RU2805018C1 - Forest fire ground-thrower and strip-layer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry engineering.

SUBSTANCE: soil thrower-strip-laying device containing a frame with a coupling device, a soil-throwing drum with blades, guide screens, a hydraulic drive, a tillage bracket with a safety hydraulic cylinder, a soil tray having a variable slope - larger in the front part and smaller in the rear part, and the pallet, the soil-throwing drum is additionally equipped with front chopping and rear support spokes, while the soil-cultivating bracket and the soil tray are made with the ability to cut, lift and feed a layer of soil into the inner part of the soil-throwing drum, made with the ability to rotate and carry out the intake and throwing of soil blades, and the front chopping spokes of the soil-throwing drum have a triangular cross-section and are equipped with removable overhead knives, with the apex of the triangle of the front chopping spokes facing inside the soil-throwing drum; in addition, the guide screens and the pallet are designed to form a single smooth guide surface enabling formation of a soil flow.

EFFECT: ability to work in conditions of forest and rocky soils and lay soil directly at the edge of the fire with minimal scattering and spraying.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to forestry engineering, in particular, to technical means for laying fire-fighting mineralized strips and extinguishing forest ground fires with soil.

A fire ground thrower-strip-laying machine is known (RF Patent No. 2496540; MPK A62S 27/00; publ. 10.27.2013), containing a frame, an attachment, two spherical disks or a left-handing and right-turning blade-moldboard body, a cutter-thrower, a cutter drive - thrower, guide casing.

The disadvantages of this fire-striping soil thrower include the fact that the soil moves towards the edge of the fire in a dispersed state, and is not laid in the fire zone in a thickness sufficient to completely extinguish it; the laying of continuous fire-fighting mineralized strips of the required width is not ensured; There are no effective safety mechanisms, which prevents the cutter-thrower from working on dense and cohesive soils containing roots of trees and shrubs and turf of herbaceous vegetation.

A fire ground thrower-strip-laying machine is known (RF Patent No. 2541987; IPC E02F 3/18; publ. 02/20/2015), containing a frame with a linkage mechanism, front and rear cutters-throwers with blades, guide plates, and a hydraulic drive. In the front part of the implement there is an auger and a ripping arm equipped with a knife and an extension spring. Spherical disks are installed in front of the throwing cutters. The drive of the cutter-throwers is carried out from hydraulic motors, and an external hydraulic cylinder is provided to rotate the cutter-throwers together with the guide plates. Accepted as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the specified fire ground thrower-strip layer include the fact that the directional laying of soil directly into the fire edge zone is carried out mainly through the use of guide plates, the impact interaction of the soil with which causes its spraying, as well as the need to use two independent cutter-throwers, which significantly complicates the design and increases the weight of the gun. In addition, cutters-throwers, due to high rotation speeds, are subject to increased dynamic loads when encountering rocky and woody inclusions.

The objective of the invention is to develop a design for a forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying device, designed to work in conditions of forest and rocky soils and allowing soil to be laid directly at the edge of the fire with minimal scattering and spraying.

This is achieved by the fact that a forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying device containing a frame with a coupling device, a soil-throwing drum with blades, guide screens, a hydraulic drive, according to the invention, additionally contains a soil-cultivating bracket with a safety hydraulic cylinder, a soil trench having a variable slope - larger in the front part and smaller in the rear part, and the pallet, the soil-throwing drum is additionally equipped with front chopping and rear support spokes, while the soil-cultivating bracket and the soil trench are configured to cut, lift and feed a layer of soil into the inner part of the soil-throwing drum, made with the ability to rotate and carry out the intake and throwing soil with blades, and the front chopping spokes of the soil-throwing drum have a triangular cross-section and are equipped with removable overhead knives, with the apex of the triangle of the front chopping spokes facing inside the soil-throwing drum, in addition, the guide screens and the pallet are designed to form a single smooth guiding surface, allowing the formation of soil flow .

In fig. Figure 1 shows a general view of a forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying machine in isometry; in fig. 2 – soil-throwing drum of a forest fire soil-thrower; in fig. 3 – guide screens of the forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying machine in various positions: a – transport; b – intermediate; in – raised; in fig. 4 – the process of throwing soil with a forest fire soil thrower-strip-layer.

The forest fire soil-thrower-strip-layer contains a frame 2 with a coupling device 1 and support skids 3, a soil-cultivating bracket 4 with a safety hydraulic cylinder 5, a soil chute 6 having a variable slope - larger in the front part and smaller in the rear part, a soil-throwing drum 7 equipped with blades 8 , front chopping 9 and rear supporting 10 spokes, a pallet 11, guide screens 12, a hydraulic motor 13 with a protective casing 14 for driving the soil-throwing drum 7. The front chopping spokes 9 of the soil-throwing drum 7 have a triangular cross-section and are equipped with removable overhead knives (not shown in Fig. ) for cutting a root-saturated soil layer, with the apex of the triangle of the front chopping spokes 9 facing inside the soil-throwing drum 7 for more efficient supply of fragments of the soil layer into the soil-throwing drum 7. The guide screens 12 and the pallet 11 are designed to form a single smooth guide surface, allowing the formation of soil flow .

The forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying machine works as follows.

Before starting work, the operator adjusts the installation angles of the guide screens 12 and the blades 8 of the soil-throwing drum 7. After that, using the coupling device 1, he lowers the forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying device onto the support skis 3, and the machine-tractor unit begins to move.

During operation, the tillage bracket 4 cuts off the soil layer, after which it begins to rise along the soil trench 6, while the variable slope of the soil trench 6 allows for intensive loosening of the soil layer due to tensile deformations at the point of its inflection. Once at the edge of the soil trench 6, the soil layer is subjected to additional loosening due to its cutting by the front chopping spokes 9 of the soil-throwing drum 7, while the triangular cross-section of the front chopping spokes 9 allows the soil layer to be crushed with the least effort, while simultaneously throwing its particles inside the soil-throwing drum 7. Blades 8 of the soil-throwing drum 7 capture soil from the pallet 11 and throw it towards the fire. In this case, the flight range of the soil flow depends on the rotation speed of the soil-throwing drum 7, the angle of inclination of the blades 8, their shape and the properties of the soil.

To form the flow of soil, guide screens 12 are additionally used. Depending on the direction of rotation of the soil-throwing drum 7, one guide screen 12 remains lowered, developing the guide surface of the pallet 11, and the second one rises up, developing the guide surface of the lowered guide screen 12. It is also possible that the guide is not fully raised screen 12 (intermediate position, Fig. 3). In this case, the direction of flight of the soil changes and it is laid in close proximity to the forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying machine.

When encountering intra-soil obstacles, the soil-cultivating bracket 4 leans back, allowing the forest fire soil-thrower-strip-layer to overcome the obstacle, after which the safety hydraulic cylinder 5 returns the soil-cultivating bracket 4 to its working position.

This design of the proposed forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying device allows it to be used in conditions of forest and rocky soils, laying soil directly at the edge of the fire with minimal scattering and spraying.

Claims (1)

Forest fire soil-thrower-strip-laying device, containing a frame with a coupling device, a soil-throwing drum with blades, guide screens, a hydraulic drive, characterized in that it additionally contains a soil-cultivating bracket with a safety hydraulic cylinder, a soil trench having a variable slope - larger in the front part and smaller in the rear part , and the pallet, the soil-throwing drum is additionally equipped with front chopping and rear support spokes, while the soil-cultivating bracket and the soil trench are made with the ability to cut, lift and feed a layer of soil into the inner part of the soil-throwing drum, made with the ability to rotate and collect and throw soil with blades, and the front chopping spokes of the soil-throwing drum have a triangular cross-section and are equipped with removable overhead knives, with the apex of the triangle of the front chopping spokes facing inside the soil-throwing drum; in addition, the guide screens and the tray are designed to form a single smooth guide surface, allowing the formation of a soil flow.