RU2803861C1 - Dental overlay to protect the patient from injury with instruments - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; dentistry.

SUBSTANCE: overlay is designed to protect the patient from injury by instruments and consists of three layers. The first layer consists of a polymeric material that is able to resist cutting and withstand contact with burs. The second layer is made of non-woven polyester, the third layer is made of methylcellulose grade MTs-100. The layers are joined together with an adhesive based on synthetic rubber. When fixing the lining in the oral cavity, the first layer is on the outside, and the third layer is facing the mucous membrane. The overlay is made with the possibility of fixation due to the adhesion of the third layer to the oral mucosa in a form that repeats the anatomical structure of the surface of the buccal mucosa, hard palate, transitional fold, tongue, sublingual space.

EFFECT: provision of local isolation of certain parts of the oral cavity and protection of the patient from possible injury by sharp and rotary dental instruments during dental manipulation is achieved.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to dentistry, and is intended to protect patients from damage to oral tissues during dental procedures.

Currently, various materials and devices are used to isolate the working field, including cotton rolls, insulating pads and a rubber dam system.

Due to their design features and the goals stated during their creation, these products provide good isolation of the oral cavity from saliva, blood, water, residual medicinal materials and tooth fragments, but they cannot provide direct protection against damage to the mucous membrane by dental instruments. However, in surgical and orthopedic practice, such protection from unwanted exposure to dental instruments is necessary. Manipulations performed by a dental surgeon or orthopedic dentist often involve a large amount of work and are carried out using optical equipment that limits visibility outside the surgical field. During long-term therapeutic procedures, the patient is forced to remain in a static position with his mouth open for a long time, which can lead to random movements. If the patient has certain comorbidities (for example, Parkinson's disease, nervous tics, etc.), certain anatomical features (thick cheek, abnormal position of teeth, etc.), when working with elderly patients or children, the clinical situation may become even more complicated and lead to complications associated with trauma to the soft tissues of the oral cavity. Based on this, the problem of protecting the soft tissues of the oral cavity is relevant.

There are various analogues of this invention:

1. There is a known analogue of “Protective device for teeth”, RF patent No. 133003 dated 04/12/2013.

The utility model, like the presented invention, is a device for protecting the oral cavity. This device, due to its design, well protects the oral cavity, and especially the teeth, from injury. It is a parabolic-shaped apparatus made of elastic material with a channel for introducing teeth and fixing elements. The disadvantage of this useful model is that when it was created, the main goal was to protect the oral cavity from traumatic injuries during sports, active recreation, etc. Due to its design, it is fundamentally impossible to use the utility model to protect the patient during treatment.

2. A closer analogue is known, “Device for isolating the surgical field during surgical manipulations on the alveolar processes of the jaws,” RF patent No. 212 938 dated June 28, 2022.

This is a useful model that also relates to medicine, in particular to dental surgery. It is a device that is fixed in the mouth during surgery. The device is made of silicone. The stated function of the device is to protect the surgical wound from saliva and blood. The positive qualities of this device are that it can maintain the oral cavity in an open state and isolate the surgical wound from the tongue, fixing it. The disadvantage of this useful model is that the material used (silicone) cannot provide complete protection of the mucous membrane from physical impact from sharp, rotary instruments. Also, the shape of the device may limit and make it impossible to use it in certain clinical cases (for example, with limited opening of the mouth, with an increased gag reflex). In addition, it is stated that this device is used only for surgical interventions on the alveolar processes of the jaws, which makes its use in wider practice impossible.

The prototype of this invention is the “Rubber Gasket” (RF Patent No. 2319471 dated March 19, 2003) .

This product also relates to the field of medicine, in particular to dentistry, and is an oral lining made of rubber and containing a foil coating. It is an auxiliary device that is used to separate the teeth being treated from the rest of the oral cavity. This keeps the work area dry and relatively sterile, while protecting the patient from ingestion or aspiration of cooling water, dental preparation debris, saliva containing tooth dust, or direct contact with dental instruments. The main purpose of using the prototype is to ensure optimal insulating properties, even in the case of difficult working conditions in the oral cavity. Also, the prototype aims to maximize patient comfort. The disadvantage of the prototype is that the main material for its manufacture is rubber. It does not provide reliable protection from physical impact on the mucous membrane underneath the pad. The rubber base can easily tear when in contact with the sharp end of a probe or scalpel; it is not able to withstand contact with a working dental drill, performing rotational movements at speeds of up to four hundred thousand revolutions per minute.

The difference of the proposed invention is protection from any physical impact of sharp, rotary and other dental instruments on the oral mucosa.

Technical result: providing maximum protection for the patient from possible injury from instruments during dental procedures.

It is achieved by introducing high-strength polymer material “Dyneema®” into the protective lining (able to resist cutting and withstand contact with burs).

A protective overlay is claimed to consist of three layers. The first layer consists of high-strength polymer "Dyneema®". The second layer is made of Siyifang brand polyester. - non-woven polymer material. The third layer is made of a hydrophilic polymer - methylcellulose (brand "MTs-100"). The layers are connected to each other using adhesive based on synthetic rubber “Technomelt PS 1540®” from Henkel. This adhesive is specially developed for use in medical devices.

When fixing the invention in the oral cavity, the first layer is located on the outside, and the third layer faces the mucous membrane. Fixation of the invention is carried out due to the adhesion of the third layer to the oral mucosa.

The overlay is made in shapes that repeat the anatomical structure of the surface of the buccal mucosa, hard palate, transitional fold, tongue, and sublingual space to ensure their protection.

The materials “Dyneema®”, “Siyifang”, glue “Technomelt PS 1540®”, methylcellulose “MTs-100” are certified for use in the field of medicine, are non-toxic and can be used to create medical products.

The protective pad has the following advantages:

1.The protective cover can provide the necessary level of protection against impact from sharp or rotary dental instruments.

2. The protective lining involves local isolation of certain places: the surface of the tongue, the transitional fold, the sublingual space, the hard palate and the cheek. This allows the doctor to see the main anatomical landmarks while working and carry out additional manipulations in adjacent areas of the oral cavity.

3.The protective pad is easy to use and does not require preparation for use. To ensure protection, it is enough to apply the pad to the area of the mucous membrane that needs to be protected.

Description of drawings:

In FIG. Figure 1 shows the structure of the first, second and third layers of the lining and their connection.

1 - the first layer, consisting of a high-strength polymer.

2 - layer of non-woven polymer material (Siyifang polyester).

3 - layer of hydrophilic material (hydrophilic polymer methylcellulose “MC-100”).

4 - glue (“Technomelt PS 1540®”).

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the attachment of the gasket to the oral cavity.

5 - mucous membrane.

6 - oral fluid.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a tongue guard.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows a spacer to protect the transition fold.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows a gasket to protect the sublingual space.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows a gasket to protect the hard palate.

In FIG. Figure 7 shows a cheek pad.

The invention was tested in a clinical setting at the dental clinic of the Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlova:

1. Patient P., 28 years old, applied to the clinic of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlova with complaints of the destruction of tooth 3.7 in the lower jaw, as well as a violation of aesthetics. After examination and medical history, the patient was diagnosed with nervous tics (involuntary movements of facial muscles and tongue). It was decided to restore the damaged tooth with a metal-ceramic crown. To eliminate the risk of injury to the patient, the proposed invention was used. The pad was fixed on the tongue. During the treatment, the tongue came into contact with the working drill several times, but traumatic complications were avoided.

2. Patient N., 56 years old, suffers from Parkinson’s disease. During the examination, a decision was made to replace tooth 1.5. To eliminate the possibility of injury in the cheek area, a pad was used. No traumatic complications arose during treatment.

3. Patient S., 25 years old, applied for installation of veneers on the upper frontal incisors. Taking into account individual anatomical features, it was decided to protect the transitional fold with a real overlay. The treatment went without complications.

4. Patient D., 47 years old, suffers from diabetes. Orthopedic dental treatment was planned. Preparation due to individual characteristics (tooth dystopia) was associated with the risk of damage to the sublingual space. A protective pad was used to protect the sublingual space. The treatment went without complications.

5. Patient K., 34 years old, applied for prosthetic replacement of 1.3 teeth, takes antiplatelet agents, and an onlay was applied to the area of the hard palate to eliminate the risk of injury and bleeding. The treatment was carried out without complications.

Results:

Despite the individual characteristics of the patients, which complicate their treatment, during the manipulations, damage to the soft tissues of the oral cavity was avoided.

Conclusions:

The use of a protective lining allows you to completely protect the underlying oral mucosa from exposure to sharp or rotary dental instruments. This is relevant if the patient has a history of diseases that may complicate dental procedures (involuntary tension of facial muscles and tongue movements, etc.).

Claims (1)

A dental onlay to protect the patient from injury from instruments, consisting of three layers, characterized in that the first layer consists of a polymer material that can resist cutting and withstand contact with burs, the second layer is made of non-woven polyester, the third layer is made of methylcellulose grade MTs-100 , and the layers are connected to each other using glue based on synthetic rubber, while when fixing the lining in the oral cavity, the first layer is located on the outside, and the third layer faces the mucous membrane, the lining is made with the possibility of fixation due to the adhesion of the third layer to the mucous cavity mouth in a form that follows the anatomical structure of the surface of the buccal mucosa, hard palate, transitional fold, tongue, and sublingual space.