RU2802578C1 - Pneumatic siphon for fan ventilation of the sewerage system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water-and-sewage systems.

SUBSTANCE: plumbing and sewer plant used inside buildings. The pneumatic siphon contains an S-shaped pipe connected by its lower part to the drain pipe of the building's internal sewerage system through a coupling (3). The coupling (3) is provided in the inner cavity with at least four helical plates welded to the inner wall of the coupling equidistant from each other. A similar coupling (3) is installed in the upper part at the end of the siphon pipe. At the level of the lower pipe bend, a bypass pipe (1) is provided, which is connected to the lower part of the siphon.

EFFECT: operation of sewer systems for draining and ventilation of buildings and structures during the cold periods of the year is ensured.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a water supply and sewerage installation used inside buildings; to drains, in particular, it is used to drain condensate into sewers in air conditioning systems.

During normal operation of sewer drainage and ventilation systems, when water is drained into the sewer system from sanitary devices connected to it, a sharp drop in water pressure occurs in the sewer system, accompanied by air movement in the vertical risers of the system. To protect residential premises from the entry of unpleasant-smelling air from the sewer system, each of these sanitary installations is usually equipped with a water seal. Changes in water pressure in the sewer system cause changes in air pressure, which can lead to failure of water separators (gates) either due to siphoning, which occurs when the pressure in the system unexpectedly drops, or due to back pressure arising in the air line during increased water discharge. This situation is especially evident during the operation of the internal sewage system of buildings during cold periods, when the mouth of the drain pipes, led, for example, to the roof, freezes over and becomes clogged with a “snow cap.”

From the prior art, direct analogues to the claimed technical solution have not been identified, however, there is a known method for organizing ventilation to eliminate odor above a source of fetid and toxic gases (see RU No. 2771857, class A61L 9/015, B01D 46/00, B01D 50/00 , publ. 05/13/2022), including a forced or natural supply of fresh air above the ceiling or, if there is a room, in the upper part of the room, and air intake by an exhaust ventilation system from under the floor of the room, the ceiling of a channel or a tank, where the source of fetid and toxic gases, organizing a directed air flow through openings in the floor or ceiling downwards, with further purification of the removed fetid air using a system consisting of one or more pre-filters, an air duct made of ozone-resistant material, a reactor, a sorption filter, an exhaust fan with a silencer at the outlet at least one ozone generator with an air preparation system, a control controller, an ozone concentration sensor at the inlet of the sorption filter, an ozone concentration sensor, a hydrogen sulfide concentration sensor and an air flow rate sensor at the system outlet, as well as an ozone concentration sensor above the ceiling or in the room and an independent gas analyzer with ozone sensors located in places where people are most likely to be found.

The known technical solution is characterized by a complex design of the device; in addition, it is ineffective for use in cold periods of the year.

The problem to which the stated solution is aimed is to create a device to prevent freezing at the mouth of the drain pipe of the internal gravity sewerage of buildings and structures.

The technical result obtained in solving the problem is expressed in ensuring the normal operation of sewer systems for drainage and ventilation of buildings and structures during the cold periods of the year.

To achieve the task, the pneumatic siphon for the drainage system of the building's internal sewage system is characterized by the fact that it contains an S-shaped pipe connected at the bottom with the drain pipe of the building's internal sewerage system through a coupling equipped in the internal cavity with at least four helical plates welded to the internal wall of the coupling equidistant from each other to impart rotational movement to the sucked air flow, moreover, a similar coupling is installed in the upper part at the end of the siphon pipe; in addition, at the level of the lower bend of the pipe there is a bypass tube connected to the bottom of the siphon, designed to remove moisture from the bottom point of the siphon from precipitation and possible condensation.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with known features indicates that the invention meets the “novelty” criterion.

The combination of new features provides a solution to the technical problem, namely, by installing a pneumatic siphon device at the mouth of the drainage pipe of the sewage system of buildings and structures, the possibility of freezing and the subsequent growth of a “snow cap” at the mouth of the pipe, which disrupts the air balance of the system, is eliminated; introduction of an unpleasant odor into the internal spaces during operation in the cold season. When using a pneumatic siphon of a waste pipe of the declared design, the noise of the sewerage system resulting from the suction of atmospheric air at the moment of activation of sanitary fixtures in the building is significantly reduced.

The claimed device for a pneumatic siphon of a fan pipe is illustrated by a drawing, where figure 1 schematically shows the siphon device, figure 2 shows a coupling with air flow guides (A - cross section, B - section along line A-A), figure 3 shows a diagram of installing a siphon on a fan pipe pipe in the building.

The pneumatic siphon device is an S-shaped pipe connected at the bottom to the drainage pipe of the building's internal sewage system through coupling 3. Moreover, the coupling of a similar device is installed in the upper part at the end of the siphon pipe. In addition, at the level of the lower bend of the siphon pipe, a bypass tube 1 is provided, connecting to the lower part of the siphon, and designed to remove moisture from the lower point of the siphon from precipitation and possible condensation. In addition, tube 1 serves as a reinforcing element of the siphon design when exposed to wind and mechanical loads (see Fig. 1).

The couplings 3 in the internal cavity are equipped with at least four helical plates that direct the air flow and are installed equidistant from each other, while the angle of attack of the screw of the plates can be 40-50 ⁰ (see Fig. 2). Thus, the plates are designed to impart a rotational movement to the sucked-in atmospheric air, which ultimately eliminates pops and periodically occurring reverse air movement, and minimizes the occurrence of resonating noise.

The pneumatic siphon can be made of metal or frost-resistant polymer materials. Prototypes of the device were up to 0.9-1.0 m in height, up to 0.5-0.6 m in width; the inner diameter of the coupling is 0.1 m, the length of the coupling is 0.13 m; the internal diameter of the bypass tube is 0.02 m.

The claimed technical solution is implemented as follows.

The siphon pipe is connected to the drain pipe of the building's internal sewage system, which goes, for example, to the roof of the building, through coupling 3 (see Fig. 1, 3). In addition, additional measures can be taken to strengthen the siphon fastening, ensuring reliable operation of the device under wind or other external influences and precipitation.

Due to the difference in the specific gravities of cold air and warm sewer gases, an equilibrium zone 2 is formed in the upper bend of the siphon pipe, which in normal operation prevents the passage of sewer gases into the atmosphere. When waste liquid is discharged, gases go along with it into the sewer system. However, if excess pressure possibly occurs in the waste pipe, the siphon will freely allow gases to pass into the atmosphere (see Fig. 1). In this case, the pneumatic siphon works to suck in atmospheric air, ensuring that the following conditions are met:

,

where t _n is the outside air temperature, t _v is the temperature of sewer gases. In such conditions, the formation of condensation is excluded.

In order to reduce the noise that occurs when atmospheric air is sucked in, helical plates in couplings 3, installed at the inlet and outlet of the siphon, give the sucked in atmospheric air a rotational movement (see Fig. 2, 3), which, in turn, eliminates the occurrence of resonating noises that negatively affect the emotional state of residents. In this case, the turbulence of the three-phase waste liquid and the turbulence of the suction air move in a single flow along the sewer riser, which ensures the stable operation of the water seals of each sanitary fixture.

Thus, the use of a new siphon device on the drainage pipe for the building’s sewerage system eliminates the leakage of gases into the interior, including during periods of operation in winter, in addition, it ensures the air balance of the system as a whole and helps reduce possible sewerage clogging.

Claims (1)

A pneumatic siphon for vent ventilation of an internal sewage system of a building, characterized in that it contains an S-shaped pipe connected at the bottom to the vent pipe of the internal sewage system of a building through a coupling equipped in the internal cavity with at least four helical plates welded to the inner wall of the coupling equidistantly from each other, with a similar coupling installed in the upper part at the end of the siphon pipe; in addition, at the level of the lower bend of the pipe, a bypass tube is provided, connecting to the lower part of the siphon.