RU2805053C1 - Device for creating artificial bottom in oil and gas wells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates mainly to devices for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells. The device for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells includes a body in form of a rod with movable and fixed cylindrical mandrels, between which flexible ribs are located, forming a spatial drop-shaped folding frame, rear and front transportation plugs in form of a number of elastic cuffs, folding membrane elements located inside the formed flexible ribs of the folding frame, and an activation mechanism consisting of radially arranged spring-loaded two-arm levers that are configured to swing in longitudinal planes. The activation mechanism includes a cylindrical pusher spring-loaded using an extension spring located in the longitudinal drilling of the body with the possibility of axial movement, the rear end of which is in contact with the ends of the two-arm levers, and the front end is made in form of a conical surface transitioning into a cylindrical nozzle with a decrease in diameter, as well as dies in form of rolling elements located in radial through drillings of the device body, contacting with the surface of the pusher. The movable cylindrical mandrel has an internal circular groove with the possibility of fixing the dies in it in the axial direction in the transport position of the device, as well as with the possibility of releasing dies from it in the working position of the device. The diametrical size of dies is greater than the thickness of the device body. A compression spring is installed between the activation mechanism and the movable mandrel and coaxially with the device body.

EFFECT: increase of reliability and efficiency of the device by reducing the work required in the activation mechanism when opening the frame of flexible ribs and folding domed membranes.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, mainly to devices for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells.

A device is known for creating an auxiliary artificial bottom in a wellbore (RU 2681783 C1, published 03/12/2019, Bulletin No. 8). The device contains a body having a front end and a rear end, upper and lower collapsible expandable frames. Impermeable material is fixed to these frames. The frames are made with the possibility of folding in a transport state and expanding with the possibility of covering the cross-sectional area of the wellbore with the formation of an auxiliary bottom in the wellbore for the subsequent formation of a cement plug. In this case, the device additionally contains a movable axial element. The bases of the ribs of the lower frame are attached to it. The bases of the ribs of the upper frame are fixed to the stationary part of the body. Both frames are connected to each other by connecting links, hingedly attached to the ribs of the upper and lower frames with the possibility of opening the latter with a delay in relation to the first. The frames are made with the possibility of expansion under the action of a spring pusher located on the axis of the body and acting on the frames through a transmission mechanism. The opening of the frames and their folding fabric elements (essentially “umbrellas”) occurs when the device exits the transport pipe due to the release of the ends of the frame ribs, which are no longer held by the walls of the pipe, and under the influence of a spring pusher they occupy a working position in the wellbore. However, the stated delay in opening the front frame relative to the rear frame is negligible and does not affect the increase in the efficiency of the device. In fact, when the front frame extends beyond the edge of the transport pipe, the latter cannot be opened, since it is still held by the system of connecting rods of the transmission mechanism, but with further advancement of the device, as soon as the second hinges of the rods come out of the pipe, an unrestrained compressed spring The movable axial element “shoots” forward, and the first frame opens, almost even ahead of the opening of the second frame. In this case, the ends of the ribs of the first frame (“umbrella”) are directed in the direction of travel, and if the device is skewed after exiting the transport pipe into the wellbore, the first frame can rest with its ribs (essentially, the “spokes of the umbrella”) against the wall of the open wellbore. Although this misalignment can be partially compensated by the rod system, the first frame can stand up “by surprise” and aggravate the misalignment of the device, which is still subject to the forces of inertia and residual pressure of the transport fluid, as a result of which the cross-section of the wellbore will not be completely blocked.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention (prototype) is an expansion device for forming a cement plug (US 10167699 B2, published 01/01/2019). The device known from the closest analogue contains a body in the form of a rod with fixed and movable cylindrical mandrels coaxially located on it, on which flexible ribs are fixed at their ends, a transport plug (rear and/or front) in the form of a series of elastic cone-shaped cuffs. The flexible ribs are made primarily of spring steel, and in the transport position of the device they have minimal curvature, which allows the entire device to be placed in an auxiliary tubular casing for installation at the wellhead. Folded dome elements (membranes) made of durable, waterproof fabric are attached to flexible ribs. In the tail part of the device there is an expansion activation mechanism, including spring-loaded trigger elements in the form of folding double-armed levers, and a fastening element in the form of a sleeve, which partially covers the involuntary flexible ribs at the points where their ends are attached to the movable cylindrical mandrel and prevents the expansion of the flexible ribs with those attached to them. dome elements (or membranes). The described device is delivered through a transport pipe with the help of an injected liquid to the installation site of the cement plug, where, upon exiting the transport pipe, the activation mechanism is triggered, releasing the pre-constrained flexible ribs, which, under the influence of their own spring properties, acquire maximum curvature, pressing against the walls of the wellbore and opening when These are dome elements (membranes). The latter block the lumen of the wellbore, creating a temporary bottom of the well. The disadvantages of the technical solution known from the closest analogue include the unsatisfactory operation of the activation mechanism, which involves forcefully “pulling” the fastening element in the form of a sleeve from the flexible ribs folded in the transport position without the use of servomechanical or trigger devices that reduce the effort when activating the device, which reduces reliability the entire structure.

The objective of the claimed invention is to develop a device for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells, as well as to increase the operational reliability of the device.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the device by reducing the effort in the activation mechanism when opening the frame of flexible ribs and folding dome-shaped membranes.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells includes a body in the form of a rod with movable and stationary cylindrical mandrels, between which there are flexible ribs forming a spatial teardrop-shaped folding frame, rear and front transport plugs in the form of a series of elastic cuffs, folding membrane elements located inside a folding frame formed by flexible ribs, and an activation mechanism consisting of radially located spring-loaded double-armed levers that can swing in longitudinal planes; the activation mechanism includes a pusher located in the longitudinal drilling of the body with the possibility of axial movement, spring-loaded by an extension spring cylindrical in shape, the rear end of which is in contact with the ends of the double-arm levers, and the front end is made in the form of a conical surface with a transition to a cylindrical nose with a decrease in diameter, as well as crackers in the form of rolling bodies located in the through radial drillings of the device body, in contact with the surface pusher. In addition, the movable cylindrical mandrel has an internal annular groove. At the same time, the diametric size of the crackers is greater than the wall thickness of the device body. And finally, between the activation mechanism and the movable mandrel, a compression spring is installed counter-arguably and coaxially with the housing.

The invention will be more clear from the description, which is not restrictive and is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 - diagram of the device in an activated (working) state after exiting the transport pipe,

Fig. 2 - view "A" in FIG. 1 in zoom scale,

Fig. 3 - rotated section "B-B" in Fig. 2 (activation mechanism in the operating position of the device),

Fig. 4 - rotated section "B-B" in Fig. 2 (activation mechanism in the transport position of the device),

Fig. 5 - view "B" in FIG. 3 in zoom scale,

Fig. 6 - view "G" in FIG. 4 in zoom scale,

where 1 - body;

2 - fixed mandrel;

3 - movable mandrel;

4 - flexible ribs;

5 - dome-shaped membranes;

6 - rear transport plug;

7 - front transport plug;

8 - transport pipe;

9 - activation mechanism;

10 - compression spring,

11 - double-arm levers;

12 - mechanism body;

13 - tail part of the hull;

14 - pusher;

15 - axis;

16 - extension spring;

17 - cracker.

A device for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells contains a housing 1 in the form of a rod on which a fixed 2 and movable 3 mandrels are located. The ends of the flexible ribs 4 are fixed in them, which in the free state form a drop-shaped spatial frame (Fig. 1). Flexible ribs 4 have a rounded cross-section and thickenings at the ends to relieve stress during bending, and are also made of composite materials with reinforcement, for example, steel wire. Inside the frame there are folding dome-shaped membranes 5, at least two in number, each of which is attached with its peripheral part to flexible ribs 4, and the top of the dome to the body 1, while structurally the tops of the domes can be directed either towards each other or in one direction - in the direction of movement of the device. The number of membranes depends on the reliability of the process of filling with cement mixture; the probability of cement mortar passing through two cuffs is less than one, while each subsequent membrane insures the previous one. To deliver the device to a given well interval, a rear transport plug 6 is used, which is a series of cone-shaped elastic cuffs connected in series. The front plug 7 is similar in design to the rear transportation plug 6 and has a duplicate purpose, being at the same time the centralizer of the device during transportation in the pipe 8. The activation mechanism 9 is designed to transfer the device from the transport position to the working one. Between the activation mechanism 9 and the movable mandrel 3 there is a compression spring 10 placed on the housing 1. The activation mechanism 9 includes radially located two-arm levers 11 installed in the eyes of the housing of the mechanism 12 (Fig. 2), as well as the tail part of the housing 13. Located in longitudinal drilling of the housing 1, the pusher 14 (Fig. 3) is made in the form of a rod having an enlarged neck, to the end of which double-armed levers 11 are constantly pressed. The levers 11 are mounted on axles 15 with the ability to swing each in its own longitudinal plane. In the shank of the pusher 14 there is a radial hole for connection with the hook of the tension spring 16, which is secured with a second hook in the tail part of the body 13. The nose of the pusher 14 is made in the form of a conical transition to a cylindrical section with a decreasing diameter. In the housing 1 there are radial holes with embedded crackers 17, for example, in the form of rolling bodies, for example, balls or cylinders, or other similar shapes, which in the operating position of the device do not protrude beyond the walls of the housing 1 (Fig. 3), but in the transport position position of the device - protrude (Fig. 6), while the groove "D" in the movable mandrel 3 serves to fix the latter in the axial direction in the transport position of the device. The groove "D" can be made circular. The diametrical overall size of the crackers 17 is greater than the thickness of the device body.

A device for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells works as follows. In the transport position (not shown in the figures), the device is placed in the transport pipe 8, for example, in the tubing, while the frame of flexible ribs 4 and dome-shaped membranes 5 are folded, and the activation mechanism 9 is in the “cocked” state (Figs. 4 and 6 ). To “cock” the mechanism, the movable mandrel 3 is retracted, compressing the spring 10 until the groove “D” is opposite the radially located crackers 17, which are still recessed into the holes in the wall of the housing 1, while the frame is made of flexible ribs 4 and dome-shaped membranes 5 are folded. At the same time, the double-armed levers 11 are brought together from the periphery to the center, while the pusher 14 moves forward, overcoming the resistance of the spring 16 and pushing the crackers 17 outward with its conical part, into the groove “D” of the movable mandrel 3 (Fig. 6). Thus, the activation mechanism is “cocked”, and the entire device is ready for transportation. Next, with the help of injected liquid and transport plugs 6 and 8, the device moves along the transport pipe 8 to the interval where the artificial bottom of the well is installed. At the moment the device exits the transport pipe 8 into the open borehole (Fig. 1), the activation mechanism 9 is triggered: the spring-loaded double-armed levers 11, no longer held by the walls of the pipe 8, rotate around the axes 15, without preventing the pusher 14 located in the channel from moving backwards. which is acted by a tension spring 16, fixed in the tail part of the housing 13 (Fig. 3). In this case, the crackers 17 are recessed in the holes of the body 1, touching the nose of the pusher (Fig. 5) and releasing, without additional effort, the movable mandrel 3, which, under the action of the compression spring 10, slides along the body 1, approaching the fixed mandrel 2 and forcing the flexible ribs 4 to change its curvature. As a result, the spatial frame of flexible ribs 4 straightens out (Fig. 1), simultaneously opening the dome-shaped membranes 5 folded inside the frame, which cover the cross-section of the wellbore and thereby create an artificial bottom of the well.

Thus, the present invention makes it possible to obtain a device for installing an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells, which increases the reliability and efficiency of operation. The device has a fairly simple design, and the technology for working with it is easily feasible. The invention has been described above with reference to a specific embodiment thereof. Other embodiments of the invention may be obvious to those skilled in the art but do not change its essence as disclosed in the present description.

Claims (1)

A device for creating an artificial bottom in oil and gas wells, including a body in the form of a rod with movable and fixed cylindrical mandrels, between which there are flexible ribs forming a spatial teardrop-shaped folding frame, rear and front transportation plugs in the form of a series of elastic cuffs, folding membrane elements located inside formed by flexible ribs of a folding frame, and an activation mechanism consisting of radially located spring-loaded double-armed levers that can swing in longitudinal planes, characterized in that the activation mechanism includes a cylindrical pusher located in the longitudinal drilling of the housing with the possibility of axial movement, spring-loaded with an extension spring, rear the end of which is in contact with the ends of the double-arm levers, and the front end is made in the form of a conical surface with a transition to a cylindrical nose with a decrease in diameter, as well as crackers located in the through radial drillings of the device body in the form of rolling bodies, in contact with the surface of the pusher, while The movable cylindrical mandrel has an internal annular groove with the possibility of fixing crackers in it in the axial direction in the transport position of the device, as well as with the possibility of releasing the crackers from it in the working position of the device, the diametric size of the crackers is greater than the thickness of the device body, it is installed in a space between the activation mechanism and the movable mandrel and a compression spring coaxial with the device body.