RU2804523C1 - Device and method for controlled growth of crystals during freezing process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: freezing organic objects.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to freezing a biological sample. A system (200) for controlled freezing of an organic object, comprising a chamber (220) for freezing, wherein the system (200) further contains or is connected to a device (100) designed for the controlled growth of ice crystals within the organic object during freezing and containing at least one emitter (110) for generating magnetic fields for the entire volume of the freezer, control unit (140), power source (130) and modulator (120). The control unit (140) causes a plurality of types of magnetic fields to be cyclically emitted by at least one emitter (110), and the magnetic fields are at least one of the following: an alternating bidirectional magnetic field, an alternating unidirectional magnetic field, and/or an alternating pseudo-rotating magnetic field with pulse frequency modulation. The control unit (140) determines for each type of magnetic field the carrier frequency, modulation frequency, modulation limits and duty cycle, and sets them using a signal generator and power supply (130). The system (200) is used in a method of influencing and controlling the formation and growth of ice crystals during the freezing process of an organic object, such as a food product, a biological sample, a liquid containing water, and/or a colloid.

EFFECT: proposed system for controlled freezing of an organic object allows us to ensure the integrity of the cell wall of the frozen biological sample, eliminate protein dehydration, lipid oxidation and ice sublimation.

13 cl, 5 dwg, 1 ex

Description

Technical field

This invention relates to a device for the controlled growth of crystals inside organic objects, for example, when freezing food.

The invention also relates to a method for controlling the creation and growth of ice crystals within frozen objects during the freezing of food, biological samples, aqueous liquids and colloidal solutions.

Prior Art

Freezing is widely used to extend the shelf life of, for example, food products. During the freezing process, the liquid turns into a solid phase; most liquids freeze during the crystallization process. Freezing changes the structure of the product so that when the product is thawed, its structure is different from its pre-freezing form.

Some freezing devices and methods operate by applying a static magnetic field (eg, the Earth's magnetic field) in combination with an oscillating electric field and/or an oscillating magnetic field.

Some published patent applications or patents disclose embodiments including permanent magnets and magnetic coils in combination with other devices. At the same time, the mechanisms explaining the expected improvements, in some cases, “do not agree with basic biophysics” (Kobayashi and Kruchivnik. 2014. Ferromagnetic model of the action of electric and magnetic fields in cryopreservation. Cryobiology; volume 68, issue 2).

Moreover, some freezing devices and methods do not solve, for example, the following problems that degrade the quality of frozen foods: needle-shaped ice crystals forming along the Earth's magnetic field lines; exponential growth of large crystals that can puncture and destroy cell walls; displacement of salt ions into the intercellular space, causing protein dehydration; the appearance of microscopic holes inside a frozen product as a result of sublimation of ice, which leads to lipid oxidation.

When an electric field is applied to an object during the freezing process, electrons are transferred to water molecules and oxygen molecules, which become water with an extra electron (H2Oe) or superoxide anion (O2-) and produce hydroxyl radicals, which can destroy cell membranes.

An electric field can even be created by the friction of cold air flows inside the freezer.

Short description

The object of the present invention is to provide controlled growth of ice crystals in an organic object during the freezing process. Objects of the present invention are achieved by means of an apparatus and method for controlling the growth of ice crystals during freezing.

According to another aspect, an apparatus for controlled growth of ice crystals during freezing is provided. The device includes at least one emitter, a control unit, a power source and a modulator, in which the control unit causes the emission of a plurality of types of magnetic fields by at least one emitter in a cyclic manner, and the control unit determines for each type of magnetic field included in the plurality of types magnetic fields: carrier frequency, modulation frequency, modulation limits and duty cycle, and sets them using a signal generator and power supply; and wherein the strength of the plurality of types of magnetic fields is determined by adjusting the output voltage provided by the power supply.

According to a further aspect, a system is provided including a camera and further including or combined with the above-mentioned device.

In accordance with a further aspect, there is provided a method of influencing and controlling the nucleation and growth of crystals during the freezing process of an organic object, where the organic object includes at least one of: food products, biological samples, aqueous liquids and/or colloids, the method comprising placing the organic object in camera of the above system.

List of illustrations

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, in which:

Rice. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the device.

Rice. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a freezer compartment device.

Rice. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of freezing an organic object using the device.

Rice. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a computing device.

Rice. 5 illustrates an example of salmon frozen using the present invention.

Description

The following embodiments are examples. Although a specification may refer to one or "some" embodiment(s) in multiple places in the text, this does not necessarily mean that each reference is made to the same embodiment(s) or that a particular feature applies to only one embodiment. Individual features of various embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments.

Organic objects can be frozen for a variety of reasons. However, most objects form atoms and/or molecules form a structure known as a crystal. An ice crystal can be understood as a form of such a crystal. The crystallization process can consist of two stages. The first step may be nucleation, which involves the emergence of a crystalline phase from a supercooled liquid. Supercooling can be understood as the cooling of a liquid to a temperature below freezing without the liquid becoming a solid. The second stage may be crystal growth, which involves an increase in particle size and leads to a crystalline state.

Organic objects to be frozen have cells, and the cells can have different structures. The cell structure may contain, for example, a nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membranes. The cell substance can be a colloidal system containing complex organic substances such as proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as water and inorganic salts. Cytoplasm may make up the majority of cellular matter. When an organic object is subjected to freezing, the formation of ice crystals may occur within the organic object.

If a colloidal solution is subjected to a constant magnetic field and cooled to the crystallization temperature, the crystals resulting from the crystallization process may become needle-shaped. An example of a constant magnetic field is the Earth's magnetic field. In general, a constant magnetic field can be understood as a magnetic field that remains constant. Crystals can additionally form along magnetic field lines. Thus, crystals that have gained a large surface area due to, for example, random entropy fluctuations can gain a growth rate proportionally higher than crystals with a smaller surface area.

This can cause larger crystals to grow exponentially relative to smaller ones. For example, a high freezing rate can produce more crystal seeds—small crystals that can grow into a larger crystal. However, fluctuations that cause accelerated development of some crystal nuclei can lead to significant unevenness in their size distribution. Some crystals may gain radical advantages in their growth and thus form long needles, while the vast majority of crystalline nuclei lag behind and their total mass remains quite negligible. In such a case, it would be useful to be able to prevent the growth of larger crystals.

Various factors can influence the formation of ice crystals within an organic object. For example, the following five ice crystal growth factors can cause, individually or in any combination, changes in the structure of organic objects as they freeze:

1. The Earth's constant magnetic field or other constant magnetic field that is present during the freezing process can lead to a predominance of crystals in the form of ice needles growing in the direction of the constant magnetic field lines.

2. The rate of crystal growth may depend on its surface area. Accordingly, the growth rate of crystals that happen to be ahead in their growth can increase exponentially, which can result in the bulk of the frozen water mass being concentrated primarily in the largest crystals - that is, crystal needles. As they grow, large crystals can puncture the walls of one or more cells, thereby destroying them. Then, with their parallel faces matched in spaces, the different crystals can grow into one large crystal containing many interconnected crystal needles. As the cell walls are punctured during thawing, the cellular fluid of the destroyed cells can leak out, resulting in a loss of weight and quality of the organic object that has been frozen.

3. The process of freezing intracellular water and water outside cells involves the displacement of foreign substances, such as salt ions and other solutes, from the crystallization front. Therefore, during the freezing process, ice containing clear distilled water can form. Meanwhile, the remaining unfrozen water can become a saturated saline solution. Consequently, a saturated salt solution, both within and between cells, can irreversibly dehydrate the organic molecules of an organic object existing as hydrates. Therefore, a saturated salt solution can lead to dehydration due to its highly hydrophilic behavior.

4. During storage of a frozen organic item, evaporation of ice may occur, causing the frozen organic item to lose weight. Since a constant magnetic field can result in the formation of needle crystals that pierce cell walls and fuse into one porous crystal the size of a frozen object, sublimation of such ice can result in microscopic holes in the mass of the frozen organic object, extending as microchannels into the center of the frozen organic object . Oxygen can then penetrate into such holes, causing oxidation and deterioration of the frozen organic object. This process can be suppressed by covering objects with an ice crust or glaze. However, the thin layer of glaze is brittle and not elastic. During handling, sorting, shipping and other handling of a frozen organic item, the glaze may crack, allowing oxygen to enter and oxidize the frozen organic item.

5. When an electric field is applied to an object during the freezing process, water molecules and oxygen molecules gain electrons, becoming electron-added water (H2Oe) or superoxide anion (O2-) and producing hydroxyl radicals, which can destroy cell membranes. It should be noted that also the friction of the cold air flows that are inside the freezer can cause an electric field.

The organic object that may be subject to ice crystal growth during freezing may be a food, a beverage (with one or more of its ingredients); plant and its fruit; biological fluid; food product containing live bacteria; organs and tissues of an animal or human; a living cell of animal, plant, bacterial or fungal origin; microbiota; and aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic process fluids. It is desirable that the chemical and physical properties of the organic object can be preserved during freezing and thawing. Such preservation can be achieved, for example, by controlling the formation of ice crystals within the organic object that is to be frozen.

Alternating magnetic waves generate mechanical elastic waves inside an organic object by exciting mechanical vibrations of ions. Such an alternating magnetic field causes the generation of mechanical waves in the mass of an organic object that must be frozen.

A permanent magnetic field in a frozen object can be caused by permanent magnets or devices containing permanent magnets, such as electric motors, for example, and the Earth's permanent magnetic field. To eliminate the influence of constant magnetic fields, the power of the alternating magnetic field must be at least five times higher.

Thanks to the mechanical vibrations created by the alternating pulsed magnetic field inside the freezing object, it is possible to prevent the transition of water in the liquid phase to a supercooled state, which allows the freezing process to occur in a controlled and gradual manner, cyclically repeating from the surface to the center of the freezing organic object. This may be regardless of the temperature of the refrigerant in the freezer.

The use of a magnetic field with a rotating effect can lead to the displacement of ions within the range of liquid water, and to the generation of a local current loop - that is, the movement of charged particles that are subject to the Ettingshausen effect, which generates a temperature gradient, the intensity of which, in turn, can be controlled amplitude of the magnetic field strength. This can lead to a change in the level of the temperature gradient, and hence the amount of salt ions drawn into the crystal through the crystallization front or pushed out of it.

Therefore, it is useful to have a device that generates an alternating magnetic field that causes mechanical elastic waves in an object. The device can thereby prevent the effects of electric and static magnetic fields on growing crystals.

Rice. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a device 100 that can be used for controlled freezing of an organic object. The device includes a control unit, CU, 140, which may be a digital control unit. The CU 140 may further comprise or be connected to a power supply 130, which may be regulated and supplied from a DC or AC source, a modulator 120, which may be a built-in modulator, and an emitter 110.

The power supply 130 can provide constant and/or pulsating voltage at a specified frequency. This frequency may be determined by the CU 140. It should be noted that in some alternative exemplary embodiments the number of converters may be greater than one. The CU 140 may additionally contain or be connected to a digital signal generator. The CU 140 can be configured to connect to a wired or wireless network. CU 140 may receive input via a wired or wireless network and, additionally or alternatively, from a control panel 160 that includes a user interface.

The emitter 110 in this exemplary embodiment is connected to the CU 140 by electrical wires to transmit a signal. The emitter 110 may be of any closed contour shape, such as rectangular, polygonal, or circular, or may be in the form of multiple rectangles or disks placed inside each other and arranged in 3D space in such a way as to provide equal amplitude of magnetic and magnetic fields with a given accuracy throughout the volume of the freezer where frozen foods are placed. In other words, there may be an emitter that contains one or more other emitters within it. In some exemplary embodiments, there may be one, two, or more windings of copper, aluminum, or silver wire having 10 or more turns connected to the CU 140 located within the emitter 110. The emitter 110 in this exemplary embodiment may be fabricated using any non-magnetic material. In some exemplary embodiments, the emitter 110 may have a mobile design for ease of loading and maintenance.

The amplitude of the signals transmitted by the CU 140 may be determined using one or more algorithms to calculate a superposition of fields based on the size and position of the emitter 110, which is used to generate fields of similar strength with a given accuracy and intensity, which in this exemplary embodiment may be five to ten times higher than the DC magnetic field strength measured at the site in which the device 100 is located. The algorithms may be executed by a computing device that may be included in or coupled to the device 100.

In this exemplary embodiment, to produce multiple crystal seeds during freezing within an organic object, the CU 110 may cause the emitter 110 to emit an alternating pulsed magnetic field in the infrasonic, sonic, and ultrasonic frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 12 MHz that interacts with salt ions and organic molecules containing metal ions, and do not interact with water molecules, since they are both diamagnetic and dielectric. This can nucleate ice crystals with ions inside, thereby reducing the saturation level of the brine formed when at least some of the water has already taken crystalline form during freezing.

A magnetic field with a rotating effect can be created by an alternating magnetic field or a pseudo-rotating magnetic field. If an alternating magnetic field is used, the amplitude of the field is more important than the vector direction of the field in generating energy fluctuations. To remove the influence of the Earth's permanent magnetic field (or other permanent magnetic fields), in this exemplary embodiment, the CU 140 emits an alternating magnetic field with an amplitude of at least five times the amplitude of the permanent magnetic field. It should be noted that the amount of permanent magnetic field to be removed depends on the presence of iron ore or other magnetic anomalies, large metal magnetized objects and/or permanent magnets in the vicinity. The pseudo-rotation of the magnetic field can be controlled, in this exemplary embodiment, by frequency modulation of the pulse width signal. The modulation frequency may depend on whether the organic object is moving while freezing, and if so, how fast. For example, if an organic object moves during freezing, the required radiation power may be 25 percent or more higher than for stationary objects. The carrier frequency can range from 1 kHz to 12 MHz.

The modulation frequency can be in the range from 0.1 to 80000 Hz. In some exemplary embodiments, the modulation frequency may be selected experimentally for various types of organic objects as the frequency that experiences the least weight loss and the least changes in nutrient composition during freezing and subsequent thawing.

An alternating modulated magnetic field can produce an effect that is the same or similar to a rotating field for magnetic dipoles due to their own finite mass and their inertia smoothing out the effect of pulsed modulation. The modulation described above allows the generation of an alternating pulsed magnetic field that will act equivalent to a rotating field, using the mechanical "slippage" of ions and ion-containing molecules moving in the direction of the magnetic field lines during rotation. The pulsed magnetic field is digital.

In general, phase shifting of the signal at different transducers can also be used to create a magnetic field with a rotation effect. This may be similar to the phase shift signal in phased array antennas used in aviation. Even within the range of one transducer, without mechanical rotation of the transducers and mechanical rotation of the frozen organic object, a magnetic field with a rotation effect is achieved.

The use of a pseudo-rotating magnetic field results in the displacement of ions within the range of liquid water, as well as the generation of a local current loop - that is, the movement of charged particles. They are subject to the Ettingshausen effect, which generates a temperature gradient, the intensity of which, in turn, is regulated by the strength of the magnetic field. This allows you to change the level of the temperature gradient and, therefore, the number of salt ions drawn into the crystal through the crystallization front or pushed out of it.

A magnetic field can be thought of as a specific type of field. Thus, a magnetic field such as a rotating effect magnetic field may be a certain type of magnetic field. For example, its type may be one of the following: alternating bidirectional magnetic field, alternating unidirectional magnetic field, or alternating pseudo-rotating magnetic field with pulse width modulation. CU 140 may cause emitter 110 to emit multiple types of magnetic fields in a cyclic manner. In other words, the type of emitted magnetic field changes cyclically. The procedure for such changes may be predetermined. The CU may, for example, include a memory, which may be energy independent, that may store a predetermined order and/or one or more programs that determine the predetermined order of cyclic emission of various types of magnetic fields using the emitter 110. It should be noted that in some alternative exemplary In embodiments, there may be more than one converter. It should also be noted that in some exemplary embodiments there may also be more than one control unit, more than one power supply, and/or more than one modulator.

Considering the effect of crystal nucleation from ions, the total amount of foreign matter in the liquid phase becomes less than that in the solid phase, and the total salinity decreases towards the end of the freezing process. This may increase the possibility of additional water binding, which no longer contributes to ice formation.

To prevent unlimited crystal growth, the CU 140 can use emitters to emit an alternating pulse of magnetic field that interacts with the magnetic dipoles of an organic object, causing them to oscillate mechanically. As ice crystals grow, their length approaches the length of the generated mechanical wave. Needle-shaped ice crystals are fragile. The bending strength of polystyrene, for example, is 50 MPa, and that of ice is only 2-4 MPa. They undergo mechanical bending and break, forming two or more smaller new crystals. In this way, the exponential growth in ice crystal size leading to growth can be interrupted and the rate of recrystallization can be reduced. This ensures the crystal size distribution is towards small sizes and limits their maximum size. For recrystallization of crystals, their correct location in space is required. However, this is prevented by the pseudo-rotating magnetic field generated by the CU. In this way, the level of recrystallization can be radically reduced, for example at temperatures from -2 to -10°C.

In general, crystallization with a limited maximum ice crystal size ensures the structural integrity of the object being frozen. An individual ice crystal can be surrounded by inorganic compounds, thereby preventing the ice crystals from coalescing into conglomerates, making it impossible for ice to sublimate from the internal cavities of the organic object to be frozen and for oxygen to penetrate into the resulting holes. In this way, oxidation can be prevented. Because the salinity level, density, free water fraction, and chemical composition of an organic object can vary even within a piece being frozen, the exact value of the best frequencies may vary. To ensure the necessary impact on physically and chemically volatile parts of the organic object being frozen, the vibrations generated by the CU 140 can be of different frequencies.

In this exemplary embodiment, the frequency can be changed by frequently modulating the generated signals. The frequency range of the modulated FM signal can range from 1% to 30% of the signal's carrier frequency. For an organic object with a constant internal structure, such as a potato, seedless avocado, seedless mango, or fish fillet, a narrower range of baseband frequencies, such as 1% to 15% of the carrier frequency or more, may be used. Thanks to mechanical vibrations created by an alternating magnetic field inside a freezing object, the transition of water in the liquid phase to a supercooled state is prevented.

It should be noted that the specific frequencies, powers and modulation levels may depend on the type of organic object being frozen. The organic object type may be, for example, meat, fish, vegetable, or any other type that is determined based on one or more characteristics of the organic object. Therefore, information about them can be determined in advance and stored in memory. The memory may be part of the CU 140 or it may be accessible by the CU 140. In general, the control unit may be configured to control a signal generator and one or more power supplies such that it can cause the carrier frequency, modulation frequency, modulation limits, and duty cycle for each type of magnetic field. The magnetic field strength can be set, i.e. determined by adjusting the output voltage of one or more power supplies. Each power supply can be connected to one or more modulators, each of which is connected to one or more converters. A device, such as device 100, may be configured to induce a magnetic field of a given strength over the entire area of a freezing object without exceeding a predetermined amount of deviation (e.g., no more than 10 percent) over the entire volume of space intended to accommodate freezing objects, such as freezer. The same field amplitude ensures the same degree of exposure throughout the entire volume of the freezer.

The device 100 shown in Fig. 1, Can be used with various kinds of freezing equipment. For example, air freezers with or without forced air movement, tunnel freezers with conveyor lines, freezers with spiral conveyors, contact freezers, both vertical and horizontal, and/or sets with liquid agent or with liquid agent with inclusions ice. The device 100 may include a Faraday Cage 150 or a conductive structure that provides the same function as a Faraday Cage, such as an emitter housing 110 that may include an inner portion containing copper wires and an outer stainless steel housing that contains the wires.

Rice. 2 illustrates a system 200 that includes a CU 250, a chamber used for freezing 220, and one or more organic objects to be frozen 230. In some example embodiments, the system may contain more than one chamber. Chamber 220 can be understood as a stationary freezing equipment set into which one or more organic objects 230 can be placed for freezing. Chamber 220 may, in some exemplary embodiments, include a platform, such as a conveyor, cart, tray, or cooling surface, that provides a means for moving one or more organic objects to be frozen 230 in chamber 220. This allows objects to be moved in and out of the chamber. from it instead of statically placing them inside the chamber. The temperature of objects to be moved into the chamber may be above 0 degrees Celsius.

Chamber 220 is cooled to below 0 degrees Celsius. Chamber 220 may be filled with air or liquid or have cooled surfaces that may be used such that they are in contact with one or more organic objects 230. CU 210 may include one or more emitters that fill the interior of the chamber with an alternating magnetic field . In this exemplary embodiment, the magnetic field is emitted at a frequency of from 0.1 Hz to 12 MHz with periodically varying power, frequency and type of modulation and with an oscillation amplitude that is lower than the amplitude that initiates the occurrence of dissolved gases caused by cavitation, but at least five times the Earth's magnetic field at the location to prevent it from influencing the formation of ice crystals depending on the geographic location and local extremes of the permanent magnetic field. For each type of product to be frozen, there may be exact values of magnetic field irradiation parameters, determined and selected individually by selecting such combinations of magnetic field parameters that for a particular type of object to be frozen give the best quality results.

The freezer may, in some exemplary embodiments, be enclosed in a Faraday cage to eliminate the harmful effects of the electric field causing radicals in frozen objects. However, in some exemplary embodiments, a Faraday cage effect can be achieved by having a freezer having metal walls, a ceiling, and a door. Additionally, in some exemplary embodiments, a Faraday cage is not needed if the device 100 has a metallic surface or contains means for discharging electrical charges.

Further, in this exemplary embodiment, all emitters are located within a cooled chamber volume. Emitters can be made of food grade stainless steel. The emitters can be rectangular or round multi-turn solenoids with one or more windings of copper, aluminum or silver wire of, for example, ten or more turns. The emitters may receive to emit a signal generated by the CU 250. In this exemplary embodiment, the CU 250 includes a controller unit, which may be a computing device in some examples, a digital wave generator, digital DC sources, a control panel, and a digital modulator with at least one channel. The controller unit may include software containing one or more algorithms for calculating emission power and data on the types of signals emitted for various types of organic objects to be frozen 230. In addition, the refrigeration body of the chamber may be manufactured in such a way as not to place magnetic materials inside system workspace.

Emitters of the system shown in Fig. 2, can be located in the walls of the chamber. Emitters can be made of any non-magnetic material. However, in some other exemplary embodiments, the transducers may be located outside the chamber. In some other exemplary embodiments, emitters may be located both within and outside the walls of the chamber. Further, the emitters can be placed in accordance with the direction of one of the Earth's magnetic poles. The control unit can then cause the emitters to emit an additional static magnetic field in the opposite direction of the Earth's magnetic field to compensate for it. This can reduce the overall static field level inside the freezer, providing less needed alternating magnetic field power to save energy.

It should be noted that in some exemplary embodiments, one or more converters may be of a mobile design to facilitate loading and maintenance. Additionally or alternatively, the converters may be designed as smaller converters inserted into a larger converter.

Thus, a system such as system 200 can be used to freeze an organic object. With such a system, the process of growth and interruption of crystal growth is repeated cyclically from the beginning of freezing until the target temperature is reached at the center of the freezing object. In some examples this is -18°C. Preventing the growth of mechanical wave crystals in the product reduces the shear force, allowing frozen items to be mechanically processed with less effort and without defrosting them. Thus, the controlled alternating magnetic field of ice crystals allows the above-described effects to be achieved even in the case of slow freezing, which inevitably occurs when freezing large objects, such as those over 200 mm thick, which may be packaged in cardboard or plastic packaging, in freezing equipment at temperatures , close to the required final freezing temperature of the object, and at a low rate of heat transfer, which may be due to other reasons.

Rice. 3 illustrates and exemplary embodiment of freezing an organic object using the system described above. First, in S1, the organic object to be frozen is placed in the chamber of a system, such as system 200. Then, in S2, an alternating magnetic field is applied to the system. Next, in S3, the process of freezing an organic object is controlled. This can be achieved, for example, by placing a multipoint thermometer inside the sample to measure temperature at points located at different depths from the surface of the freezing organic object. To prevent the influence of magnetic fields on the thermometer readings, the alternating magnetic field can be deactivated for the duration of the measurement. Alternatively or additionally, the process of freezing an organic object can be monitored by measuring the speed of propagation of the sound wave in a frozen sample of the organic object against a reference frozen sample to compare the time of travel of the wave through the frozen sample of the organic object and the reference sample and to ensure that the speed of sound wave in these samples was constant and equal. To prevent the influence of magnetic fields on the measurement of the speed of wave propagation in the sample, the alternating magnetic field can be deactivated for the duration of the measurement.

Rice. 4 is an example of a computing device that may be included in or coupled to the device 100 illustrated in FIG. 1. The computing device 400 may be, for example, a circuit or chipset applicable to a device for implementing the described embodiments. Device 400 may alternatively be an electronic device comprising one or more electronic circuits. Device 400 may include memory 410, which may be implemented using any suitable storage technology, such as semiconductor memories, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical storage devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. The device 400 may also include a processor 420 that includes circuitry capable of executing computer program instructions.

The device 400 may further include connectivity circuitry 430 that allows the device to connect to a network, which may be wired or wireless, such as a wireless local area network or a cellular wireless network. The device 400 may optionally further include an input/output unit 440 that is configured to provide interaction between the device and a user. The input/output block 440 may provide text input, touch input, graphics display, voice input, and audio output, for example.

As used herein, the term "circuitry" refers to all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations, such as analog-only and/or digital-only implementations, and (b) combinations of circuitry and software (and/or firmware) ), such as (if applicable): (i) a combination of processor(s) or (ii) parts of the processor(s)/software, including digital signal processor(s), software and memory, that work together to cause the device perform various functions, and (c) circuits, such as a microprocessor(s) or part of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware to operate, even if the software or firmware is not physically present. This definition of "circuitry" applies to all uses of the term in this application. As a further example as used herein, the term "circuitry" will also cover the implementation of only a processor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware. The term "circuitry" will also cover, for example, and as applicable to a particular item, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile phone, or a similar integrated circuit in a server, cellular network device, or other network device. The circuit embodiments described above can also be considered as embodiments that provide means for implementing embodiments of the methods or processes described herein.

The techniques and methods described herein can be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, these methods may be implemented in hardware (one or more devices), firmware (one or more devices), software (one or more modules), or combinations thereof. For hardware implementation, the device(s) of the embodiments may be implemented within one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), programmable gate arrays ( FPGAs), graphics processing units (GPUs), tensor processing units (TPUs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic components designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For firmware or software, implementation may be through modules of at least one chipset (eg, routines, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. Program codes can be stored in a memory unit and executed by processors. The memory unit can be implemented inside the processor or external to the processor. In the latter case, it may be in communication with the processor through various means, as is known in the art. In addition, components of the systems described herein may be rearranged and/or supplemented with additional components in order to facilitate the achievement of various aspects, etc., described with respect thereto, and are not limited to the exact configurations set forth in these drawings , as will be assessed by one skilled in the art.

Embodiments as described may also be implemented in the form of a computer process defined by a computer program or portions thereof. A computer program may be in the form of source code, object code, or some intermediate form, and it may be stored in some medium, which may be any object or device capable of carrying the program. For example, a computer program may be stored on a computer program distribution medium readable by a computer or processor. The computer program medium may be, for example, but not limited to, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory, an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, and a software distribution package, for example. Computer software media can be an enduring medium.

In Fig. Figure 5 shows examples of frozen salmon. Salmon is an organic entity and its structure, before freezing, is exemplified by fresh salmon 510. If the salmon is then frozen using the individually quick frozen, IQF, method, the structure of the salmon is then structure 520. IQF is a method that prevents the formation of large ice crystals in the cage . However, if the salmon is frozen using the exemplary embodiment described above, the structure of the salmon is structure 530. As can be seen from the illustrations, structure 530 is more similar to structure 510 of fresh salmon than to structure 520 of IQF frozen salmon.

Claims (16)

1. A system (200) for controlled freezing of an organic object, comprising a chamber (220) for freezing, wherein the system (200) further contains or is connected to a device (100) designed for the controlled growth of ice crystals within the organic object during freezing and containing at least at least one emitter (110) for generating magnetic fields for the entire volume of the freezer chamber, a control unit (140), a power source (130) and a modulator (120), wherein the control unit (140) causes cyclic emission of a plurality of types of magnetic fields using at least one emitter (110), and where the magnetic fields are at least one of the following: an alternating bidirectional magnetic field, an alternating unidirectional magnetic field, and/or an alternating pseudo-rotating magnetic field with pulse frequency modulation; wherein the control unit (140) determines for each type of magnetic field from a plurality of magnetic fields: carrier frequency, modulation frequency, modulation limits and duty cycle, and sets them using a signal generator and power supply (130); and which is configured to determine the strength of a plurality of magnetic fields by adjusting the output voltage of the power supply (130). 2. System (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one emitter (110) contains additional emitters located on the specified at least one emitter (110). 3. System (200) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (100) is connected to or includes a computer device. 4. System (200) according to claim 3, characterized in that the computer device is configured to perform one or more field superposition determination algorithms and/or where the computer device further stores data related to different types of signals suitable for different types of organic objects, which need to be frozen. 5. System (200) according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that at least one emitter (110) is movable to allow loading and maintenance. 6. System (200) according to any of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the system (200) further comprises a Faraday Cage. 7. System (200) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chamber (220) is filled with at least one of the following: air, steam, gas, liquid, or any combination thereof. 8. A system (200) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the chamber comprises at least one of the following: a conveyor, a cart, a tray, a cooling surface, or any combination thereof. 9. System (200) according to any one of claims. 1-8, characterized in that one or more emitters (110) are located on one or more walls of the chamber or outside the chamber, or any combination of the above. 10. A method of influencing and controlling the formation and growth of ice crystals in the process of freezing an organic object, where the organic object is: a food product, a biological sample, a liquid containing water, and/or a colloid, which consists of placing the organic object in the system chamber (200 ) controlled freezing of an organic object according to any one of claims 1-10. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising placing a multipoint thermometer inside the organic object to monitor freezing. 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it further includes measuring the speed of propagation of a sound wave inside an organic object to control freezing. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that radiation such as a magnetic field is interrupted during the measurement.