RU2803585C2 - Non-volatile electromechanical lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: locking systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electromechanical locks, more specifically to combination locks with an electronic coding method. A non-volatile electromechanical lock contains rotary sleeve (5) installed in case (1), equipped with a cam and hole (7), into which shaft (4) is inserted, in an inner cavity of which code identification device (13) is placed, supplying, if the code matches, electrical voltage to electromagnet (10) equipped with anchor (11), which interacts with walls of groove (3) of rotary sleeve (5). Case (1) is equipped with additional case (15) connected to it, having cylindrical hole (16) made coaxially to shaft (4) and providing its unhindered rotation. From an outer side of additional case (15), hole (17) of a smaller size is made. The difference of these sizes forms stopper (18) for shaft (4) spring-loaded with spring (6). Socket (12) and hole (17) on the outer side of additional case (15) together form a keyhole for key (20), which has a configuration allowing for easily entering socket (12), as well as has one or more protrusions (19) interacting with stopper (18) during rotation of key (20), fixing it in socket (12). A length of protrusions (19) is selected such that it creates the need for preliminary pressing on key (20) before its rotation. Isolated contact pin (2) of key (20) rests against isolated contact pin (9) spring-loaded with spring (6) together with shaft (4).

EFFECT: increase in the reliability of operation of a lock and expansion of the range of its operational temperatures due to placement of power supply elements inside a key case and reliable electrical connection between a key and a code identification device.

6 cl, 12 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to electromechanical locks, and more precisely to secret locks with an electronic coding method. Prior Art

An electromechanical lock RU 2151256 is known, which contains a rotary sleeve with a locking cam installed in the housing. The drive shaft of the lock mechanism, containing an electromagnet with an armature, is inserted into the hole in the sleeve. The armature interacts with the walls of the groove of the rotary sleeve, in such a way that when voltage is simultaneously applied to the electromagnet and the shaft rotates, the armature rests against the wall of the sleeve groove, transmitting rotation from the shaft to it, and in the absence of voltage on the electromagnet when the shaft rotates, the armature is pushed out of the groove under the action its own weight or spring, while rotation from the shaft is not transmitted to the rotary sleeve. The well-known electromechanical lock receives power from batteries located in the lock itself.

This is a serious drawback, as if you do not replace discharged batteries in time or allow the use of low-quality batteries, you will have to break the lock.

It is also difficult to operate the known lock at subzero temperatures, since conventional batteries sharply reduce the output of electrical power in cold weather.

Another disadvantage is that the key can be removed in any phase of rotation of the elements of the known lock mechanism.

Disclosure of the Invention

The technical result achieved by implementing this invention is to increase the reliability of the lock and to expand the range of its operating temperatures.

This technical result is achieved by placing the power source only in the key, while the lock mechanism receives the necessary power only from the key and only during the time the key is inserted into the keyhole of the lock. The implementation of this task requires changes in the design of the lock. For a reliable electrical connection between the key and the code identification device in the lock, the lock body is equipped with an additional housing with an internal cylindrical hole in which the drive shaft of the lock mechanism is placed. Also, the additional housing has an external hole smaller than the diameter of the shaft, and accordingly, the difference in the sizes of these holes forms a stop for the shaft, which is spring-loaded relative to its longitudinal axis. The socket at the end of the shaft and the hole of a smaller diameter together form a keyhole for the key. The key, made of a metal plate, is configured to fit easily into the shaft socket and has a central contact that is isolated from the general body of the key. Inside the case, the key contains batteries and an electronic coding device. In addition, the key body has two symmetrical side projections. Moreover, the length of the protrusions is chosen such that it creates the need to pre-press the key along its longitudinal axis before the key can be turned. This is done so that the central contact of the lock, spring-loaded along with the shaft, rests against the central contact of the key and ensures a reliable electrical connection.

If the socket with the central contact is moved a short distance from the shaft axis, the stop will interact with only one side protrusion of the key, which will ensure that the key rotates 360 degrees without the ability to remove it. That is, the key can be inserted in only one position of the lock mechanism parts and removed after the opening or closing cycle, returning all the lock elements to their original position, which makes the operation of the lock more convenient.

For a padlock design, the translation from closed to open position and vice versa, turning the key is less than 180 degrees. Accordingly, it is possible to use a keyhole without axial displacement.

It is possible to design a lock with a keyhole manufactured in a separate housing and in a separate housing of the lock mechanism, connected to each other by a flexible shaft with an electric cable inside.

Brief description of drawings

1. Fig. 1 Sectional drawing of a non-volatile electromechanical lock with a key.

2. Fig. 2 General view of a non-volatile electromechanical lock along with a key.

3. Fig. 3 Sectional drawing of a non-volatile electromechanical lock with a key inserted into the keyhole. Explains the method of transferring data from the key to the lock.

4. Fig. 4 Sectional drawing of a non-volatile electromechanical lock in a padded version (padlock or padlock).

5. Fig. 5 Sectional drawing of a non-volatile electromechanical lock together with a key without displacement of the central contact of the lock from the axis of rotation of the mechanism.

6. Fig. 6 General view of a non-volatile electromechanical lock together with a key without displacement of the central contact of the lock from the rotation axis of the mechanism.

7. Fig. 7 Sectional drawing of a non-volatile electromechanical lock with a key, illustrating the method of securing the key in a keyhole using a floating pin.

8. Fig. 8 Cross-section of a lock body, illustrating the method of securing a key in a keyhole using a floating pin.

9. Fig. 9 Sectional drawing of a non-volatile electromechanical lock with a spaced locking device and keyhole connected by a flexible drive.

10. Fig. 10 Sectional drawing of a safe in the form of a box with a non-volatile electromechanical lock and a spaced locking device and keyhole connected by a flexible drive.

11. Fig. 11 Section of a non-volatile electromechanical lock with a bolt. A method of locking the bolt in the closed position is shown.

12. Fig. 12 Section of a non-volatile electromechanical lock with a bolt. A method of locking the bolt in the open position is shown.

Embodiments of the Invention

Option 1.

A mortise or overhead non-volatile electromechanical lock contains a rotary sleeve 5 installed in the housing 1 (Fig. 1), equipped with a locking cam 8 and a hole 7 into which the shaft 4 is inserted, in the internal cavity of which there is a code identification device 13 that supplies electrical voltage when the code matches. onto the coil of an electromagnet 10 equipped with an armature 11 which interacts with the walls of the groove 3 of the rotary sleeve 5. The housing 1 is equipped, rigidly connected to it, with an additional housing 15 with an internal cylindrical hole 16 made coaxially with the shaft 4. The diameter of the hole 16 is sized to ensure easy and unhindered rotation of the shaft 4, but without play. On the outside of the additional housing 15 there is a hole 17 of a smaller size; the difference in these dimensions forms a stop 18 for the shaft 4, spring-loaded by a spring 6. The socket 12 in the end of the shaft 4 and the hole 17 on the outer part of the additional housing 15 together form a keyhole (Fig. 2, Fig. 6) for the key 20, which is configured to easily fit into the socket 12, and also has one or more protrusions 19 interacting with the stop 18 when turning the key 20, fixing it in the socket 12, and the length of the protrusions 19 is chosen as such (Fig. 3, Fig. 5), which creates the need to pre-press the key 20 before turning it. When you press the key 20, the insulated contact pin 2 rests against the insulated contact pin 9, spring-loaded together with the shaft 4 by the spring 6, forming a reliable electrical connection between the encoding device 22 in the key 20, which contains batteries 21, and the code identification device 13 V castle Socket 12 with contact pin 9 is offset from the axis of rotation of shaft 4. This is done so that key 20 can be inserted or removed in only one position, corresponding to the initial position of shaft 4 for opening or closing the lock. In case of a code mismatch, rotation of shaft 4 does not drive the rotary sleeve 5, but the key 20 can freely rotate 360 degrees in any direction and be removed from the keyhole.

Another way to achieve the ability to rotate the key 360 degrees with its continuous fixation in slot 12 is to equip the additional housing 15 with a groove 31 (Fig. 7). Make a recess 30 on the key 20, and equip the shaft 4 with a hole 32 and place a freely moving pin 29 in it (Fig. 8). The groove 31 is needed so that the key 20 can be easily inserted into the socket 12. When the key is turned, the upper end of the pin 29 rests against the cylindrical surface of the hole 16, and the lower end enters the space of the recess 30 of the key 20, thereby preventing the key from being removed from the socket 12 20. Spring 33, which presses contact pin 2 of key 20, ensures reliable electrical contact with the lock.

To achieve stronger locking, it is possible to make a lock in which the locking means is a separate bolt 14 (Fig. 11, Fig. 12), which can be moved from the open position to the closed position and vice versa, using a cam 8 that interacts with the engagement surfaces formed by the recess in the bolt 14. Moreover, the dimensions of the cam 8 can be selected so that, resting against the body elements that limit its movement, it fixes the bolt in both open and closed positions.

Option 2.

A non-volatile electromechanical padlock consists of a body 1 and an additional body 15, which together form a single padlock body in which the locking means is a locking arc 23 (Fig. 4), one end of which is inserted into a blind hole 26, and the second end has a groove and is inserted into the hole 27 where it is fixed by a cam 8 made at the end of the rotary sleeve 5. Transfer from open to closed position, and vice versa, is done by turning cam 8 90 degrees in any direction. For this purpose, the end of the cam has a cylindrical groove, the radius of which coincides with the radius of hole 27.

Option 3.

A non-volatile electromechanical lock with a spaced locking device and a keyhole connected by a flexible drive (Fig. 9). Let's consider an implementation with a spaced keyhole and a locking mechanism using the example of a safe box. A box made of steel (Fig. 10), on the front panel of which there is an additional housing 15, inside which there is a sleeve 25 and a shaft 4 of the locking device, connected by a flexible shaft, the ends of which are pressed into the sleeve 25 and into the shaft 4. An electric cable that connects the keyhole contact to the code recognition device and shaft 4. The locking mechanism housing 1 is fixed on the far side of the drawer. The locking cam 8 engages with a protrusion specially made for this purpose on the safe body. When turning, cam 8 disengages and the drawer can be pulled out.

Industrial applicability

A non-volatile electromechanical lock can be installed on the entrance doors of residential and non-residential buildings, industrial buildings and other buildings (warehouse, shed, gate, gate) in order to restrict access to unauthorized persons.

With the development of appropriate software and the use of battery power, the key will be able to transmit information about events occurring with the lock directly at the moment of its presence in the keyhole.

Claims (6)

1. A non-volatile electromechanical lock containing a rotary sleeve (5) installed in the housing (1), equipped with a cam (8) and a hole (7) into which a shaft (4) is inserted, in the inner cavity of which a code identification device (13) is located, when the code matches, it supplies electric voltage to the electromagnet (10), equipped with an armature (11), which interacts with the walls of the groove (3) of the rotary sleeve (5), characterized in that the housing (1) is equipped with an additional housing (15) connected to it an internal cylindrical hole (16), made coaxial to the shaft (4) and ensuring its unhindered rotation, and on the outside of the additional housing (15) there is a smaller hole (17), the difference in these dimensions forms a stop (18) for the spring-loaded (6) shaft (4), the socket (12) at the end of which and the hole (17) on the outer part of the additional housing (15) together form a keyhole for the key (20), which is configured to easily enter the socket (12), and has one or more protrusions (19) interacting with the stop (18) when turning the key (20), fixing it in the socket (12), and the length of the protrusions (19) is chosen such that it creates the need to pre-press the key (20) before by turning it, while the insulated contact pin (2) of the key (20) rests against the insulated contact pin (9), spring-loaded together with the shaft (4) by a spring (6). 2. A non-volatile electromechanical lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the socket (12) with the contact pin (9) is offset from the axis of rotation of the shaft (4). 3. A non-volatile electromechanical lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional housing (15) is equipped with a groove (31), and the key (20) has one or more recesses (30), and the shaft (4) is equipped with a hole (32), in which a freely moving pin (29) is located, interacting with the groove (31) and the recess (30) in such a way that when turned, the key (20) is fixed in the socket (12). 4. Non-volatile electromechanical lock according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the locking means is the bolt (14), which is moved from the open to the closed position using a cam (8), which interacts with the engagement surfaces formed by a recess in the bolt (14), and the cam (8) fixes crossbar (14) in open and closed positions. 5. Non-volatile electromechanical lock according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the body (1) and the additional body (15) constitute a single padlock body, in which the locking means is a locking arc (23), one end of which is inserted into a blind hole (26), and the second end has groove (28) and is inserted into the hole (27), where it is fixed with a cam (8). 6. Non-volatile electromechanical lock according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the housing (1) and housing (15) are manufactured separately, in the housing (15) a contact socket (12) for the key (20) is made, into which a flexible shaft (24) is pressed, the other end of which is pressed an electrical cable is placed in the shaft (4), inside the flexible shaft (24), connecting the contact pin (9) to the code recognition device (13).

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