RU2801370C1 - Method for breaking the ice cover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: navigation in ice conditions.

SUBSTANCE: method for the destruction of the ice cover is proposed, which consists in excitation by an underwater multi-hull vessel in the ice cover of resonant bending-gravity waves. Two underwater hulls of a multihull vessel are interconnected and configured for changing the distance between them. During the movement of the vessel, a hydrodynamic curtain is formed in their bow ends, in which the direction of velocities in the water flow is suddenly reversed.

EFFECT: pressure under the ice in front of the curtain will increase, which will increase the efficiency of its destruction.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to navigation in ice conditions, in particular, to submarines, sailing in ice conditions and destroying the ice cover by the resonance method (1. V.M. Kozin. Resonant method of breaking the ice cover. Inventions and experiments. M .: Academy of Natural History. 2007. 355 pp. ISBN 978-5-91327-017-7, see pp. 5-9).

The prior art is known from the method of destroying the ice cover by the resonance method, implemented by a multi-hull vessel consisting of two underwater hulls, which are connected to each other with the possibility of changing the distance between their bow and stern ends. During the movement of the vessel between the hulls in their bow ends form a hydrodynamic curtain (2. RU 2784537 C1 - taken as a prototype).

The disadvantage of the solution is the limitation of its ice-breaking ability.

The objective of the invention is to increase the height of the flexural gravity waves (IGW) excited by the vessel.

The technical result consists in increasing the thickness of the destructible ice cover.

Essential features characterizing the invention.

Restrictive: a method of breaking the ice cover by the resonance method, implemented by a multi-hull vessel consisting of two underwater hulls, which are interconnected with the possibility of changing the distance between their bow and stern ends, while a hydrodynamic curtain is formed between the hulls in their bow ends.

Distinctive: during the movement of the vessel, the direction of velocities in the flow of water, which forms a hydrodynamic curtain, is suddenly reversed.

It is known from [2] that an increase in the efficiency of ice destruction occurs due to an increase in pressure in the fore end of a multihull vessel due to the formation of a hydrodynamic curtain in this place.

It is also known (3. Dmitrevsky V.I. Hydromechanics. M.: Transport. 1962. 296 p. See p. 224) that with a sudden decrease in the velocity of the fluid, a hydraulic shock occurs, i.e. the pressure in the fluid flow rises sharply.

The invention is illustrated graphically, where: in Fig. 1 shows a top view of a multi-hull vessel in the stowed (initial) position; figure 2 - multihull in operational (ice-breaking) mode; in fig. 3 is a section along A-A in FIG. 2 (section along the pump installation plane).

The invention is carried out as follows.

First, underwater multi-hull vessel 1 begins to move under the ice cover at a resonant speed with its hulls arranged parallel to each other (Fig. 1). If the ice does not break, then with the help of drives 2 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), the aft ends of the underwater hulls are moved apart, and the bow ends are shifted in a horizontal plane. In accordance with the wing lift theorem, as well as according to the solution [2], a low pressure area 3 will appear between the underwater bodies (Fig. 2). As a result, the load from this area will be added to the wave load on the ice cover from the IGW, which contributes to a decrease in the ice buoyancy force (support force) and, as a result, the appearance of additional bending stresses in the ice. If this is not enough to destroy the ice cover, then during the movement of the vessel, pumps 4 are turned on, pre-installed in the bow ends of the underwater hulls in planes perpendicular to their diametrical planes and capable of pumping overboard the water located in the space between the light and strong hulls of the vessel (Fig. .3). Suction 5 and discharge 6 openings of pumps located in different housings are oriented towards each other at opposite angles of inclination α, which will ensure the circulation of water 7 (for example, clockwise) between them (Fig. 3), while the most effective for to create more intensive circulation of water, the angles of inclination are predetermined either experimentally or theoretically. As a result, a hydrodynamic curtain or hydrodynamic "wall" 8 will form in the fore end of the multihull vessel, which will lead to the emergence of areas of increased (in front of it) 9 and reduced 10 (behind it) pressures (Fig. 2). In turn, this will lead to the excitation of IGWs of greater intensity (amplitude). If this does not lead to the destruction of the ice, then during the movement of the vessel, the direction of the velocities in the water flow, which forms the hydrodynamic curtain, is suddenly reversed by means of pumps 4 (Fig. 3). The appearance of a counter-current in the hydrodynamic curtain (now counterclockwise, which is not shown in the drawing) will lead to a sharp decrease in its speed, i.e. to the occurrence of water hammer [3]. The occurrence of an additional increase in pressure in front of the curtain 8 will increase the deformation of the ice and, accordingly, the efficiency of its destruction, i.e. ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

The method of breaking the ice cover by the resonance method, implemented by a multi-hull vessel, consisting of two underwater hulls, which are connected to each other with the possibility of changing the distance between their bow and stern ends, while a hydrodynamic curtain is formed between the hulls in their bow ends, characterized in that during the movement of the vessel, the direction of velocities in the flow of water, which forms a hydrodynamic curtain, is suddenly reversed.

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