RU2800514C1 - Bearing unit with powder lubrication - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: bearing assembly with powder lubrication is proposed, which comprises a shaft with cylindrical and conical parts, a housing with an additional cavity, which comprises antifriction non-magnetic powder and a cavity filled with ferromagnetic lubricant and comprising a magnetic system, an antifriction bushing, preventing the exit of antifriction powder material from the bearing assembly, whereas the antifriction bushing is located concentrically to the cylindrical surface of the shaft with a gap A1, and the grain size of the anti-friction non-magnetic powder is A2, whereas A2 is greater than A1, as well as a tapered bearing. According to the second embodiment, a screw thread is made on the cylindrical part of the shaft along the length of the antifriction bushing, and the twist of the thread is opposite to the rotation of the shaft. According to the third embodiment, the antifriction bushing comprises a set of permanent magnets in the form of balls placed in a system of holes made in a checkerboard pattern.

EFFECT: increased service life, reliability of the friction unit and weight and size of the entire bearing system.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in all branches of mechanical engineering as shaft supports for machines and mechanisms loaded with radial and axial loads and increasing the reliability and durability of machines.

Known "Tapered plain bearing" [RU No. 2336441, published 20.10.2008], with a conical bearing surface containing a sleeve enclosing the shaft trunnion with grooves located on its inner surface, and one groove is made annular, located across the generatrix of the bearing cone with an offset relative to the average transverse its axis towards the smaller base of the cone by a value from 0.25 to 0.35 of the length of its generatrix, and a working fluid is supplied to it through a radial hole under pressure. Longitudinal grooves are made on the inner surface of the bearing, located towards the larger base from the said annular groove, forming a multi-wedge inner surface of the bearing. The proposed tapered plain bearing increases the reliability and durability of the support assembly by separating and duplicating the functions of smooth and multi-wedge plain bearings, simplifies its manufacture and operation due to the simplicity of design and the ability to simultaneously compensate for radial and axial forces from the rotor.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the proposed bearing assembly is lubricated with oil (liquid lubricant), which requires the organization of a system that allows its circulation. It also limits the temperature range of application of this unit and increases the weight and size characteristics of the bearing system due to additional equipment of the lubrication system.

Known "Sliding bearing with magnetic powder lubrication system" [RU No. 2385424, published 03/27/2010], containing a shaft of magnetically conductive material, a diamagnetic sleeve with cavities for magnetic powder lubrication and a node for loosening the lubricant. Rectilinear bevels are made on the inner surface of the bushing along the edges of each cavity from the side of the shaft at an angle to the inner surface of the bushing, which ensure the delivery of magnetic powder lubricant into contact between the bushing and the shaft. The assembly for loosening the lubricant is made in the form of a rod located in each cavity of the sleeve, one end of each of which is rigidly fixed on the surface of the sleeve, and ribs for loosening the lubricant are fixed at the free end. The outer surface of the shaft is provided with a protrusion with the possibility of its interaction during the rotation of the shaft with the free end of each rod of the assembly for loosening the lubricant.

The disadvantage of this invention is that there is no uninterrupted supply of powder lubricant in the right amount between the rubbing surfaces, while such a friction unit is likely to be operable only in low-speed friction units.

The closest solution is the "Sliding Bearing Lubrication Unit" [AS No. 1126767, published on 11/30/1984], containing a housing with cavities filled with ferromagnetic grease, communicating with the gap between the bearing and the shaft, and a magnetic system in the form of permanent magnets, in which, in order to increase reliability of operation, the magnetic system is installed concentrically to the shaft and is made in the form of permanent magnets with pole pieces of alternating polarity, located evenly around the circumference and perpendicular to the axis of the shaft.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the fine powder circulation system in the channels is difficult, since such a lubricant is prone to self-sealing with the formation of plugs, moreover, this design is able to perceive only radial loads, which generally reduces the durability, reliability and weight and size characteristics of the bearing assembly. .

The objective of the invention is to increase the service life, the reliability of the friction unit and the weight and size indicators of the entire bearing system.

The problem is solved due to the fact that an additional cavity with antifriction non-magnetic powder and an anti-friction bushing that does not allow the anti-friction non-magnetic powder to leave the friction unit are introduced into the design of the bearing friction unit.

The proposed design is illustrated by drawings, where:

fig. 1 shows a bearing assembly with an anti-friction bushing;

fig. 2 shows a bearing assembly with an anti-friction bushing, while the shaft has a screw thread;

fig. 3 shows a bearing assembly with an anti-friction bushing containing a set of permanent magnets in the form of balls.

A bearing assembly with powder lubrication (Fig. 1) is proposed, which contains a shaft 1 with cylindrical and conical parts, a housing 2 with an additional cavity 3, which contains an antifriction non-magnetic powder 4 and a cavity 5 filled with a ferromagnetic lubricant 6 and containing a magnetic system 7, antifriction bushing 8, preventing the exit of antifriction powder material 4 from the bearing assembly, while the antifriction bushing 8 is located concentrically to the cylindrical surface of the shaft 1 with a gap A1, and the grain size of the antifriction non-magnetic powder 4 is equal to A2, while A2 is larger than A1, as well as a tapered bearing 9 .

According to the second version (Fig. 2), a screw thread is made on the cylindrical part of the shaft 1 along the length of the anti-friction sleeve 8, and the twist of the thread is opposite to the rotation of the shaft 1.

According to the third version (Fig. 3), the anti-friction sleeve 8 contains a set of permanent magnets in the form of balls placed in a system of holes made in a checkerboard pattern.

The design works as follows: when the shaft 1 rotates in the housing 2, the anti-friction non-magnetic powder 4 is located in an additional cavity 3, separating the friction surfaces of the shaft 1 and the tapered bearing 9, while the cavity 3 contains a supply of anti-friction non-magnetic powder to ensure the tightness of the bearing assembly in the chamber 5 anti-friction sleeve 8 is installed motionless relative to shaft 1 with a gap A1 relative to shaft 1, since gap A1 is smaller than the particle size of anti-friction non-magnetic powder 4, this powder cannot move further along the shaft towards the exit from the bearing assembly, for additional sealing in cavity 5 a magnetic system 7 with ferromagnetic lubricant 6, sealing the gap along the shaft 1, preventing the removal of powder with a particle size of less than A1, in case of abrasion in the bearing assembly.

To improve the performance of the bearing assembly, as an option in FIG. 2 shows the design of the shaft 1 with a screw thread, when the shaft rotates, the screw thread returns the powder antifriction non-magnetic material 4, if it enters the gap A1, back into the additional cavity 3, preventing it from being carried away from the bearing assembly.

Also, as an option to improve the tightness of the bearing assembly as shown in Fig. 3 in the anti-friction bushing 8 there is a set of permanent magnets in the form of balls and installed in a checkerboard pattern for additional retention in the gap between the shaft 1 and the anti-friction bushing 8 of the ferromagnetic lubricant 6, which ensures greater tightness of the magnetic system.

Claims (4)

1. A bearing assembly containing a cylindrical and a conical part of the shaft, a housing with cavities covering the cylindrical part of the shaft and filled with ferromagnetic grease, and a magnetic system placed in the cavities of the housing, characterized in that the magnetic system also contains at least one anti-friction bushing , the inner surface of which is located concentrically with the cylindrical surface of the shaft with a radial clearance A1, and the housing contains an additional cavity in which the conical part of the shaft and the tapered bearing are located, and which is filled with antifriction non-magnetic powder, the grain diameter of which is equal to A2, and A2 is greater than A1. 2. The bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft has a screw thread in the area of the anti-friction bushing, the twist of which is opposite to the rotation of the shaft. 3. Bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-friction bushing contains a set of permanent magnets in the form of balls placed in a system of holes made in a checkerboard pattern. 4. Bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapered bearing can be made of powder material.

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