RU2805267C1 - Method for collecting peat fields, their transportation in reservoir water areas and device for implementing the method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environmental protection.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for cleaning water areas of reservoirs from floating peat fields. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that parts of peat fields floating in the water area of a reservoir are separated using an inclined escalator equipped with cutting elements installed on a floating base, moving them by an inclined escalator onto a floating base, distributing the collected peat along the deck of a floating base equipped with a roller table, and transporting floating base to the unloading site.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of cleaning reservoir waters from floating peat fields, reducing capital investments when carrying out such work, as well as eliminating losses of collected peat during its transportation.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and is intended for cleaning water areas of reservoirs from floating peat fields.

There is a known method of combating floating peat islands (SU No. 1312139 according to class E02B 15/00 dated 05/23/87). This method involves dismembering floating peat islands and removing them from water bodies using a floating device equipped with cutting and towing devices. As a cutting and towing device, a cable winch with a choker hook at the end of the cable, equipped with one or more anchoring crossbars fixedly fixed to the cable using leashes, is used. The towing rope is secured to the part to be separated before it is separated from the island by punching holes in the thickness of the island at a distance of the length of the crossbar lead from the intended line of separation and inserting the crossbars horizontally under the base of the detachable part. Having reached the cutting line on the opposite side, attach the choker to the cable, after which the loop is tightened by turning on the winch. Next, the winch is blocked and the separated part is towed to the shore.

The disadvantage of this method is the significant loss of peat during the process of separating part of the peat island and during its towing.

There is a known method for developing peat fields in reservoir waters and a device for implementing the method (RU No. 2444590 according to class E02B 15/00, E21C 49/00 dated 03/10/2012). The essence of the method is that peat fields floating in the water area of the reservoir are cut into blocks with side dimensions of 20×40 m using a thin water jet under a pressure of 120-150 atm and a range of 20-25 m, obtained using a hydraulic monitor installed on a floating base.

This method does not provide devices for transporting the resulting peat blocks. In this case, it is possible, for example, to transport them in floating barriers behind the traction of a tug. With such an organization of transportation, losses of peat and a decrease in the efficiency of cleaning water areas are inevitable.

Devices for extracting peat on the surface of the earth are known, for example, according to copyright certificates SU No. 1710762 according to class. E21C 49/00 dated 01/18/1990; SU No. 1684501 according to class. E21C 49/00 dated March 21, 1989, and cannot be used on reservoirs. These devices cannot be used in water areas.

A floating garbage collector is known (RU No. 2256745 according to class E02B 15/04 dated July 20, 2005). The garbage collector has a floating body, equipped with side walls placed forward along the body. A height-adjustable overflow ridge is installed at the entrance of the waste collection tank. An inclined escalator is located above the movable curtain with a drainage ridge. It is equipped with additional gear motors to move the end of the escalator in a vertical plane. To unload solid waste from the waste collection tank, a crane is attached to the cabin. The guide booms are equipped with double-sided ridges and are hinged to the floating hull on vertical pins with the possibility of their removal from the pins. The guide booms are made of articulated rigid pipes with the possibility of attaching them along the sides of the garbage picker. The garbage collector has pumps for pumping out water and oil, two tanks for ballast water and two tanks for collected oil.

The disadvantage of a floating garbage collector is its low efficiency in organizing collection and transportation work.

The problem solved by the inventions is to ensure the collection of floating peat fields from the water area of the reservoir and to eliminate the loss of collected peat during its transportation.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of cleaning reservoir waters from floating peat fields, reducing capital investments when carrying out such work, as well as eliminating losses of collected peat during its transportation.

The specified technical result of the method is achieved by separating parts of peat fields floating in the water area of the reservoir using an inclined escalator equipped with cutting elements and feeding them onto a floating base with subsequent transportation, and the device for implementing the method includes a floating base with an inclined escalator installed on it equipped with cutting elements, and the deck of the floating base is equipped with a roller conveyor for uniform distribution of peat raw materials by an inclined escalator.

The essence of the inventions is illustrated by drawings:

in fig. 1 - shows a general view of the device for collecting peat fields and their transportation in the waters of reservoirs;

in fig. 2 - side view of a device for collecting peat fields and their transportation in water areas of reservoirs.

A device for collecting peat fields and transporting them in reservoir waters includes a floating base 1 with a gear motor 5, equipped with an inclined escalator 2 made of rubberized cord tape with protruding grips 6 and cutting elements 3 for separating part of the peat field 8, a deck of the floating base 1 equipped with a roller conveyor 4 for uniform distribution of peat raw materials supplied along an inclined escalator 2.

The method of collecting peat fields and their transportation in the waters of reservoirs is carried out as follows.

The pusher tug 7 delivers the floating foundation 1 to the floating peat field 8 in the water area of the reservoir, then the operator lowers the inclined escalator 2 and pushes the floating foundation 1 into the body of the peat field 8 to separate part of the peat field with cutting elements 3. The separated part of the peat field is fed with using an inclined escalator 2 along a rubberized cord belt with protruding grips 6 and onto the deck of the floating base 1, evenly distributing it with a roller table 4, and the floating base 1 is again pushed into the body of the peat field 8 to separate its next part. After filling the deck of the floating foundation 1 with peat raw materials, it is transported behind the traction of the pusher tug 7 to the unloading site.

Example

At the Boguchansky Reservoir, pusher tug 7 of Project R-14 delivers the floating foundation of type 1 barge-platform of Project 81210 (hereinafter referred to as the platform barge), equipped with an inclined escalator 2 with cutting elements 3 to the floating peat field 8. When pushing the platform barge with a tug - a pusher 7 into the body of the peat field 8 separates a part of the peat field with cutting elements 3, then the separated part of the peat field is fed using an inclined escalator 2 along a rubberized cord belt with protruding grips 6 onto the deck of the floating base 1, evenly distributing it with a roller table 4, and the floating base 1 is again pushed into the body of the peat field 8 to separate its next part. After filling the deck of the floating base 1 of the platform barge with peat raw materials, it is transported behind the traction of the pusher tug 7 to the place of unloading and processing.

The use of this method will ensure the collection of floating peat fields from the water area of the reservoir and eliminate the loss of collected peat raw materials during its transportation, which increases the efficiency of cleaning the water areas of reservoirs.

Claims (2)

1. A device for collecting peat fields and transporting them in the waters of reservoirs, including a floating base with an inclined escalator installed on it, equipped with cutting elements, and the deck of the floating base is equipped with a roller conveyor for uniform distribution of peat raw materials by the inclined escalator. 2. A method for collecting peat fields and their transportation in reservoir waters using a device according to claim 1, including separating parts of peat fields and their subsequent transportation, characterized in that the separation of parts of a peat field is carried out using an inclined escalator installed on a floating base and equipped with cutting bodies, by pushing the floating base into the body of the peat field to separate parts of the peat field with cutting bodies and feeding parts of the peat field with an inclined escalator onto the deck of the floating base, equipped with a roller conveyor, for uniform distribution of peat raw materials and its subsequent transportation.

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