RU2804564C1 - Device for automatic uncoupling of cars in a rotary car dumper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: unloading devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rotary car dumpers. The car dumper contains a rotor and a cradle with a receiving platform. The platform is assembled from movable and fixed parts. The cradle contains cylindrical sockets for installing actuators-cylinders. The movable part of the platform structure is installed on the cylinder rods.

EFFECT: simplified uncoupling of cars in the car dumper.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The device relates to railway transport and is intended for automatic uncoupling of cars directly in the rotor of the car dumper (v/o). Despite the large number of inventions on devices for uncoupling railway cars on the way of pushing cars into the rotor of the railway, uncoupling is done manually by a working uncoupler. The uncoupler performs the work of uncoupling cars in the interior of the railway station, moves along the railway station platform from the entrance to the exit and back, alternately uncoupling either an empty car at the exit or a loaded car at the entrance to the railway station. The railway driver, who monitors the unloading of cars and controls the pusher, at the moment of uncoupling the cars, is in relation to the uncoupler on the opposite side of the car and does not see the uncoupler. Thus, the uncoupler performs the work of uncoupling cars inside the rotor of the air conditioner uncontrollably in conditions of increased danger from a safety point of view (HS) and unfavorable environmental conditions (coal dust, drafts). The absence of actually working uncoupling devices for feeding cars into the rotor of the railway is obviously due to the fact that the authors of the proposed inventions do not fully take into account all the real conditions of the automatic coupler on the railway. cars during their operation and possible malfunctions: the release lever is missing or bent, the chain is missing or broken, its length does not correspond to the norm, the shape of the counterweight of the roller and its position, jamming or falling out of the lock roller, jamming of the lock itself, dirt and snow getting inside the automatic coupler body , ice formation, wear of the automatic couplers themselves. Simple mechanical automatic release devices will not provide reliable release. Devices with optical guidance and search for the uncoupling unit, controlled by an electronic computing unit, and robotic devices are unlikely to be able to evaluate all possible states of the automatic coupler. Robotic devices are complex in design and expensive to operate. Their maintenance requires highly qualified personnel. To uncouple cars at the airport, two devices are required. Uncoupling occurs at two points in/out, at the junction of the railway. track and rotor on the supply side of loaded cars and at the exit of an empty car at the junction of the outgoing railway. paths and rotor in/out. (unless the release robot wants to run around the service area from one end of the rotor to the other and back.)

The purpose of the present proposed invention is a simple and reliable device for uncoupling railways. wagons directly in the rotor of the wagons and eliminate the dangerous manual labor of the wagon uncoupler. The proposed invention is based on the ability of automatic couplers to move vertically relative to each other of two adjacent couplers until they are completely released. This property of the automatic coupler was used in a, c, 1615002, authors N.I. Tolstopyatoe, V.E. Nikitin and L.I. Voznesensky “Device for automatic uncoupling of moving cars.” The use of this invention in a military environment will require two such devices, because one car uncoupling is located on the side where loaded cars enter the rotor, the other is on the side where empty cars leave the rotor. The use of two devices leads to additional material costs and maintenance during operation. The use of 2 devices will also require a change in the usual technological scheme for supplying cars, supply from the side of loaded cars to pulling from the side of empty cars, because After uncoupling the loaded car in front of the auxiliary station, it must be inserted into the auxiliary station rotor. If the coupling is not blocked in the disengaged state (which is the case in practice), then further pushing it into the rotor will lead to coupling of the cars.

On the website (https://mashxxl.info/page/253193245162250181164091130124190093031184010007/)

Encyclopedia of mechanical engineering XXL. Equipment..., Section 4. Special purpose machines and devices. Chapter 17. Machines for unloading open cars. 1.

Car dumpers.

The encyclopedia on pages 391-393 provides a detailed description of the operation and device of the water supply, Fig. 210 - accepted as a prototype. In Fig. Figure 1 shows the main structural components taken from the encyclopedia.

In Fig. 1 schematically shows the end view of the water supply. 1 - rotor, is a welded metal structure supported by roller bearings, and in which all the auxiliary units are mounted. 2 - a cradle in which the receiving rail platform - 3 (hereinafter referred to as the platform) is installed on racks using an articulated lever mechanism. The main disadvantage of the AC is the design of the platform, which does not allow decoupling directly in the AC rotor. In Fig. Figure 2 schematically shows the proposed platform design with the ability to automatically uncouple cars directly in the rotor. The device is a prefabricated structure and consists of two parts - structures, fixed - 1 and movable - 3 Fig. 2. Fixed structure - 1 Fig. 2 is installed in the cradle - 2 Fig. 1 to replace the previous platform - 3 Fig. 1. The fastening of the structure - 1 is similar to the fastening of the previous platform on the articulated lever mechanism - 4, Fig. 1. Fixed structure - 1. Fig. 2 has welded cylindrical sockets - 2, into which the hydraulic actuator is installed (or pneumatic cylinders - 4. A movable structure - 3 is installed on the rods - 5 of the cylinders, which is the receiving platform. The number of working cylinders can be 4 - 6 - 8, depending on the overall dimensions of the rotor and its load capacity.

Venues - 6 Fig. 2 are an integral part of the structure - 1 and represent a single whole with it, serve to place on them the first axles of the wheels of cars coupled with the car being unloaded, because The length of the rotor is greater than the length of the car being unloaded, then the car following the car being unloaded partially enters the rotor. Platforms - 6 also serve to coordinate the staging dimensions of different cars, when cars of different carrying capacity, for example, cars with a carrying capacity of 62 tons, are unloaded by one station. and 93 tons. Coordination is carried out due to the distance between the axles of the first wheels of the coupled cars and the length of the moving platform - 3 and the dimensions of the platforms - 6. Dimensions L, S, d design dimensions depend on the purpose and purpose of the vehicle and the carrying capacity of the cars. Uncoupling and unloading of cars at the airport with a receiving platform Fig. 2 happens as follows. In the initial state, platform 3 is in the lower position. When work begins, the driver raises the platform by supplying the working medium into the cylinders, aligns the rail heads of the movable platform - 3 and platform - 6 with the rails of the railway track. Then, with the help of a remote-controlled electric pusher, the driver inserts the loaded car into the rotor and places the car to be unloaded in the center of the platform - 3, giving a command to relieve the pressure of the working medium in the cylinders. The working environment is displaced under the weight of the car, the platform - 3 with the car is smoothly lowered and rests on the structure - 1, and the cars are uncoupled. The uncoupled loaded cars are pulled out of the rotor by the driver using an electric pusher. The driver begins to unload the first car in a known order (according to the work instructions). Note: the rotor rotates around its horizontal axis by 170 -175 degrees. Upon completion of unloading and cleaning of the cars, the rotor returns to its original position. The driver turns on the supply of working fluid to the cylinders. Under the pressure of the working environment, the platform rises and the unloaded car takes its original position. There is one uncoupling-unloading cycle, let's move on to the next. The driver feeds a second loaded car into the rotor, which couples with the empty one and pushes the latter out of the rotor. The loaded car is installed in the center of platform - 3. The driver gives a command to relieve the pressure of the working medium in the cylinders. Platform - 3, together with the car, smoothly lowers as in the first case. The unloaded wagon is uncoupled from the empty wagon and the loaded wagons following it. The empty car “voluntarily” rolls down the inclined outflow railway. way or is pushed out from the outlet by an undercar pneumatic pusher. Loaded wagons are pulled away as in the first case. The driver begins to unload the second car. Upon completion of unloading of the car, the high-pressure rotor takes its original position, the driver gives a command to supply the working medium to the cylinders, under the pressure of the working medium the cylinders raise platform - 3, the empty car takes its original position. The second uncoupling-unloading cycle has ended. So, cycle by cycle, all railways are unloaded. carriages of the train without the participation of an uncoupler.

1. AS 1615002, authors N.I. Tolstopyatoe, V.E. Nikitin and L.I. Voznesensky “Device for automatic uncoupling of moving cars.”

2. Encyclopedia of mechanical engineering XXL. Equipment..., Section 4. Special purpose machines and devices. Chapter 17. Machines for unloading open cars. 1. Car dumpers. pp. 391-393, Fig. 210 - prototype.

On the website (https://mashxxl.info/page/253193245162250181164091130124190093031184010007/)

Claims (1)

A car dumper containing a rotor, a cradle in which a receiving platform is located, characterized in that the receiving platform is made in the form of a prefabricated structure consisting of two parts - movable and fixed, which is installed in the cradle and has welded cylindrical sockets for installing actuators-cylinders, on the rods of which the moving part of the platform structure is installed.

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