathers, while holes are made in the feathers to accommodate said screws.

The present invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. Figure 1 shows the processes of wear crater formation without the use of additional feed of cutter feathers; in fig. Figure 2 shows the processes of wear crater formation using additional feed of cutter feathers; in fig. Figure 3 shows a general view of the drill cutter; in fig. Figure 4 shows a section A-A of a drill cutter; in fig. 5 shows the planetary mechanism; in fig. 6 and 7 show the types of castle steps; in fig. 8 shows a diagram of the movement of the pushers (position a and b); in fig. Figure 9 shows a diagram of the axial movement of the pins.

The proposed rotary drill cutter consists of a cutter body 1, a locking stage 2 for attaching the cutter to the drive mechanism. On the shaft of the housing 1 there is a gear 3, which is in mesh with the satellites 4. The position of the gear 3 and, accordingly, the satellites 4 is adjusted by a remote sleeve 5. The satellites 4 are located on the pins 6. The pins 6 are installed vertically with one side in the blind hole of the glass 7, in which bearing 8 is located. The position of bearing 8 on the shaft of housing 1 is determined by retaining ring 9. On the opposite side, pins 6 mate with the flat surface of ring 10, while the reverse side of ring 10 has a wave-like surface, the height of the wave has the value ΔХ ₁ . The ring 10 is in constant contact with the spherical surface of the pushers 11 of the feathers 12. The satellites 4 are mated with the wheel 13 with internal gearing, thereby forming a planetary mechanism. In this case, the width of the ring gear 13 is determined based on known calculations for the strength of the gear when transmitting the maximum possible torque, and must satisfy the condition:

,

Where, – width of the wheel ring gear 13;

– width of the satellite ring gear 4;

- value of axial displacement.

The wheel 13 is located in the blind hole of the cage 14 and is fixed in it with screws 15. The cage 14 has holes for the guide pins 16. The corresponding holes for the guide pins 16 are made in the housing 1. To hold the cage 14, a retaining ring 17 is installed on the shaft of the housing 1.

To hold the pushers 11 and the feathers 12, guide screws 18 are provided in the housing 1.

The lock chain 2 can have a male 19 and a female 20 type.

A rotary drill cutter works as follows. The housing shaft 1 is mounted on a rod having an appropriate thread, thereby forming a locking stage 2, after which the rod rotates to ensure axial feed from the drive mechanism, which is located at the drilling site.

The process of drilling rock occurs, as a result of the rotation of the shaft of the housing 1, the rotational movement of the gear 3 and the satellites 4, which are in mesh, occurs, while the relative rotational movement around the gear 3 and the wheel 13, the satellites 4 do not perform. The position of gear 3 and, accordingly, satellites 4 is regulated by a spacer sleeve 5. The satellites 4 are located on pins 6. In this case, due to the rotation of gear 3 and, accordingly, satellites 4, the rotational movement of pins 6 around the axis of rotation of the housing shaft 1 is ensured. Pins 6 are mounted vertically one side into the blind hole of the glass 7, in which the bearing 8 is located. The position of the bearing 8 on the housing shaft 1 is determined by the retaining ring 9.

The opposite side of the pins 6 mates with the flat surface of the ring 10, while the reverse side of the ring 10 has a wave-like surface, the height of the wave has the value ΔХ. The ring 10 is in constant contact with the spherical surface of the pushers 11 of the feathers 12.

The satellites 4 are mated to the wheel 13 with internal gearing, thereby forming a planetary mechanism.

The wheel 13 is located in the blind hole of the cage 14 and is installed in it with screws 15. The cage 14 has holes for the guide pins 16. The corresponding holes for the guide pins 16 are made in the housing 1.

During the drilling process, when the holder 14 touches the rock (jamming occurs due to the protrusions of the cylindrical surface with a diameter D, D>d; the value of the diameter D depends on external conditions), the guide pins 16 come out of the holes in the body 1, and the satellites 4 move into axial direction along the axis of rotation X of the housing shaft 1 by an amount ΔX, shown in Fig.9.

In this case, the holder 14 rests against the locking ring 17, at the same time the planetary mechanism is activated, due to which the pins 6 and, accordingly, the ring 10 rotate around the axis of rotation of the body 1. There is an axial movement of the spherical surface of the pushers 11 of the feathers 12 along the wavy surface rings 10. Pushers 11, moving with a spherical surface along the wavy surface of the ring 10, make an axial movement along the axis of rotation X of the housing 1 by an amount ΔX ₁ .

In order to prevent the feathers 12 and pushers 11 from falling out of the body 1, guide screws 18 are installed. To accommodate the screws 18, holes of appropriate sizes are made in the feathers 12.

Thus, the claimed invention will expand the scope of application of the drill bit, reduce wear of the cutting edges of the feathers, and increase the efficiency of drilling high-hard rock.

Claims (1)

A rotary drill cutter, including a housing, two carbide cutting tungsten-cobalt inserts with two stress concentrators in the form of triangular angles, a locking stage with the possibility of attaching the cutter to the drive mechanism, characterized in that the carbide cutting tungsten-cobalt inserts are located on feathers movable along the axis of rotation of the housing, housing has a shaft that turns into a locking stage, a gear is located on the shaft, which meshes with the satellites, the satellites are located on pins with the possibility of rotational movement of the pins around the axis of rotation of the housing shaft due to the rotation of the gear and satellites, the pins are installed vertically with one side in the blind hole of the glass, through the bearing of the housing communicating with the shaft, on the opposite side the pins are mated to the flat surface of the ring, while the reverse side of the ring has a wavy surface that is in contact with the spherical surface of the feather pushers, the satellites are mated to a wheel with internal gearing, thereby forming a planetary mechanism, the wheel is located in blind hole of the holder and fixed in it, the holder has holes for the guide pins, while the corresponding holes for the guide pins are made in the body, and to hold the holder on the body shaft, a retaining ring is installed, the body has guide screws with the ability to hold pushers and feathers, when In this case, holes are made in the feathers to accommodate the said screws.